The POSEIDON ST is used to maintain disc space distraction and structural stability until fusion occurs in skeletally mature adults requiring thoracic/lumbar interbody replacement. POSEIDON ST is indicated for use following complete or incomplete corpectomy due to destructive damage of the vertebral body, such as that caused by tumors, fractures, or osteomyelitis, in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine (TH1-L5). The access is posterior, lateral, anterolateral or anterior depending on the indication. The interior of the spacers can be packed with autograft or allogenic bone graft comprising cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone graft and/or demineralized allograft bone with bone marrow aspirate as an adjunct to fusion. This device is intended to be used with FDA-cleared supplemental spinal fixation systems that have been labeled for use in the thoracic, and/or lumbar spine (i.e., posterior screw and rod systems, anterior plate systems, and anterior screw and rod systems). When used at more than two levels, supplemental fixation should include posterior fixation. The device is intended for use in skeletally mature patients.
Device Story
Vertebral body replacement (VBR) implant; restores spinal column stability post-corpectomy; temporary placeholder until bony fusion. Modular design; includes main bodies (static/distractable), endplates, connecting/locking screws; available in various footprints/heights/angulations. Implant surfaces feature teeth for migration resistance; internal cavities packable with autograft/allograft bone. Used with FDA-cleared supplemental spinal fixation (posterior/anterior screw/rod/plate systems). Surgeon-operated in clinical setting; instrumentation aids insertion/positioning. Benefits patient by maintaining disc space distraction and facilitating fusion.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Performed static/dynamic axial compression and torsion (ASTM F2077-24), static subsidence (ASTM F2267-2018), biocompatibility (ISO 10993), sterile packaging (ISO 11607), sterilization validation (VDmax), and reprocessing validation (ISO 17665).
Technological Characteristics
Modular VBR system; Titanium alloy construction. Static and distractable main bodies; various endplate shapes/angles. Gamma irradiation sterilization. Mechanical testing per ASTM F2077-24 and ASTM F2267-2018. No software or electronic components.
Indications for Use
Indicated for skeletally mature adults requiring thoracic/lumbar (TH1-L5) interbody replacement following complete or incomplete corpectomy due to destructive vertebral body damage (tumors, fractures, osteomyelitis).
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A spinal intervertebral body fixation orthosis is a device intended to be implanted made of titanium. It consists of various vertebral plates that are punched into each of a series of vertebral bodies. An eye-type screw is inserted in a hole in the center of each of the plates. A braided cable is threaded through each eye-type screw. The cable is tightened with a tension device and it is fastened or crimped at each eye-type screw. The device is used to apply force to a series of vertebrae to correct “sway back,” scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine), or other conditions.
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July 10, 2026
SIGNUS Medinzintechnik GmbH
% Kara Johnson
Vice President of Regulatory Affairs
Kapstone Medical
520 Elliot Street
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
Re: K261031
Trade/Device Name: POSEIDON® ST
Regulation Number: 21 CFR 888.3060
Regulation Name: Spinal Intervertebral Body Fixation Orthosis
Regulatory Class: Class II
Product Code: MQP
Dated: June 11, 2026
Received: June 11, 2026
Dear Kara Johnson:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device"
U.S. Food & Drug Administration
10903 New Hampshire Avenue
Silver Spring, MD 20993
www.fda.gov
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K261031 - Kara Johnson
Page 2
(https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality Management System Regulation (QMSR) (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, ISO 13485 clause 7.3 (Design controls), ISO 13485 clause 8.3 (Nonconforming product), ISO 13485 clause 8.5.2 (Corrective action), and ISO 13485 clause 8.5.3 (Preventative action). Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QMSR requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (ISO 13485 clause 7.3 and ISO 13485 clause 7.5) and document changes and approvals in the Medical Device File (ISO 13485 clause 4.2.3).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reporting-combination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the Quality Management System Regulation (QMSR) (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ("UDI Rule"). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reporting-mdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
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K261031 - Kara Johnson
Page 3
Sincerely,
KATHERINE D. KAVLOCK -S
for
Brent Showalter, Ph.D.
Assistant Director
DHT6B: Division of Spinal Devices
OHT6: Office of Orthopedic Devices
Office of Product Evaluation and Quality
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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| Indications for Use | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Please type in the marketing application/submission number, if it is known. This textbox will be left blank for original applications/submissions. | K261031 | ? |
| Please provide the device trade name(s). | | ? |
| POSEIDON ST | | |
| Please provide your Indications for Use below. | | ? |
| The POSEIDON ST is used to maintain disc space distraction and structural stability until fusion occurs in skeletally mature adults requiring thoracic/lumbar interbody replacement. POSEIDON ST is indicated for use following complete or incomplete corpectomy due to destructive damage of the vertebral body, such as that caused by tumors, fractures, or osteomyelitis, in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine (TH1-L5). The access is posterior, lateral, anterolateral or anterior depending on the indication. The interior of the spacers can be packed with autograft or allogenic bone graft comprising cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone graft and/or demineralized allograft bone with bone marrow aspirate as an adjunct to fusion. This device is intended to be used with FDA-cleared supplemental spinal fixation systems that have been labeled for use in the thoracic, and/or lumbar spine (i.e., posterior screw and rod systems, anterior plate systems, and anterior screw and rod systems). When used at more than two levels, supplemental fixation should include posterior fixation. The device is intended for use in skeletally mature patients. | | |
| Please select the types of uses (select one or both, as applicable). | ☑ Prescription Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart D) ☐ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) | ? |
K261031 Page 1 of 1
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kapstone medical
Traditional 510(k) Submission
POSEIDON ST
## 510(K) Summary
**Applicant Name and Address:**
Kapstone Medical LLC
520 Elliot Street
Charlotte, NC 28202
on behalf of
Signus Medinzintechnick GmbH
Industriestrasse 2
Alzenau, Germany 63755
**Date Summary was Prepared:**
March 27, 2026
**Contact Person:**
Kara Johnson
Vice President of Regulatory Affairs
Kapstone Medical
520 Elliot Street
Charlotte, NC 28202
(704) 843-7852
kjohnson@kapstonemedical.com
**Trade/Device Name:**
POSEIDON® ST
**Common Name:**
Spinal Vertebral Body Replacement Device
**Device Class:**
Class II
**Regulation Numbers:**
888.3060
**Classification Name and Product Codes:**
Spinal intervertebral body fixation orthosis; MQP
**Legally Marketed Predicate Device:**
Nuvasive X-Core Expandable VBR System (K142205)
**(Primary Predicate)**
**(Reference Predicate)**
SACRONAIL® Transsacral System (K212755)
**(Reference Predicate)**
DIPLOMAT® Spinal System (K151704)
K261031 510(k) Summary
Page 1 of 3
{5}
kapstone medical
Traditional 510(k) Submission
POSEIDON ST
## Device Description:
POSEIDON ST is a vertebral body replacement (VBR) implant for use in the spine. It is used to restore the spinal column as a temporary placeholder until a solid bony fusion has taken place. For adaptation to different patient anatomies, the implants are available in various designs, footprints, heights, and angulations. For secure primary stabilization, the upper and lower surfaces are provided with "teeth" for resisting migration. The implants have cavities that can be filled with autograft or allogenic bone graft comprising cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone graft to promote bony incorporation. Bone graft is deposited around the implant. The devices are intended to be used with supplemental spinal fixation. The system also includes instrumentation intended to aid in the fit and placement of the implants.
The POSEIDONT ST implants include main bodies, endplates, connecting screws, and locking screws, which are sterilized via gamma irradiation and are thus provided sterile. The system instrumentation is provided non-sterile.
## Indications for Use:
The POSEIDON ST is used to maintain disc space distraction and structural stability until fusion occurs in skeletally mature adults requiring thoracic/lumbar interbody replacement.
POSEIDON ST is indicated for use following complete or incomplete corpectomy due to destructive damage of the vertebral body, such as that caused by tumors, fractures, or inflammations in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine (TH1-L5). The access is posterior, lateral, anterolateral or anterior depending on the indication. The interior of the spacers can be packed with autograft or allogenic bone graft comprising cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone graft and/or demineralized allograft bone with bone marrow aspirate as an adjunct to fusion.
This device is intended to be used with FDA-cleared supplemental spinal fixation systems that have been labeled for use in the thoracic, and/or lumbar spine (i.e., posterior screw and rod systems, anterior plate systems, and anterior screw and rod systems). When used at more than two levels, supplemental fixation should include posterior fixation.
The device is intended for use in skeletally mature patients.
## Technological Characteristics:
The POSEIDON ST is a modular system. The POSEIDONT ST implants, made of Titanium alloy, include main bodies, endplates, connecting screws, and locking screws, which are provided sterile. The main bodies come in both static and distractable versions. The endplates come in a variety of angles in both rectangular and round (with and without spikes) shapes. A main body is connected to two end plates of the desired size and angulation. If desired, an extension body can be added to the base
K261031 510(k) Summary
Page 2 of 3
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kapstone medical
Traditional 510(k) Submission
POSEIDON ST
body to achieve additional vertical overall length. The distractable base body is secured at the desired height with the Locking screw. The Connecting screw connects the end plates to the main body. Implant placement is supported by reusable instrumentation that is designed to aid insertion and positioning.
## Non-clinical Performance Evaluation:
The following confirmatory testing was conducted on the proposed POSEIDON ST system to verify that device performance is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices. Specifically, the following tests were conducted:
- Mechanical performance testing recommended by the FDA for the MQP produce code including:
- Static Axial Compression per ASTM F2077-24
- Static Axial Torsion per ASTM F2077-24
- Dynamic Axial Compression per ASTM F2077-24
- Dynamic Axial Torsion per ASTM F2077-24
- Static Subsidence per ASTM F2267-2018
- Biocompatibility per ISO 10993
- Sterile Packaging Testing per ISO 11607
- Sterilization Validation per VDmax method
- Reprocessing/Cleaning Validation per ISO 17665
- Usability/Human Factors Validation
The assessment of the non-clinical data in this submission supports that the subject device is safe, effective, and performs as well as or better than the predicate device(s). No issues of safety or efficacy were raised.
## Conclusion:
Based on a comparison of the intended use and technological characteristics to the predicate devices and on the results of confirmatory testing, it is concluded that the proposed POSEIDON ST system is substantially equivalent.
K261031 510(k) Summary
Page 3 of 3
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.