To provide power for the specific Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for which the original battery packs were designed and manufactured, in back-up and portable use.
Device Story
Green4Life Batteries are re-celled, non-rechargeable lithium battery packs designed as primary or standby power sources for specific AED models. The manufacturing process involves opening original OEM battery enclosures, replacing internal lithium cells with identical or superior components, and reclosing the pack. If memory-equipped, the pack is reset. The device is used in clinical or field settings where AEDs are deployed; installation and testing are performed by qualified service personnel. The device provides electrical power via chemical reaction. Healthcare providers verify battery functionality through the AED's internal self-test, which reports a 'pass' status upon installation. This ensures the AED remains operational for emergency use, providing a reliable power source for life-saving defibrillation.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Bench testing only. Performance verified through open circuit voltage tests, loaded circuit voltage tests, and final installation acceptance tests within the corresponding AEDs. Each battery must pass the host AED's internal operational self-test to be considered acceptable.
Technological Characteristics
Non-rechargeable lithium battery packs. Components include lithium cells, power rectifiers, thermal fuses, and current limit fuses. Form factor matches original OEM battery enclosures. Connectivity is physical/mechanical (direct installation into AED). Testing includes visual inspection, internal resistance measurement, open circuit voltage, and loaded circuit voltage testing.
Indications for Use
Indicated for use as a power source for specific Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) in back-up and portable applications. Intended for installation and testing by qualified service personnel only.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An automated external defibrillator (AED) system consists of an AED and those accessories necessary for the AED to detect and interpret an electrocardiogram and deliver an electrical shock (e.g., battery, pad electrode, adapter, and hardware key for pediatric use). An AED system analyzes the patient's electrocardiogram, interprets the cardiac rhythm, and automatically delivers an electrical shock (fully automated AED), or advises the user to deliver the shock (semi-automated or shock advisory AED) to treat ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia.
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#### 510(k) Summary Section 5
This 510(k) is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of CFR 807.92.
#### Administrative Information 5.1
Submitted by: AED Battery Exchange, LLC 1000 Brown Street, Suite #310 Wauconda, IL 60084 USA
| Contact Person: Phone: | Keith Hochhalter |
|------------------------|----------------------------------------------|
| Fax: | 847-487-9375 |
| Email: | 847-487-9376<br>keith@aedbatteryexchange.com |
Original Date Prepared: -January 27, 2012 Additional Information Provided: April 4, 2012
# 5.2 Device Name and Classification:
| Common/Generic | Name: Box, Battery |
|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Trade/Proprietary | Name: Green4Life Battery |
| Classification Name: | Box, Battery, Non-Rechargeable<br>Regulatory Class III, Product Code MKJ |
#### 5.3 Device Description:
The Green4Life Batteries are non-rechargeable battery packs utilized as the primary power source or as a standby or backup power source for Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs). These devices provide a means of supplying electrical power through the chemical reaction of lithium cells. The energy provided depends upon the voltage and capacity rating of a particular pack and the amount of current required by the device into which they are installed. The performance and life span of these batteries depends on operating conditions of temperature, current drain, and discharge method. The goal of these battery packs is to provide a sufficient power source for AEDs for as long as possible under a specified range of environmental conditions.
The Green4Life Batteries are re-celled battery packs of those identified below in Predicate Devices.
# 5.4 Indications for Use:
To power AEDs for which the OEM battery pack was intended. Only qualified service personnel should evaluate, test, or install AED battery packs.
NOV 1 2012
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# Predicated Devices: ર્સ્ડ
| Company | Device | 510(k) # | Date Cleared |
|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------|--------------|
| Cardiac Science | Replacement Battery 9141 | K031987 | 7/30/2003 |
| | | K040438 | 7/1/2004 |
| Cardiac Science | Replacement Battery 9146 | K031987 | 7/30/2003 |
| | | K040438 | 7/1/2004 |
| Philips | Replacement Battery ForeRunner BTI | K955628 | 9/10/1996 |
| Philips | Replacement Battery HeartStart | K020715 | 11/8/2002 |
| Philips | Replacement Battery HeartStart FRX, Onsite/HomeAED (M5070) | K040904 | 9/16/2004 |
| | | K050004 | 2/25/2005 |
| Philips | Replacement Battery HeartStart FR2 (M3863) | K013425 | 1/14/2002 |
| | | K051632 | 10/5/2005 |
| Philips | Replacement Battery HeartStart FR3 (989803150161) | K111693 | 10/28/2011 |
| Defibtech | Replacement Battery DCF-200 | K033896 | 6/16/2004 |
| | | K081259 | 6/15/2009 |
| Physio Control | Replacement Battery Lifepak 500 | K955854 | 11/4/1996 |
### 5.6 Substantial Equivalence:
The Green4Life Battery packs are re-celled battery packs of those identified above in Predicate Devices. Existing enclosures are opened, lithium cells are replaced with identical or superior cells, reclosed, reset if memory equipped, and tested. Therefore, the pack is typically the exact original equipment. Only the lithium cells are replaced within the original battery packs unless other components including the power rectifiers, thermal fuses, or current limit fuses are found faulty or damaged during cell removal. In these cases, components will be replaced with identical part number components.
# 5.7 Testing:
# 5.7.1 Performance Testing
The Green4Life Battery packs are re-celled packs manufactured as cleared devices. Cells are replaced with identical cells to those used by the OEM or equivalent in specifications over the full temperature range of AED operation. Each AED has an internal test of the battery to verify that it is capable of providing the necessary power to the AED. This self test is a good indicator that the replacement battery back is acceptable. Performance testing within the specific AED was conducted to verify that the replacement battery pack tested within limits and that reset of battery pack information when operated within the designated AED, for those packs equipped with memory devices, was acceptable.
# 5.7.2 Manufacturing Tests
Incoming inspection of lithium cells will include visual examination and internal resistance measurements on typical sampling plans for similar devices. Approved cells will be assembled into packs where they go through a 100% testing as follows, including an open circuit test, loaded test, and installed test.
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| Original<br>Manufacturer | Model<br>Number | Open Circuit<br>Minimum<br>Voltage @20<br>degrees C | Loaded Circuit Minimum<br>Voltage @20 degrees C:<br>L=load resistance,<br>Vnom=nominal voltage<br>output,<br>Vmin=minimum<br>measured voltage output |
|--------------------------|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Cardiac<br>Science | 9141 | For Vnom=6V,<br>Vmin=6.0V<br><br>For Vnom=12V,<br>Vmin=12.0V | For Vnom=6V, L=8 ohms,<br>Vmin=5.5V<br><br>For Vnom=12V, L=15 ohms,<br>Vmin=11.0V |
| Cardiac<br>Science | 9146 | Vmin=12.0V | L=15 ohms, Vmin=11.0V |
| Philips | BT1 | Vmin=18.0V | L=23 ohms, Vmin=16.6V |
| Philips | M5070<br>(FRX/Onsite) | Vmin=9.0V | L=11 ohms, Vmin=8.2V |
| Philips | M3863 (FR2) | Vmin=12.0V | L=15 ohms, Vmin=11.0V |
| Philips | 989803150161<br>(FR3) | Vmin=12.0V | L=15 ohms, Vmin=11.0V |
| Defibtech | DCF-200 | For Vnom=3V,<br>Vmin=3.0V<br><br>For Vnom=15V,<br>Vmin=15.0V | For Vnom=3V,L=4 ohms,<br>Vmin=2.7V<br><br>For Vnom=15V,L=20 ohms,<br>Vmin=13.8V |
| Physic Control | Lifepak 500 | Vmin=12.0V | L=15 ohms, Vmin=11.0V |
In addition to the above open circuit and load DC voltage tests, the battery packs will be installed into their corresponding AED for a final acceptance test. The battery pack must easily install into the AED and firmly lock into place as with the original battery pack. Upon installation the AEDs undergo an operational self test of the installed battery. Final battery pack acceptance testing requires a reported "pass" by the corresponding AED.
# 5.8 Conclusion:
AED Battery Exchange has demonstrated through evaluation and testing of the Green4Life Battery packs, that their re-celled battery packs are equivalent with respect to indications for use, technological characteristics, materials, form, fit, and function to the replacement battery packs commercially available for specific AEDs outlined in this submission. This notification contains all information required by 21 CFR 807.87. A completed copy of the Premarket Notification 510(k) Reviewer's Checklist is provided as section 15 of this submission.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle or bird-like figure with three curved lines representing its body and wings. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" is arranged in a circular fashion around the bird symbol. The text is in all caps and is oriented to follow the curve of the circle.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room -WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
**NOV** 1 202
AED Battery Exchange, LLC c/o Mr. Keith Hochhalter 1000 Brown Street, Suite #310 Wauconda, IL 60084
Re: K120350
> Trade Name: Green4Life Battery with models M5070-ABE, M3863-ABE, BT1-ABE, 500-ABE, DCF-200-ABE, 9141-ABE and 9146-ABE (7 models total) Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.5310 Regulation Name: Automated external defibrillator Regulatory Class: Class III (three) Product Code: MKJ Dated: Undated Received: October 19, 2012
Dear Mr. Hochhalter:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
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# Page 2 - Mr. Keith Hochhalter
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please go to http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDRH/CDRHOffices/ucm115809.htm for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health's (CDRH's) Office of Compliance. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.goy/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor.You/Industry/default.htm.
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
fs
Bram D. Zuckerman, M.D. Director Division of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
K120350 510(k) Number (if known):_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Device Name:_Green4Life Batteries with the following models:
M5070-ABE, M3863-ABE, BT1-ABE, 500-ABE, DCF-200-ABE, 9141-ABE and 9146-ABE (7 models total).
Indications for Use:
To provide power for the specific Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for which the original battery packs were designed and manufactured, in back-up and portable use.
Prescription Use × (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Division Sign-Off) Division of Cardiovascular Devices
510(k) Number K120350
Page 1 of 1
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.