K170910 · Medacta International S.A. · KWS · Aug 16, 2017 · Orthopedic
Device Facts
Record ID
K170910
Device Name
Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis
Applicant
Medacta International S.A.
Product Code
KWS · Orthopedic
Decision Date
Aug 16, 2017
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 888.3660
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Therapeutic
Indications for Use
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is indicated for treatment of humeral fractures and for primary or revision total shoulder replacement in patients with an intact or reparable rotator cuff shoulder joint, severe arthropathy or a previously failed joint replacement. The patient's joint must be anatomically suited to receive the selected implant(s), and a functional deltoid muscle is necessary for the device to offer full function in vivo. The glenoid component is intended for cemented application.
Device Story
Modular anatomical shoulder arthroplasty system; components include humeral diaphysis (cemented/cementless), humeral metaphysis, double eccenter, CoCr humeral head, and polyethylene pegged glenoid. Components assembled via driven-fit coupling, securing screws, and taper Morse connections. Used in surgical settings by orthopedic surgeons to replace damaged shoulder joints. Provides structural replacement for arthropathy or fractures; restores joint function. Benefits include pain relief and improved range of motion for patients with severe shoulder pathology.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Studies included coating characterization (metallographic, SEM, XRD), mechanical fatigue testing (ASTM F1378-12, ISO 7206-4), wear testing (ASTM F2028-14, ISO 14242), range of motion analysis, micromotion assessment, axial disassembly testing, sterilization validation, and cadaver testing.
Indicated for patients requiring primary or revision total shoulder replacement or treatment of humeral fractures. Requires intact or reparable rotator cuff, severe arthropathy or previously failed joint replacement, and functional deltoid muscle.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A shoulder joint metal/polymer semi-constrained cemented prosthesis is a device intended to be implanted to replace a shoulder joint. The device limits translation and rotation in one or more planes via the geometry of its articulating surfaces. It has no linkage across-the-joint. This generic type of device includes prostheses that have a humeral resurfacing component made of alloys, such as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, and a glenoid resurfacing component made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and is limited to those prostheses intended for use with bone cement (§ 888.3027).
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II. The special controls for this device are:(1) FDA's:
(i) “Use of International Standard ISO 10993 ‘Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices—Part I: Evaluation and Testing,’ ”
(ii) “510(k) Sterility Review Guidance of 2/12/90 (K90-1),”
(iii) “Guidance Document for Testing Orthopedic Implants with Modified Metallic Surfaces Apposing Bone or Bone Cement,”
(iv) “Guidance Document for the Preparation of Premarket Notification (510(k)) Application for Orthopedic Devices,” and
(v) “Guidance Document for Testing Non-articulating, ‘Mechanically Locked’ Modular Implant Components,”
(2) International Organization for Standardization's (ISO):
(i) ISO 5832-3:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 3: Wrought Titanium 6-aluminum 4-vandium Alloy,”
(ii) ISO 5832-4:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 4: Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum casting alloy,”
(iii) ISO 5832-12:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 12: Wrought Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy,”
(iv) ISO 5833:1992 “Implants for Surgery—Acrylic Resin Cements,”
(v) ISO 5834-2:1998 “Implants for Surgery—Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene—Part 2: Moulded Forms,”
(vi) ISO 6018:1987 “Orthopaedic Implants—General Requirements for Marking, Packaging, and Labeling,” and
(vii) ISO 9001:1994 “Quality Systems—Model for Quality Assurance in Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing,” and
(3) American Society for Testing and Materials':
(i) F 75-92 “Specification for Cast Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implant Material,”
(ii) F 648-98 “Specification for Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Powder and Fabricated Form for Surgical Implants,”
(iii) F 799-96 “Specification for Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy Forgings for Surgical Implants,”
(iv) F 1044-95 “Test Method for Shear Testing of Porous Metal Coatings,”
(v) F 1108-97 “Specification for Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium Alloy Castings for Surgical Implants,”
(vi) F 1147-95 “Test Method for Tension Testing of Porous Metal,”
(vii) F 1378-97 “Standard Specification for Shoulder Prosthesis,” and
(viii) F 1537-94 “Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implants.”
Predicate Devices
Synthes Epoca Shoulder Prosthesis System (K083439)
Aequalis Shoulder Fracture System & Aequalis Shoulder System (K060209)
Total Hip Prosthesis System Quadra S + CoCrMo Femoral Ball Head + Apricot (K072857)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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### DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
Image /page/0/Picture/2 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo features a stylized caduceus symbol, which is often associated with healthcare. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" is arranged in a circular pattern around the symbol.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
Medacta International SA % Ms. Roshana Ahmed, M.A., RAC Associate Director, Regulatory Affairs Mapi USA. Inc. 2343 Alexandria Drive, Suite 100 Lexington, Kentucky 40504
August 16, 2017
Re: K170910
Trade/Device Name: Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis Regulation Number: 21 CFR 888.3660 Regulation Name: Shoulder Joint Metal/Polymer Semi-Constrained Cemented Prosthesis Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: KWS Dated: July 17, 2017 Received: July 18, 2017
Dear Ms. Ahmed:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR
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Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical devicerelated adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely.
# Mark N. Melkerson -S
Mark N. Melkerson Director Division of Orthopedic Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known)
K170910
Device Name
Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis
### Indications for Use (Describe)
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is indicated for treatment of humeral fractures and for primary or revision total shoulder replacement in patients with an intact or reparable rotator cuff shoulder joint, severe arthropathy or a previously failed joint replacement.
The patient's joint must be anatomically suited to receive the selected implant(s), and a functional deltoid muscle is necessary for the device to offer full function in vivo.
The glenoid component is intended for cemented application.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) |
|-------------------------------------------------|
|-------------------------------------------------|
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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# 3.0 510(k) Summary
#### Submitter I.
Medacta International SA Strada Regina 6874 Castel San Pietro (CH) Switzerland
Phone: (+41) 91 696 60 60 Fax: (+41) 91 696 60 66
Contact Person: Stefano Baj, Regulatory Affairs Manager Date Prepared: July 17, 2017
#### II. Device
| Device Proprietary Name: | Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Common or Usual Name: | Shoulder Prosthesis System |
| Classification Name: | Shoulder joint metal/polymer semi-constrained cemented prosthesis |
| Regulation Number: | 21 CFR 888.3660 |
| Product Code: | KWS |
| Device Classification | II |
#### III. Predicate Device
Substantial equivalence is claimed to the following devices:
Primary Predicate:
- o Synthes Epoca Shoulder Prosthesis System, K083439, Synthes (USA)
## Additional Predicates:
- Depuy Global Unite Shoulder System, K101996, Depuy (Ireland)
- Global Advantage Shoulder, Global Advantage Humeral Stem, Global Advantage Eccentric Head, K992065, Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc.
- Aequalis™ Ascend™ Flex Shoulder System, K122698, Tornier SAS ●
- Aequalis Universal Shoulder Glenoid, K994393, Tornier, S.A.
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The following reference devices are cited within the submission:
- Medacta Shoulder System, K170452, Medacta International SA ●
- Versafitcup™ Double Mobility Highcross® HXUHMWPE Liners, K092265, Medacta 0 International SA
- Aequalis Shoulder Fracture System & Aequalis Shoulder System, K060209, Tornier
- Total Hip Prosthesis System Quadra S + CoCrMo Femoral Ball Head + Apricot, ● K072857, Medacta International SA
#### IV. Device Description
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is a modular system intended to be used for anatomical shoulder arthroplasty.
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is composed of the following components:
- . Standard Humeral Diaphysis - Cementless (sizes 6 to 16)
- Standard Humeral Diaphysis Cemented (sizes 6 to 16) ●
- Humeral Anatomical Metaphysis Cementless (128°, 135° and 142° inclinations, sizes 6 ● to 16)
- Humeral Anatomical Metaphysis Cemented (128°, 135° and 142° inclinations, sizes 6 to ● 16)
- Double Eccenter ●
- Cobalt-Chromium Humeral Head (10 sizes, Ø 40 mm to Ø 58 mm) ●
- Highcross PE Pegged Glenoid (10 sizes, Ø 40 mm to Ø 58 mm)
- Humeral Stem Screw o
The Standard Humeral Diaphysis and the Humeral Anatomical Metaphysis are intended to be assembled together by means of a cylindrical driven-fit coupling and tightened by the Humeral Stem Screw. The Double Eccenter is also connected to the Humeral Anatomical Metaphysis by means of a press-fit cylinder and a securing screw. The Cobalt-Chromium Humeral Head is coupled to a Double Eccenter by means of a taper Morse connection.
The Glenoid Anatomical Implant is composed of the Highcross PE Pegged Glenoid only, which is cemented into the glenoid bone.
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis components are single-use only, are provided sterile via gamma irradiation or ethylene oxide, and are packaged individually.
The standard humeral diaphysis, humeral anatomical metaphysis, double eccenter, and humeral stem screw are manufactured from titanium alloy. The humeral head is manufactured from CoCr, and the highcross glenoid is manufactured from polyethylene.
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#### V. Indications for Use
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is indicated for treatment of humeral fractures and for primary or revision total shoulder replacement in patients with an intact or reparable rotator cuff shoulder joint, severe arthropathy or a previously failed joint replacement.
The patient's joint must be anatomically and structurally suited to receive the selected implant(s), and a functional deltoid muscle is necessary for the device to offer full function in vivo.
The glenoid component is intended for cemented application.
#### VI. Comparison of Technological Characteristics
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis and the predicate devices share the following characteristics:
- Indications for Use ●
- Components ●
- Size ●
- Materials
- Design ●
- Coating ●
The Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is technologically different from the predicate devices as follows:
- Surface treatment of the cementless components
### Discussion
As seen above, the technological difference between the subject and predicate device does not raise different questions of safety or effectiveness and performance data submitted within this 510(k) supports this difference.
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#### Performance Data VII.
The following performance data were provided in support of the substantial equivalence determination.
Non-Clinical Studies
- Coating characterization studies ●
- o Metallographic, SEM, and XRD analyses
- Mechanical Testing
- o Fatigue Testing in accordance with:
- ASTM F1378-12 Standard Specification for Shoulder Prosthesis ■
- ISO 7206-4 Third Edition 2010-06-15 Implants for Surgery - Partial and Total Hip Joint Prostheses - Part 4: Determination of Endurance Properties and Performance of Stemmed Femoral Components [Including Amendment 1 (2016)]
- Wear Testing in accordance with: o
- ASTM F1378-12 Standard Specification for Shoulder Prosthesis ■
- 트 ASTM F2028-14 Standard Test Methods For Dynamic Evaluation Of Glenoid Loosening Or Disassociation Prostheses
- ISO 14242-1:2002 Implants for surgery - Wear of total hip-joint prostheses - Part 1: Loading and displacement parameters for weartesting machines and corresponding environmental conditions for test
- ISO 14242-2:2000 Implants for surgery – Wear of total hip-joint prostheses - Part 2: Methods of measurement
- 트 ISO 17853:2011 Wear of implants materials -- Polymer and metal wear particles -- Isolation and characterization
- Range of Motion Analysis O
- Micromotion Assessment in accordance with: O
- ASTM F2028-14 Standard Test Methods For Dynamic Evaluation Of ■ Glenoid Loosening Or Disassociation Prostheses
- . ASTM F1839-08 (Reapproved 2012) Standard Specification for Rigid Polyurethane Foam for Use as a Standard Material for Testing Orthopaedic Devices and Instruments
- ASTM F1378-12 Standard Specification for Shoulder Prosthesis
- o Axial Disassembly Testing in accordance with
- ASTM F2009-00 (Reapproved 2011) Standard Test Method for . Determining the Axial Disassembly Force of Taper Connections of Modular Prostheses
- ASTM F1378-12 Standard Specification for Shoulder Prosthesis 트
- Cadaver Testing ●
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- Sterilization Validation in accordance with: ●
- 0 AAMI/ANSI/ISO 11137-1:2006 (R2015) Sterilization of Healthcare Products -Radiation - Part 1: Requirements for Development, Validation, and Routine Control of a Sterilization Process for Medical Devices
- AMI/ANSI/ISO 11137-2:2013 Sterilization of Healthcare Products Radiation o - Part 2: Establishing the Sterilization Dose
- AAMI/ANSI/ISO 11135:2014 Sterilization Of Health Care Products Ethylene o Oxide - Requirements For Development, Validation And Routine Control Of A Sterilization Process for Medical Devices
- Ethylene Oxide Residuals in accordance with: ●
- 0 AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-7:2008(R)2012 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices - Part 7: Ethylene Oxide Sterilization Residuals
- Bacterial Endotoxin Testing (LAL Method)
- Packaging validation in accordance with:
- ISO 11607-1 First Edition 2006-04-15 Packaging For Terminally Sterilized O Medical Devices - Part 1: Requirements For Materials, Sterile Barrier Systems And Packaging Systems [Including: Amendment 1 (2014)]
- o ISO 11607-2 First Edition 2006-04-15 Packaging For Terminally Sterilized Medical Devices - Part 2: Validation Requirements For Forming, Sealing And Assembly Processes [Including: Amendment 1 (2014)]
- Shelf-life studies in accordance with: 0
- ISO 11607-1 First Edition 2006-04-15 Packaging For Terminally Sterilized o Medical Devices - Part 1: Requirements For Materials, Sterile Barrier Systems And Packaging Systems [Including: Amendment 1 (2014)]
- ASTM F1980-16 Standard Guide for Accelerated Aging of Sterile Barrier o Systems for Medical Devices
## VIII. Conclusion
The information provided above supports that the Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is as safe and effective as the predicate devices. Although there is a minor difference in surface treatment between the subject and predicate devices, the testing supports that these differences do not raise any new questions of safety and effectiveness. Therefore, it is concluded that the Medacta Anatomic Shoulder Prosthesis is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices.
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.