Flexor Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer, Ansel Modification; Flexor Check-Flo Introducer, Ansel Modification; Flexor Check-Flo Introducers, Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating; Flexor Check-Flo Introducer Balkin Up and Over Contralateral Design; Flexor Up and Over Balkin Contralateral Introducer; Flexor Check-Flo Introducer, Raabe Modification; Flexor Check-Flo Performer Introducer
Applicant
Cook Incorporated
Product Code
DYB · Cardiovascular
Decision Date
Jul 28, 2015
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 870.1340
Device Class
Class 2
Indications for Use
Flexor Introducers and Guiding Sheaths are intended to introduce therapeutic or diagnostic devices into the vasculature, excluding coronary and neuro vasculature.
Device Story
Introducer sheaths and dilators facilitate percutaneous access to peripheral vasculature for subsequent therapeutic or diagnostic device delivery; eliminates need for repeated vascular puncture. Device consists of proximal hemostasis component (Tuohy-Borst fitting or silicone check-flo valve), single-lumen reinforced shaft (Teflon-lined, nylon, coil-reinforced), and distal tip (straight or curved). Some models feature hydrophilic coating for lubricity. Used by clinicians in clinical settings. Output is a vascular access pathway; enables physician to navigate and deploy interventional tools. Benefits include reduced trauma to vessel wall and streamlined procedural workflow.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Testing included biocompatibility (cytotoxicity, sensitization, systemic toxicity, hemocompatibility, etc. per ISO 10993-1), coating integrity, tensile strength, liquid leakage, mechanical abrasion, dimensional verification, lubricity, thromboresistance, and torque strength per BS EN ISO 11070. Acute performance testing confirmed clinical suitability.
Technological Characteristics
Materials: Teflon-lined, nylon, coil-reinforced tubing; polycarbonate or silicone proximal fittings. Dimensions: 4-12 French diameter, 13-110 cm length. Features: Hydrophilic coating, dilator, straight/curved distal configurations. Standards: BS EN ISO 11070:1999 (mechanical/leakage), ISO 10993-1:2009 (biocompatibility). Non-powered, manual insertion.
Indications for Use
Indicated for the introduction of therapeutic or diagnostic devices into the peripheral vasculature. Contraindicated for use in coronary and neuro vasculature.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A catheter introducer is a sheath used to facilitate placing a catheter through the skin into a vein or artery.
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Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular seal with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" arranged around the perimeter. Inside the circle is an abstract symbol that resembles a stylized caduceus or a representation of the human form.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
July 28, 2015
Cook, Inc. Ms. Sarah Reeves Regulatory Engineer 750 Daniels Way P.O. Box 489 Bloomington, IN 47402
Re: K142829
Trade/Device Name: 1) Flexor Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer, Ansel Modification 2) Flexor Check-Flo Introducer, Ansel Modification 3) Flexor Check-Flo Introducer, Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating 4) Flexor Check-Flo Introducer, Balkin Up and Over Contralateral Design 5) Flexor Up and Over, Balkin Contralateral Introducer 6) Flexor Check-Flo Introducer. Raabe Modification 7) Flexor Check-Flo Performer Introducer
Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.1340 Regulation Name: Catheter Introducer Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: DYB Dated: June 19, 2015 Received: June 22, 2015
Dear Ms. Reeves:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA), You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be
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found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical devicerelated adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
Kenneth J. Cavanaugh -S
for Bram D. Zuckerman, M.D. Director Division of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K142829
Device Name
- 1 ) Flexor® Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer, Ansel Modification
- 2) Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer, Ansel Modification
- 3) Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducers, Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating
- 4) Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer, Balkin Up and Over® Contralateral Design
- 5) Flexor® Up and Over®, Balkin Contralateral Introducer
- 6) Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer, Raabe Modification
7) Flexor® Check-Flo® Performer Introducer
Indications for Use (Describe)
Flexor Introducers and Guiding Sheaths are intended to introduce therapeutic devices into the vasculature, excluding coronary and neuro vasculature.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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#### K142829
Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Cook Medical logo. The logo is set against a red background. The word "COOK" is written in white, bold, sans-serif font at the top. Below "COOK" is the word "MEDICAL" in white, sans-serif font.
COOK INCORPORATED 750 DANIELS WAY BLOOMINGTON, IN 47404 USA PHONE: 812.339.2235 TOLL FREE: 800.457.4500 www.cookmedical.com
#### 5. 510(k) Summary
### Flexor® Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer Ansel Modification Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Ansel Modification Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducers Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Balkin Up and Over® Contralateral Design Flexor® Up and Over® Balkin Contralateral Introducer Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Raabe Modification Flexor® Check-Flo® Performer Introducer Traditional 510(k) 510(k) Summary 21 CFR §807.92
### Submitter Information:
| Applicant: | Cook Incorporated |
|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Address: | 750 Daniels Way |
| | Bloomington, IN 47404 |
| Contact: | Sarah Reeves |
| Email: | sarah.reeves@cookmedical.com |
| Contact Phone Number: | 812-335-3575 ext. 105024 |
| Contact Fax Number: | 812-332-0281 |
| Date Prepared: | 18 June 2015 |
| Device Information: | |
| Device Trade Name: | Flexor® Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer, Ansel Modification<br>Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer, Ansel Modification<br>Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducers, Ansel Modification<br>with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating<br>Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer, Balkin Up and Over®<br>Contralateral Design<br>Flexor® Up and Over® Balkin Contralateral Introducer<br>Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer, Raabe Modification<br>Flexor® Check-Flo® Performer Introducer |
| Common Name: | Introducer Set |
| Classification Name: | Catheter Introducer |
| | DVR (21 CFR §870.1340) |
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Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Cook Medical logo. The logo is set against a red background. The word "COOK" is written in white, sans-serif font, with the registered trademark symbol next to it. Below "COOK", the word "MEDICAL" is written in white, sans-serif font, set against a red background.
COOK INCORPORATED 750 DANIELS WAY BLOOMINGTON, IN 47404 USA ONE: 812.339.2235 TOLL FREE: 800.457.4500 WWW.COOKMEDICAL.COM
### Predicate Devices:
The subject devices are equivalent to the Pinnacle® Destination® Peripheral Guiding Sheath (K091329, 29 May 2009) and the Cordis Brite Tip® Catheter Sheath Introducer (K984500, 23 December 1998).
## Comparison to Predicate:
It has been demonstrated that Flexor® Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer Ansel Modification, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Ansel Modification, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducers Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Balkin Up and Over® Contralateral Design, Flexor® Up and Over® Balkin Contralateral Introducer, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Raabe Modification and Flexor® Check-Flo® Performer Introducer are comparable to the predicate devices in terms of intended use, duration of use, principles of operation, technological characteristics, and insertion method. The devices subject of this submission and both predicate devices are intended to be used as introducer sheaths, allowing for the introduction of subsequent devices into the vascular system without the necessity of an additional vascular puncture or cut-down. All of these devices are composed of a proximal hemostasis component, a single lumen reinforced shaft, a distal tip in a curved or straight configuration and are provided with a dilator. Modifications to the proposed device include materials, including sheath, dilator, proximal fittings and hydrophilic coating, dilator wire guide compatibility, dilator extension length and shelf life.
## Device Description:
The Flexor® Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer Ansel Modification, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Ansel Modification, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducers Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Balkin Up and Over® Contralateral Design, Flexor® Up and Over® Balkin Contralateral Introducer, Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Raabe Modification and Flexor® Check-Flo® Performer Introducer are composed of an introducer sheath and a dilator(s). These devices are intended to be used as introducer sheaths, providing means of introducing therapeutic or diagnostic devices into the vasculature.
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Image /page/5/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Cook Medical logo. The logo is set against a red background. The word "COOK" is written in white, block letters, and the word "MEDICAL" is written in white, smaller block letters below the word "COOK".
COOK INCORPORATED 750 DANIELS WAY BLOOMINGTON, IN 47404 USA PHONE: 812.339.2235 TOLL FREE: 800.457.4500 WWW.COOKMEDICAL.COM
The Flexor Tuohy-Borst Side-Arm Introducer Ansel Modification includes a Tuohy-Borst polycarbonate proximal fitting and a straight or curved distal end. The dimensional range is 5-7 French in diameter and 55-90 centimeters in length. The shaft is composed of aTeflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product includes a hydrophilic coating and dilator.
The Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Ansel Modification includes a proximal silicone check-flo valve and straight or curved distal end. The dimensional range is 4-9 French in diameter and 45-110 centimeters in length. The shaft is composed of a Teflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product includes a hydrophilic coating and dilator.
The Flexor Check-Flo® Introducers Ansel Modification with High-Flex Dilator and Hydrophilic Coating includes a proximal silicone check-flo valve and a straight or curved distal end. The dimensional range is 4-12 French in diameter and 45-110 centimeters in length. The shaft is composed of a Teflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product includes a hydrophilic coating and dilator.
The Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Balkin Up and Over® Contralateral Design includes a proximal silicone check-flo valve and a straight or curved distal end. The dimensional range is 5.5-12 French in diameter and 40-90 centimeters in length. The shaft is composed of a Teflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product may or may not include a hydrophilic coating. This product is provided with a dilator.
The Flexor® Up and Over® Balkin Contralateral Introducer includes a polycarbonate Tuoly-Borst proximal fitting and a curved distal end. The diameter range is 6-8 French. The shaft is composed of a Teflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product is provided in 45 centimeter length and includes a dilator.
The Flexor® Check-Flo® Introducer Raabe Modification includes a proximal silicone check-flo valve and a straight distal end. The dimensional range is 4-9 French in diameter and 55-90 centimeters in length. The shaft is composed of a Teflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product includes a dilator.
The Flexor Check-Flo® Performer Introducer includes a proximal silicone check-flo valve and a straight distal end. The dimensional range is 5-12 French in diameter and 13-90 centimeters in length. The shaft is composed of a Teflon lined, nylon, coil reinforced tubing. This product contains a dilator.
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#### K142829
Image /page/6/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Cook Medical logo. The logo is set against a red background. The word "COOK" is written in white, sans-serif, capitalized letters. Below the word "COOK" is the word "MEDICAL" in smaller, white, sans-serif, capitalized letters. The word "MEDICAL" is set against a dark red, angled background.
ok incorporated 750 DANIELS WAY LOOMINGTON, IN 47404 USA 2235 TOLL FREE: 800.457.4500 WWW.COOKMEDICAL.COM
## Intended Use:
Flexor Introducers and Guiding Sheaths are intended to introduce therapeutic or diagnostic devices into the vasculature, excluding coronary and neuro vasculature.
# Test Data:
The proposed devices were subjected to applicable testing to assure reliable design and performance under the testing parameters. The following tests were conducted to ensure reliable design and performance:
- Biocompatibility testing Testing (i.e., cytotoxicity, sensitization, intracutaneous . reactivity, systemic toxicity, pyrogenicity, hemocompatibility, complement activation, and partial thromboplastin time) demonstrated that the device is biocompatible. In conformance with the applicable sections of ISO 10993-1:2009, the predetermined acceptance criteria were met.
- Coating integrity testing Testing verified that there were no visible defects in . the hydrophilic coating after insertion and withdrawal through a urethane sheet.
- Dilator and introducer sheath tensile testing Testing verified that under proper . clinical use of the dilator and introducer sheath, the peak load values shall be in accordance with the applicable values of BS EN ISO 11070:1999. The predetermined acceptance criteria were met.
- Dilator and introducer sheath liquid leakage Testing verified that under proper . clinical use of the dilator and introducer sheath, each test article shall not leak when tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 11070:1999, Annex D and E. The predetermined acceptance criteria were met.
- . Dilator and introducer sheath mechanical abrasion – Testing verified that the hydrophilic coating met the requirements for durability. The predetermined acceptance criterion was met.
- Dimensional verification Testing verified that the sheath and dilator met the . dimensional requirements. The predetermined acceptance criterion was met.
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Image /page/7/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for Cook Medical. The logo consists of the word "COOK" in white, uppercase letters on a red background. Below the word "COOK" is the word "MEDICAL" in white, uppercase letters on a red background. The bottom of the red background is angled.
- Introducer sheath lubricity Testing verified that while hydrated and subjected to . a 300 gram normal force, the peak force over a 10 centimeter stroke shall be less than 100 gram during the course of 10 cycles. The predetermined acceptance criteria were met.
- Thromboresistance testing Testing verified that there would be 0% to 25% . estimated patency impact due to thrombus associated with the test articles. The predetermined acceptance criterion was met.
- Torque strength Testing verified that the sheath withstood at least one full . rotation before failure. The predetermined acceptance criterion was met.
- Acute Performance Testing performed verified that performance parameters ● were acceptable for clinical use. The predetermined acceptance criterion was met.
In conclusion, the results of these tests support a determination of substantial equivalence.
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.