Retrospective clinical images of previously treated patients
Retrospective clinical images were used to assess the predictability of the Sim&Size simulation models by comparing software-calculated outputs (e.g., volume embolization ratio) against measurements from actual clinical cases.
Predictability assessment of Sim&Size simulations for embolization coils; Retrospective performance assessment
Patients previously treated with Axium or Hydrogel embolization coils
Not applicable for this study
Predictability of simulation model (volume embolization ratio)
Predictability assessment of Sim&Size simulations for overlapping flow diverters; Retrospective performance assessment
Patients previously treated with flow diverters
Not applicable for this study
Predictability of simulation model
Indications for Use
Sim&Size enables visualization of cerebral blood vessels for preoperational planning and sizing for neurovascular interventions and surgery. Sim&Size also allows for the ability to computationally model the placement of neurointerventional devices. General functionalities are provided such as: - Segmentation of neurovascular structures - Automatic centerline detection - Visualization of X-Ray based images for 2D review and 3D reconstruction - Placing and sizing tools - Reporting tools Information provided by the software is not intended in any way to eliminate, replace or substitute for, in whole or in part, the healthcare provider's judgment and analysis of the patient's condition.
Device Story
Sim&Size is a SaMD for preoperational planning of neurovascular interventions; inputs 3D rotational angiography images; performs segmentation of neurovascular structures and automatic centerline detection; allows computational modeling of neurointerventional device placement (flow-diverters, intrasaccular devices, stents, embolization coils) within arteries or aneurysms; outputs 3D reconstructions, sizing measurements, and simulation reports; used by clinicians in clinical settings; assists in selecting device size and positioning; does not replace clinical judgment; benefits patient by facilitating pre-procedural planning.
Clinical Evidence
No prospective clinical trials. Evidence includes bench performance testing (verification of device behavior vs. theoretical models) and two retrospective studies using clinical images. Studies assessed predictability of simulation models for embolization coils (comparing volume embolization ratio) and overlapping flow-diverters (comparing software output vs. retrospective measurements). All tests met pre-defined acceptance criteria.
Technological Characteristics
SaMD for neurovascular simulation. Inputs: DICOM 3D rotational angiography. Features: segmentation, centerline detection, 3D reconstruction, and device-specific modeling modules (FDsize, IDsize, STsize, FCsize). Connectivity: imports DICOM images. Software-based processing includes automated ROI initialization, vessel wall thresholding, and vessel entry point detection.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients undergoing neurovascular interventions and surgery requiring preoperational planning and sizing of neurointerventional devices.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
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January 27, 2023
Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The logo consists of two parts: the Department of Health & Human Services logo on the left and the FDA text logo on the right. The FDA text logo is in blue and includes the letters "FDA" followed by "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in a stacked format.
Sim&Cure Colette Maurin Senior Director, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance 95 rue Pierre Flourens, Bâtiment H Montpellier, 34090 France
Re: K222664
Trade/Device Name: Sim&Size Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Medical Image Management and Processing System Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: PZO Dated: December 28, 2022 Received: December 28, 2022
Dear Colette Maurin:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's
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requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
# Naira Muradyan -S
Naira Muradyan, Ph.D. Assistant Director DHT5A: Division of Neurosurgical, Neurointerventional and Neurodiagnostic Devices OHT5: Office of Neurological and Physical Medicine Devices Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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## Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K222664
Device Name Sim&Size
Indications for Use (Describe)
Sim&Size enables visualization of cerebral blood vessels for preoperational planning and sizing for neurovascular interventions and surgery.
Sim&Size also allows for the ability to computationally model the placement of neurointerventional devices. General functionalities are provided such as:
- Segmentation of neurovascular structures
- Automatic centerline detection
- Visualization of X-Ray based images for 2D review and 3D reconstruction
- Placing and sizing tools
- Reporting tools
Information provided by the software is not intended in any way to eliminate, replace or substitute for, in whole or in part, the healthcare provider's judgment and analysis of the patient's condition.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) |
|-------------------------------------------------|
|-------------------------------------------------|
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
| Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image is a logo for Sim & Cure. The logo is white and red text on a blue background. The text reads "Sim & Cure" on the top line and "SECURE YOUR TREATMENT" on the second line. The ampersand in the first line is red.
#### K222664 510(k) Summary
### 1. Submitter
Submitter's Name: Sim&Cure Address: 95 rue Pierre Flourens, Bâtiment H 34090 Montpellier FRANCE Phone: +33 953 43 88 09
Contact Person: Ms. Colette Maurin Senior Director, Regulatory Affairs & Quality Assurance
Date of Preparation: January 25th, 2023
## 2. Device Information
Trade Name: Sim&Size Device Classification Name: Software for Visualization of Vascular Anatomy and Intravascular Devices Common Name: Medical image management and processing system Regulation Number: 892.2050 Class: II Product Code: PZO
#### 3. Predicate Device
K212373 - Sim&Size, Sim&Cure.
#### 4. Device Description
Sim&Size is a Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) for the simulation of neurovascular implantable medical devices (IMD). The product enables visualization of cerebral blood vessels for preoperational planning for neurovascular interventions and surgery. It uses an image of the patient produced by 3D rotational angiography. It offers clinicians the possibility of computationally modeling the placement of neurovascular IMD in the artery or in the aneurysm to be treated through endovascular surgery and allows to preoperationally plan the sizing and the positioning of IMD.
Sim&Size includes four modules:
- FDsize module allows to pre-operationally plan the choice of size of flow-diverter devices;
- IDsize module allows to pre-operationally plan the choice of size of intrasaccular devices;
- STsize module allows to pre-operationally plan the choice of stents;
- FCsize module allows to pre-operationally plan the choice of first and filling embolization coils.
Associated to these four modules, a common module is intended to import DICOM images and to provide a 3D reconstruction of the vascular tree in the surgical area.
The computational modeling of the following devices is supported by the software:
- In the FDsize module:
- Medtronic Pipeline Flex Embolization Device (PED P100018/S015);
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- Medtronic Pipeline Flex Embolization Device with Shield Technology (PED2 P100018/S026);
- Stryker Surpass Evolve Flow Diverter System (P170024/S003):
- MicroVention Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device System (FRED P180027);
- MicroVention Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device X System (FRED X P180027/S002).
- In the IDsize module:
- MicroVention Woven EndoBridge Aneurysm Embolization System (WEB P170032).
- In the STsize module:
- Stryker Neuroform Atlas Stent System (P180031);
- MicroVention Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support and LVIS Jr (LVIS and LVIS Jr -P170013)
- In the FCsize module:
- Medtronic Axium Detachable Coil and Axium Prime Detachable Coil (K203432);
- MicroVention HydroCoil Embolic System (HES K161367).
#### 5. Intended Use/Indications for Use
Sim&Size enables visualization of cerebral blood vessels for preoperational planning and sizing for neurovascular interventions and surgery.
Sim&Size also allows for the ability to computationally model the placement of neurointerventional devices. General functionalities are provided such as:
- Segmentation of neurovascular structures
- Automatic centerline detection
- Visualization of X-Ray based images for 2D review and 3D reconstruction
- Placing and sizing tools
- Reporting tools
Information provided by the software is not intended in any way to eliminate, replace or substitute for, in whole or in part, the healthcare provider's judgment and analysis of the patient's condition.
#### 6. Indications for Use Comparison
The predicate device for the new version of Sim&Size software is the prior version of Sim&Size, cleared per premarket notification K212373. Both versions of Sim&Size have the same indications for use for preoperational planning of neurovascular procedures using existing image data.
#### 7. Comparison of Technological Characteristics
Compared to the predicate device, which is the prior version of Sim&Size cleared per premarket notification K212373, the new version of Sim&Size subject of this submission includes:
- . New FCsize module. This module allows to pre-onerationally plan the choice of first and filling coils. The computational modeling of the following embolization coils is supported by the software:
- Medtronic Axium Detachable Coil and Axium Prime Detachable Coil (K203432);
- MicroVention HydroCoil Embolic System (HES K161367).
- Automated region of interest initialization, vessel wall threshold, and vessel entry point features ● have been added, which should be further verified by the user and can be adjusted, if necessary.
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Image /page/5/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for Sim & Cure. The words "Sim" and "Cure" are written in a white sans-serif font, with a red ampersand (&) between them. Below the logo, the words "SECURE YOUR TREATMENT" are written in a smaller, sans-serif font. The background of the image is blue.
- Ability to computationally model overlapped flow-diverters. ●
Performance testing and verification and validation activities performed have demonstrated that the device performs as intended. The differences in technological characteristics do not raise new questions of safety and effectiveness of the device.
#### 8. Performance Data
The performance testing of the subject device was developed using the following FDA guidance, "Recommended Content and Format of Non-Clinical Bench Performance Testing Information in Premarket Submissions," issued on December 20, 2019.
The performance of computational modeling of neurovascular devices is tested through bench performance testing.
The verification process consists of comparing the behavior of the implantable medical device with its theoretical behavior.
The validation process consists of checking the physical characteristics of the IMD, which are used as input data for the simulation model.
Additionally, a non-clinical study has been performed, in which the predictability of the simulation model is assessed comparing in-vitro and virtual coil devices implanted in silicone phantom based on anatomy of patients presenting with intracranial aneurysms. The tests met the pre-defined acceptance criteria.
Furthermore, two studies using retrospective clinical images have been performed to assess:
- the predictability of the Sim&Size simulations for the Axium (Medtronic) and Hydrogel (MicroVention) embolization coils, comparing the software output (volume embolization ratio) with the measurements taken from retrospective images of previously treated patients.
- the predictability of the Sim&Size simulations for the overlapping flow diverters feature, comparing the software output with the measurements taken from retrospective images of previously treated patients.
#### 9. Summary
Sim&Cure has demonstrated that the Sim&Size software device is substantially equivalent to its listed predicate device. The results of the verification and validation tests demonstrate that the device performs as intended. The inclusion of the new FCsize module in the Sim&Size software and other new features do not raise new questions of safety and effectiveness.
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.