PEREGRINE RADIATION THERAPY DOSE CALCULATION SYSTEM
Applicant
Nomos Corp.
Product Code
MUJ · Radiology
Decision Date
Sep 5, 2000
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 892.5050
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Software as a Medical Device
Indications for Use
The PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System is intended to be used for radiation therapy in conjunction with a Radiation Treatment Planning system to calculate dose distributions. It is to be used by the physician and/or other competent health professional for clinical review and judgement of radiation treatment plans. The goal of the protections is to produce consistent highly accurate dose calculations using the Monte Carlo algorithms.
Device Story
PEREGRINE is a 3-D Monte Carlo radiation transport system for radiation therapy treatment planning. It models accelerator beam production, beam modifiers, and radiation transport within patient heterogeneities. The system operates on standard computer microprocessors and integrates with commercial radiation treatment planning systems. It is used by radiation oncologists, medical physicists, therapists, or dosimetrists in clinical settings to generate accurate dose distributions. Healthcare providers use these outputs to review and judge treatment plans before patient irradiation. By providing high-resolution, accurate dose calculations, the device assists in optimizing radiation delivery, potentially improving treatment precision and patient outcomes.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Verification and validation were performed using a comprehensive set of clinical measurements designed to stress physics algorithms across a range of materials, densities, and beam energies (open, blocked, wedged, and compensated fields). Testing included simple phantoms and phantoms with surface/sub-surface heterogeneities. Hazard analysis and design reviews were conducted to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Technological Characteristics
3-D Monte Carlo radiation transport system. Interfaces with radiation treatment planning systems via industry standard protocols. Operates on commercial computer microprocessors. Developed under formal design controls and quality system regulations.
Indications for Use
Indicated for use by radiation oncologists, medical physicists, radiation therapists, or dosimetrists to calculate dose distributions for radiation therapy treatments employing radiation sources and beam modifiers, for clinical review and judgement prior to patient treatment.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical charged-particle radiation therapy system is a device that produces by acceleration high energy charged particles (e.g., electrons and protons) intended for use in radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.
Predicate Devices
ADAC Laboratories Pinnacle3 3D Treatment Planning Throughput (K926008)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
{0}------------------------------------------------
K993675
Page 1 of 2
## Tab 2 510(k) Summary of Safety and Effectiveness PEREGRINE™ Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System
Pursuant to Section 513(l) of the Federal food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and 21 CFR 807.92:
NOMOS Corporation
| (a) (1) Submitter's address: | 2591 Wexford Bayne Road<br>Sewickley, PA 15143 |
|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|
| (a) (1) Submitter's telephone number: | (724) 934-8200 |
| (a) (1) Contact person: | William O. Chishko<br>Director, Quality and Regulatory Affairs |
| (a) (1) Date summary was prepared: | October 26, 1999 |
| (a) (2) Trade or proprietary name: | PEREGRINE™ Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation<br>System |
| (a) (2) Common or usual name: | Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System |
| (a) (2) Classification name: | Accelerator, Linear, Medical, Accessory |
ADAC Laboratories Pinnacle3 3D Treatment K926008 Planning Throughput
(a) (4) Device description:
(a) (3) Predicate device:
(a) (1) Submitter's name:
The PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System is a 3-D Monte Carlo radiation transport system designed to provide accurate dose calculations for radiation therapy treatment planning. PEREGRINE combines Monte Carlo-based modeling of the accelerator beam production system, Monte Carlo simulation of treatment-specific beam modifiers and Monte Carlo transport in the patient to provide a robust and accurate representation of the radiation source, beam modifiers and heterogeneities in the patient. PEREGRINE has been designed to provide highly accurate, high resolution radiation dose calculations rapidly on economical, commercially available computer microprocessors and to be easily integrated with commercial radiation treatment planning systems. In order to ensure its accuracy, PEREGRINE has been verified against a comprehensive set of clinical measurements designed to stress the physics algorithms for a full range of clinically relevant materials, densities and beam energies for open, blocked, wedged and compensated fields incident on both simple phantoms and phantoms with a variety of surface and sub-surface heterogeneities.
90 IYE [21 CFR 892.5050]
{1}------------------------------------------------
K993675
Page 2 of 2
(a) (5) Intended use:
The PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System is intended to be used for radiation therapy in conjunction with a Radiation Treatment Planning system to calculate dose distributions. It is to be used by the physician and/or other competent health aooo alombation clinical review and judgement of radiation treatment plans. The goal of the protections is to produce consistent highly accurate dose calculations using the Monte Carlo algorithms.
(a) (6) Technological characteristics:
The PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System is designed to interface to radiation treatment planning systems using industry standard protocols. It was developed and tested using Quality system design control and product release procedures.
(b) (1) Non-clinical tests submitted:
The PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System was developed and tested using the design controls set forth in the NOMOS Corporation Quality System. Some aortions of the system were developed and tested at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories using design controls set forth in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories Quality System. This system was audited by NOMOS and found to be compliant with the requirements of the NOMOS Quality System as well as the regulatory requirements of the FDA Quality System Regulations and EC Medical Device Directive. It has a product specification, which was used as the basis for the development of verification and validation plans, tests and acceptance criteria. A rigorous hazard analysis also was performed, which includes mitigation for each identified hazard. Verification and validation tests were completed in accordance with the test plans. They prove that the PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System meets the design criteria and user needs. Design reviews were conducted at appropriate stages of development.
(b) (3) Test Conclusions:
Validation and verification testing of the PEREGRINE Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System demonstrate that the software is safe and effective. Test completion shows that the device performs and is substantially equivalent to the predicate system for those features for which this submission is being made as well as overall performance. Product release also is made in accordance with established NOMOS Corporation Quality System Procedures after all tests are completed, reviewed and meet acceptance criteria and regulatory requirements.
{2}------------------------------------------------
## DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
P = 5 2000
Francis X. Dobscha Director of Quality and Regulatory Affairs NOMOS Corporation 2591 Wexford Bayne Road Sewickley, PA 15143
Re: K993675
Peregrine™ Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System Dated: July 11, 2000 Received: July 13, 2000 Regulatory Class: II 21 CFR 892.5050/Procode: 90 MUJ
Dear Mr. Dobscha:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have decemined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the Current Good Manufacturing Practice requirements, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic QS inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in regulatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro , diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrfvdsma/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
Daniel C. Schultz, M.D.
Daniel G. Schultz, M.D. Captain, USPHS Acting Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure (s)
{3}------------------------------------------------
Page 1 of 1 993675 510(k) Number [if known]: Device Name: PEREGRINE™ Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System Indication for Use:
The PEREGRINE™ Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System is used in conjunction with a radiation treatment planning system to provide the dose distribution for radiation therapy treatments employing radiation sources and associated beam modifiers for clinical review and judgement prior to treating the patient. The PEREGRINE™ Radiation Therapy Dose Calculation System is intended to be used by a competent health professional such as a radiation oncologist, medical physicist, radiation therapist, or dosimetrist.
## ISE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE. CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE AS NEEDED]
Concurrence of the CDRH Office of Device Evaluation [ODE]
Prescription Use (Per 21 CFR 801.109)
OR
Over the Counter Use (Optional Format , 2 January
1996
David A. Severson
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, ENT, and Radiological Devices 510(k) Number_1
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.