The Bayer ADVIA IMS Asparate Aminotransferase (AST) assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure AST activity in human serum or plasma. Sugh measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain types of liver and heart diseases. The Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatine Kinase (CK) assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure CK activity in human serum or plasma. Such measurements are used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction and muscle diseases such as progressive, Duchenne's dystrophy. The Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatinine assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure creatinine in human serum, plasma or urine. Such measurements are used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases, in monitoring renal dialysis, and as a calculation basis for measuring urine analytes. The Bayer ADVIA IMS Phenobarbital assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure phenobarbital in human serum. Measurements of phenobarbital are used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of phenobarbital overdose and in monitoring therapeutic levels of phenobarbital to ensure appropriate therapy.
Device Story
ADVIA IMS system performs automated in-vitro diagnostic assays for AST, CK, Creatinine, and Phenobarbital; utilizes patient serum, plasma, or urine samples; processes samples via reagent-based chemical reactions; provides quantitative concentration or activity measurements; used in clinical laboratory settings by trained technicians; results assist physicians in diagnosing liver/heart conditions, renal function, muscle disorders, and therapeutic drug monitoring; enables timely clinical intervention and patient management.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Performance validated via precision studies (total CV% reported for various concentration levels), analytical range verification, and correlation studies against predicate devices (n=52 to 119; r=0.98 to 0.999). Interference testing conducted for hemolysis, bilirubin, lipemia, and specific drugs (ascorbic acid, acetaminophen, salicylic acid) to determine % change in analyte measurement.
Technological Characteristics
In-vitro diagnostic reagent assays for automated chemistry analyzers. Sensing principle: chemical/enzymatic reaction-based quantification. Connectivity: integrated modular system. Software: embedded firmware for automated analysis and result calculation.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients requiring diagnostic testing for liver/heart disease (AST), myocardial infarction/muscle disease (CK), renal disease/dialysis monitoring (Creatinine), or phenobarbital therapeutic monitoring/overdose assessment (Phenobarbital). Applicable to human serum, plasma, or urine samples.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An aspartate amino transferase (AST/SGOT) test system is a device intended to measure the activity of the enzyme aspartate amino transferase (AST) (also known as a serum glutamic oxaloacetic transferase or SGOT) in serum and plasma. Aspartate amino transferase measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain types of liver and heart disease.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 862.9.
Predicate Devices
Bayer CHEM 1 AST method
Bayer CHEM 1 CK method
Bayer Chem 1 Creatinine method
Technicon RA-1000 method
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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K992136
## Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Method for the ADVIA™ IMS Systems
Listed below is a comparison of the performance of the Bayer ADVIA IMS Aspartate Ammotransferase (AST) method and a similar device that was granted clearance of substantial equivalence (Bayer CHEM® 1 AST method). The information was extracted from the Bayer ADVIA IMS AST method and Bayer CHEM 1 AST method sheet.
#### INTENDED USE
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) assay is an in-vitro diagnostic device intended to measure AST in human serum or plasma. Such measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain liver diseases and heart diseases.
| AST METHOD: | ADVIA IMS | CHEM 1 |
|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|
| Part Number: | Reagents B41-3722-23 | T01-1631-53 |
| Analytical Range: | 0 to 1000 U/L | 0 to 1030 U/L |
| Precision (Total): | mean (U/L) | % CV |
| | 30 | 4.2 |
| | 63 | 2.4 |
| | 153 | 1.6 |
| | mean (U/L) | % CV |
| | 31 | 4.1 |
| | 231 | 2.1 |
| | 369 | 3.6 |
| Regression Equation: (serum) | $y = 0.99x - 2.8$ | |
| where: | y = ADVIA IMS<br>x = Chem 1<br>n = 66<br>r = 0.998<br>Sy.x = 16.9<br>range = 16 to 910 U/L | |
| Regression Equation: (plasma qualification) | $y = 0.975x + 0.7$ | |
| where: | y = plasma<br>x = serum<br>n = 53<br>r = 0.997<br>Sy.x = 0.77<br>range = 14 to 69 U/L | |
{1}------------------------------------------------
| | Interfering Substance<br>Concentration | AST<br>(U/L) | Effect<br>% Change |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------------|--------------|--------------------|
| Hemolysis (Hemoglobin) | 500 mg/dL | 90 | 59 |
| Bilirubin (conjugated) | 20 mg/dL | 89 | -3 |
| Bilirubin (unconjugated) | 25 mg/dL | 88 | 0 |
| Lipemia (Triglycerides) | 500 mg/dL | 96 | 3 |
Gabriel J. Murray Jr.
Gabriel J. Muraca, Jr. Manager Regulatory Affairs Bayer Corporation 511 Benedict Avenue Tarrytown, New York 10591-5097
Date 6/22/99
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## Creatine Kinase (CK) Method for the ADVIA™ IMS Systems
Listed below is a comparison of the performance of the Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatine Kinase (CK) method and a similar device that was granted clearance of substantial equivalence (Bayer CHEM 1® CK method). The information was extracted from the Bayer ADVIA IMS CK method and Bayer CHEM 1 CK method sheet.
### INTENDED USE
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatine Kinase (CK) assay is an in-vitro diagnostic device intended to measure CK in human serum or plasma. Such measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction and muscle diseases.
| CK METHOD: | ADVIA IMS | | CHEM 1 | |
|------------------------------------------------|----------------------|-----------------|---------------|------|
| Part Number: | Reagents B41-3729-23 | | T01-1491-53 | |
| Analytical Range: | 0 to 2200 U/L | | 0 to 2200 U/L | |
| Precision (Total): | mean<br>(U/L) | % CV | mean<br>(U/L) | % CV |
| | 97 | 1.9 | 142 | 2.0 |
| | 231 | 1.3 | 407 | 2.9 |
| | 562 | 1.3 | 457 | 2.3 |
| Regression Equation:<br>(serum) | y = 0.99x + 2.7 | | | |
| where: | y | = ADVIA IMS | | |
| | x | = Chem 1 | | |
| | n | = 67 | | |
| | r | = 0.999 | | |
| | Sy.x | = 18.2 | | |
| | range | = 4 to 1873 U/L | | |
| Regression Equation:<br>(plasma qualification) | y = 1.01x - 0.3 | | | |
| where: | y | = plasma | | |
| | x | = serum | | |
| | n | = 60 | | |
| | r | = 0.999 | | |
| | Sy.x | = 2.8 | | |
| | range | = 37 to 472 U/L | | |
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| | Interfering Substance<br>Concentration | CK<br>(U/L) | Effect<br>% Change |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------------|-------------|--------------------|
| Hemoglobin | 500 mg/dL | 113 | 28 |
| Bilirubin (conjugated) | 20 mg/dL | 112 | -2 |
| Bilirubin (unconjugated) | 25 mg/dL | 109 | 0 |
| Lipemia (Triglycerides) | 500 mg/dL | 114 | -4 |
Gabriel A. Munoz Jr.
Gabriel J. Muraca, Jr. Manager Regulatory Affairs Bayer Corporation 511 Benedict Avenue Tarrytown, New York 10591-5097
6/22/99
Date
{4}------------------------------------------------
## Creatinine Method for the ADVIA™ IMS Systems
Listed below is a comparison of the performance of the Bayer ADVIA Creatinine method and a similar device that was granted clearance of substantial equivalence (Bayer Chem 1® Creatinine method). The information was extracted from the Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatinine method sheet.
### INTENDED USE
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatinine assay is an in-vitro diagnostic device intended to measure Creatinine in human serum, plasma, or urine. Such measurements are used in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of renal diseases, in monitoring renal dialysis, and as a calculation basis for measuring urine analytes.
### SERUM
| CREATININE<br>METHOD: | ADVIA IMS | CHEM 1 | | |
|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|------|-----|
| Part Number: | Reagents B41-3730-46<br>Calibrators T03-1291-62 | T01-1456-53<br>T03-1291-62 | | |
| Analytical Range: | 0 to 30 mg/dL | 0.3 to 29 mg/dL | | |
| Imprecision (Total): | Mean<br>(mg/dL) | % CV | | |
| Level 1 | 1.10 | 2.96 | 1.3 | 5.6 |
| Level 2 | 2.82 | 2.99 | 9.0 | 2.3 |
| Level 3 | 5.67 | 1.70 | 15.1 | 2.6 |
| Correlation to existing system | |
|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Regression Equation: y = 0.96x + 0.38 | |
| where: | y = ADVIA IMS |
| | x = Chem 1 |
| | n = 108 (54 samples in duplicate) |
| | r = 0.999 |
| | Sy.x = .31 |
| | range = 0.4 to 28.9 mg/dL |
Gabriel J. Munoz Jr.
6/22/99
{5}------------------------------------------------
| Plasma Qualification | |
|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Regression Equation: y=0.96X +0.05 | |
| where: | y = plasma |
| | x = serum |
| | n = 119 (60 samples in duplicate) |
| | r = 0.98 |
| | Sy.x = 0.03 |
| | range = .69 to 1.55 mg/dL |
| | Interfering Substance<br>Concentration | Creatinine<br>Concentration | Effect<br>% Change |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--------------------|
| Hemoglobin | 1000 mg/dL | 2.98 mg/dL | +7 |
| Bilirubin (conjugated) | 18.8 mg/dL | 2.94 mg/dL | -8 |
| Bilirubin (unconjugated) | 25 mg/dL | 3.02 mg/dL | -5 |
| Lipemia (Triglycerides) | 1000 mg/dL | 3.08 mg/dL | -2 |
# URINE
| CREATININE<br>METHOD: | ADVIA IMS | CHEM 1 |
|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Part Number: | Reagents B41-3730-46<br>Calibrators T03-1291-62 | T01-1456-53<br>T03-1291-62 |
| Analytical Range: | 0 to 300 mg/dL | 2.4 to 232 mg/dL<br>(0.3 mg/dL to 29.0mg/dL for undiluted samples) |
| Imprecision (Total): | Mean<br>(mg/dL) | mean<br>(mg/dL) |
| | % CV | % CV |
| Level 1 | 63.80<br>2.89 | 31<br>3.5 |
| Level 2 | 111.30<br>2.33 | 51<br>3.3 |
| Level 3 | 155.0<br>2.13 | 119<br>4.1 |
Gabriel J. Munoz, Jr.
6/22/99
{6}------------------------------------------------
| Correlation to existing system | |
|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| Regression Equation: $y = 1.01x - 0.06$ | |
| where: | |
| y | = ADVIA IMS |
| x | = Chem 1 |
| n | = 102 (51 samples in duplicate) |
| r | = 0.998 |
| Sy.x | = 4.01 |
| range | = 7 to 352 mg/dL |
| | Interfering Substance<br>Concentration | Creatinine<br>Concentration | Effect<br>% Change |
|----------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--------------------|
| Ascorbic Acid | 220 mg/dL | 60.36 mg/dL | <1% |
| Acetaminophen | 60 mg/dL | 52.97 mg/dL | <1% |
| Salicylic Acid | 550 mg/dL | 56.02 mg/dL | <1% |
Gabriel J. Muraco Jr.
Gabriel J. Muraca, Jr. Manager Regulatory Affairs Bayer Corporation 511 Benedict Avenue Tarrytown, New York 10591-5097
6/22/99
Date
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#### Phenobarbital Method for the Bayer ADVIA® IMS Systems
Listed below is a comparison of the performance between the Bayer ADVIA IMS Phenobarbital method and a similar device that was granted clearance of substantial equivalence (Technicon RA-1000 method), The information used in the Summary of Safety and Effectiveness was extracted from the ADVIA IMS Phenobarbital method sheet and the RA-1000 method sheet.
#### INTENDED USE
This in vitro method is intended to quantitatively measure phenobarbital in human serum on the Bayer ADVIA IMS systems. Measurements of phenobarbital are used to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of phenobarbital overdose, patient compliance and to monitor serum levels of phenobarbital to ensure appropriate therapy.
| METHOD | | ADVIA IMS | RA-1000 |
|-------------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| | | Part No. | Part No. |
| | Reagents | B41-3760-41 | T01-2952-01 |
| | Calibrators | B46-4091-01 | T03-2953-01 |
| Minimum Det. | | Conc. 0.49 µg/mL | 0.9 µg/mL |
| Precision (Total) | | | |
| | | 4.8% @ 14.7 µg/mL<br>5.1% @ 24.9 µg/mL<br>3.4% @ 40.3 µg/mL | 3.0% @ 9.0 µg/mL<br>2.6% @ 23.0 µg/mL<br>2.7% @ 44.0 µg/mL |
| Correlation | | $y = 0.98x + 0.80$<br>where y = ADVIA IMS, x = RA-1000<br>n = 52<br>r = 0.992<br>Syx = 1.23 µg/mL | |
#### Interferences
| Interfering Substance | Interfering Substance<br>Concentration | Phenobarbital<br>Concentration, μg/mL | Effect,<br>% Change |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------|
| Bilirubin (unconjugated) | 25 mg/dL | 15.5 | +2 |
| Bilirubin (conjugated) | 20 mg/dL | 15.9 | -2 |
| Hemoglobin | 600 mg/dL | 19.7 | -5 |
| Lipemia (Triglycerides) | 1000 mg/dL | 19.6 | -3 |
Gabriel J. Munacy, Jr.
6/27/66
6/22/99
{8}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/8/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the Department of Health & Human Services (HHS). The logo features the department's name encircling a stylized symbol. The symbol consists of three abstract human profiles facing right, with flowing lines above and below, resembling a bird in flight or water waves. The text is arranged in a circular fashion around the symbol.
Food and Drug Administration 2098 Gaither Road Rockville MD 20850
NOV - 9 1999
Mr. Gabriel J. Muraca, Jr. Manager Regulatory Affairs Bayer Corp. Business Group Diagnostics 511 Benedict Avenue Tarrytown, New York 10591-5097
Re: K992136
> Trade Name: 4 Additional Assays for the Bayer ADVIA® Integrated Modular System (IMS) Regulatory Class: II Product Code: CIT, CGX, DLZ, JLB Dated: September 3, 1999 Received: September 7, 1999
Dear Mr. Muraca:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the Current Good Manufacturing Practice requirements, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic OS inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in regulatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might
{9}------------------------------------------------
#### Page 2
Under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA-88), this device may require a CLIA complexity categorization. To determine if it does, you should contact the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at (770) 488-7655.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4588. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification"(21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597, or at its internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
Steven Sutman
Steven I. Gutman, M.D. M.B.A. Director Division of Clinical Laboratory Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Attachment 6
Page Page of
510(k) Number (if known): K992136
Device Name: Bayer ADVIA® Integrated Modular System (IMS)
Indications For Use:
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Asparate Aminotransferase (AST) assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure AST activity in human serum or plasma. Sugh measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain types of liver and heart diseases.
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatine Kinase (CK) assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure CK activity in human serum or plasma. Such measurements are used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction and muscle diseases such as progressive, Duchenne's dystrophy.
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Creatinine assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure creatinine in human serum, plasma or urine. Such measurements are used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases, in monitoring renal dialysis, and as a calculation basis for measuring urine analytes.
The Bayer ADVIA IMS Phenobarbital assay is an in vitro diagnostic device intended to measure phenobarbital in human serum. Measurements of phenobarbital are used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of phenobarbital overdose and in monitoring therapeutic levels of phenobarbital to ensure appropriate therapy.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Prescription Use
(Per 21 CFR 801.109
OR
Over-The-Counter Use
(Optional Format 1-2-96)
(Division Sign-Off)
sion of Clinical Laboratory Devices
her A992136
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.