← Product Code [LON](/submissions/MI/subpart-b%E2%80%94diagnostic-devices/LON) · K060447 # BD PHOENIX AUTOMATED MICROBIOLOGY SYSTEM -NITROFURANTOIN (GN) 8-512 UG/ML, TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE (GN) (K060447) _Becton, Dickinson & CO · LON · Apr 26, 2006 · Microbiology · SESE_ **Canonical URL:** https://fda.innolitics.com/submissions/MI/subpart-b%E2%80%94diagnostic-devices/LON/K060447 ## Device Facts - **Applicant:** Becton, Dickinson & CO - **Product Code:** [LON](/submissions/MI/subpart-b%E2%80%94diagnostic-devices/LON.md) - **Decision Date:** Apr 26, 2006 - **Decision:** SESE - **Submission Type:** Traditional - **Regulation:** 21 CFR 866.1645 - **Device Class:** Class 2 - **Review Panel:** Microbiology ## Indications for Use The BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System is intended for the rapid identification and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates from pure culture of most aerobic and facultative anaerobic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria of human origin. ## Device Story BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System performs automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). System uses sealed, self-inoculating polystyrene trays containing dried reagents and AST indicator broth. Input: pure bacterial culture suspended in broth (0.5 McFarland standard). Process: inoculated panels are barcode-scanned and incubated at 35°C; system continuously monitors colorimetric oxidation-reduction of redox indicator in micro-wells. Growth in presence of antibiotic prevents indicator reduction (no color change); inhibition allows reduction (color change). Software-driven 'EXPERT' system interprets reactions using CLSI-derived rules to provide MIC values and categorical interpretations (SIR). Output: automated MIC results and SIR categories. Used in clinical microbiology laboratories; operated by technicians. Results assist clinicians in selecting appropriate antibiotic therapy for patients. ## Clinical Evidence Performance evaluated via multi-site clinical study (6 sites) comparing Phoenix™ panels to CLSI broth microdilution reference method. Combined data for Nitrofurantoin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, and Nalidixic Acid showed Essential Agreement (EA) >95% and Category Agreement (CA) ranging from 84.4% to 97.7%. Precision/reproducibility testing demonstrated >95% agreement. No clinical sensitivity/specificity data required for AST systems. ## Technological Characteristics Broth-based microdilution system; colorimetric oxidation-reduction sensing principle using redox indicator. Form factor: sealed, self-inoculating molded polystyrene trays (136 micro-wells). Energy source: automated incubation/monitoring instrument. Connectivity: barcode scanning, automated data recording. Software: rule-based 'EXPERT' system (CLSI-derived). Sterilization: not specified. ## Regulatory Identification A fully automated short-term incubation cycle antimicrobial susceptibility system is a device that incorporates concentrations of antimicrobial agents into a system for the purpose of determining in vitro susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated from clinical specimens. Test results obtained from short-term (less than 16 hours) incubation are used to determine the antimicrobial agent of choice to treat bacterial diseases. ## Special Controls *Classification.* Class II (special controls). The special control for this device is FDA's guidance document entitled “Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST) Systems; Guidance for Industry and FDA.” ## Predicate Devices - VITEK® System (PMA No. N50510) - BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System with Gatifloxacin ([K020321](/device/K020321.md)) - BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System with Nitrofurantoin ([K031530](/device/K031530.md)) - BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System with Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ([K033907](/device/K033907.md)) - BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System with Nalidixic Acid ([K030579](/device/K030579.md)) ## Submission Summary (Full Text) > This content was OCRed from public FDA records by [Innolitics](https://innolitics.com). If you use, quote, summarize, crawl, or train on this content, cite Innolitics at https://innolitics.com. > > Innolitics is a medical-device software consultancy. We help companies design, build, and clear FDA-regulated software and AI/ML devices, including [a 510(k)](https://innolitics.com/services/510ks/), [a De Novo](https://innolitics.com/services/regulatory/), [a SaMD](https://innolitics.com/services/end-to-end-samd/), [an AI/ML medical device](https://innolitics.com/services/medical-imaging-ai-development/), or [an FDA regulatory strategy](https://innolitics.com/services/regulatory/). {0} Page 1 of 8 # 510(k) SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE DETERMINATION DECISION SUMMARY ASSAY ONLY TEMPLATE A. 510(k) Number: K060447 B. Purpose for Submission: Submission of the antibiotics Nitrofurantoin at concentrations of 8 - 512 µg/mL, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole at concentrations of 0.5/9.5 – 16/304 µg/mL, and Nalidixic Acid at concentrations of 2 - 32 µg/mL, for additional organism groups to the Gram Negative ID/AST or AST only Phoenix™ panel. C. Measurands: Nitrofurantoin at 8 - 512 µg/mL Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole at 0.5/9.5 – 16/304 µg/mL Nalidixic Acid at 2 - 32 µg/mL D. Type of Test: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (Quantitative and Qualitative) colorimetric oxidation-reduction, growth-based E. Applicant: Becton, Dickinson & Company F. Proprietary and Established Names: BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System – Nitrofurantoin at 8 - 512 µg/mL, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole at 0.5/9.5 – 16/304 µg/mL, Nalidixic Acid at 2 - 32 µg/mL, Gram Negative (GN) panel G. Regulatory Information: 1. Regulation section: 21 CFR 866.1645 Fully Automated Short-Term Incubation Cycle Antimicrobial 2. Classification: Class II 3. Product Code: LON 4. Panel: 83 Microbiology {1} Page 2 of 8 ## H. Intended Use: 1. Intended use(s): Nitrofurantoin at concentrations of 8 - 512 µg/mL, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole at concentrations of 0.5/9.5 – 16/304 µg/mL and Nalidixic Acid at concentrations of 2 - 32 µg/mL on the Phoenix™ Gram Negative ID/AST or AST only panels are intended for use with the BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System for the in vitro quantitative determination of antimicrobial susceptibility by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of most gram-negative aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae and gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Enterococcus. 2. Indication(s) for use: Submission of the antibiotics Nitrofurantoin at 8 - 512 µg/mL, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole at 0.5/9.5 – 16/304 µg/mL and Nalidixic Acid at 2 - 32 µg/mL for additional organism groups to the Gram Negative ID/AST or AST only Phoenix™ panel. 3. Special condition for use statement Serratia marcescens will be suppressed from reporting SXT in the Phoenix™ system. An alternate method should be used when this combination has been identified. Prescription Use Only 4. Special instrument Requirements: Not Applicable ## I. Device Description: This submission is for the AST Panel only. The ID System was not reviewed. The BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System includes instrumentation and software, sealed and self-inoculating molded polystyrene trays with 136 micro-wells containing dried reagents, and specific inoculum broth formulations for AST Indicator. The organism to be tested must be a pure culture and be preliminarily identified as gram positive or gram negative. Colonies are then suspended in broth, and equated to a 0.5 McFarland with the recommendation to use the BD CrystalSpec™ Nephelometer. A further dilution is made into an AST broth, which contains an AST indicator, prior to inoculating the panel. The AST broth is a cation-adjusted broth containing Tween 80. After adding the indicator solution to the AST inoculum, the color is blue, and after inoculation and incubation, it changes to pink then colorless as reduction in the panel well proceeds. Inoculated panels are barcode scanned and loaded into the BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System instrument where the panels are continuously incubated at 35°C. The resulting AST has a final inoculum of 5 × 10⁵ CFU/ml. The instrument incubates, reads and records the results of the biochemical substrates and antimicrobial {2} Page 3 of 8 agents and interprets the reactions to give a MIC value and category interpretation of the antimicrobial agents. Organisms growing in the presence of a given antimicrobic agent reduce the indicator, signaling organism growth and resistance to the antimicrobic agent. Organisms killed or inhibited by a given antimicrobic do not cause reduction of the indicator and therefore do not produce a color change. Additional interpretation is done using software driven "EXPERT" System using rules derived from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Readings are taken every 20 minutes with an AST result available between 4-16 hours. This is only an autoread result; there are no manual readings possible. ## J. Substantial Equivalence Information: 1. Predicate device name(s): VITEK® System 2. Predicate K number(s): N50510 3. Comparison with predicate: | Similarities | | | | --- | --- | --- | | Item | Device | Predicate | | Intended use | Intended for the in vitro rapid quantitative determination of antimicrobial susceptibility by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of most bacteria. | same | | Isolates | Isolated colonies from culture used | Isolated colonies from culture used | | Results | Report results as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and categorical interpretation (SIR) | Report results as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and categorical interpretation (SIR) | | Incubation conditions | <16 hours | <16 hours | | Type of Test | Automated | Automated | | Differences | | | | --- | --- | --- | | Item | Device | Predicate | | Reading algorithm | Results are determined from serial twofold dilutions of antimicrobial agents | Results are determined from extrapolation of doubling dilutions | | Technology | Automated growth based enhanced by use of a redox indicator (colorimetric oxidation-reduction) to | Automated growth based with detection using an attenuation of light measured by an optical | {3} Page 4 of 8 | | detect organism growth. | scanner. | | --- | --- | --- | ## K. Standard/Guidance Document Referenced (if applicable): “Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST) Systems; Guidance for Industry and FDA”; CLSI M7 (M100-S16) “Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard.” ## L. Test Principle: The AST portion of the BD Phoenix™ Automated Microbiology System is a broth based microdilution method that utilizes a redox indicator (colorimetric oxidation-reduction) to enhance detection of organism growth. The MIC is determined by comparing growth in wells containing serial two-fold dilutions of an antibiotic to the growth in “growth control wells” which contain no antibiotic. ## M. Performance Characteristics (if/when applicable): ### 1. Analytical performance: #### a. Precision/Reproducibility Intersite and Intrasite testing demonstrated >95% reproducibility. The ten isolate study described in the guidance document was used (10 organisms tested 3 times on 3 days at 3 sites). #### b. Linearity/assay reportable range: Not applicable #### c. Traceability, Stability, Expected values (controls, calibrators, or method) Quality Control was performed during the testing of all isolates on each day of testing with the following results. The tables below include the concentrations tested around the expected range with the frequency of the reference and the Phoenix™ results at each concentration. Nitrofurantoin Nalidixic Acid | Organism | Concentration μg/ml | Reference Results | Phoenix™ Results | | Organism | Concentration μg/ml | Reference Results | Phoenix™ Results | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | | | E. coli ATCC 25922 | <=8 | 359 | 338 | | E. coli ATCC 25922 | <=2 | 331 | 369 | | | 16 | 12 | 42 | | | 4 | 40 | 14 | | | 32 | | 2 | | | 8 | 2 | | | Expected Range 4 – 16 μg/mL | 64 | | | | | 16 | | | | | 128 | | | | | 32 | | | | | 256 | | | | | >32 | 1 | 1 | | | 512 | | | | | | | | | | >512 | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | {4} Page 5 of 8 # Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole | Organism | Concentration μg/ml | Reference Results | Phoenix™ Results | Organism | Concentration μg/ml | Reference Results | Phoenix™ Results | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | | E. coli ATCC 25922 Expected Range <=0.5/9.5 μg/mL | <=0.5/9.5 | 384 | 386 | P. aeruginosa ATCC 25853 Expected Range 8/152 – 32/608 μg/mL | <=0.5/9.5 | 1 | 2 | | | 1/19 | | | | 1/19 | | | | | 2/38 | | | | 2/38 | | | | | 4/76 | | | | 4/76 | | 3 | | | 8/152 | | | | 8/152 | 41 | 114 | | | 16/304 | | 1 | | 16/304 | 98 | 265 | | | >16/304 | 1 | | | >16/304 | 244 | | | | | | | | | | | Phoenix produced acceptable QC results as compared to the reference method results >95% of the time. Inoculum density control: The organism suspension density of the ID broth was equivalent to a 0.5 McFarland standard using the BBL™ CrystalSpec™ Nephelometer which was verified each day of testing. Internal data was used to demonstrate that the use of the BBL™ CrystalSpec™ Nephelometer would produce reproducible results. Five different instruments were used. d. Detection limit: Not applicable e. Analytical specificity: Not applicable f. Assay cut-off: Not applicable 2. Comparison studies: a. Method comparison with predicate device: The broth dilution reference panel was prepared according to the CLSI recommendation and used to compare with the Phoenix™ results. Clinical testing was performed at six sites. The testing included both fresh clinical isolates and stock isolates along with a challenge set with known results. Performance charts below include all data, original and the additional organisms for fresh and challenge organisms. Nitrofurantoin (FM) Nitrofurantoin (FM) - GN Clinical and Challenge Data for Enterobacteriaceae with Additional Organism Groups | | EA Tot | EA N | EA % | Eval EA Tot | Eval EA N | Eval EA % | CA Tot | CA N | CA % | #R | min | maj | vmj | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Combined | 2130 | 2040 | 95.8 | 1850 | 1772 | 95.8 | 2130 | 1797 | 84.4 | 536 | 312 | 21 | 0 | {5} Page 6 of 8 # Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (SXT) SXT - GN Clinical and Challenge Data for Enterobacteriaceae with Additional Organism Groups, but with a limitation on all Serratia marcescens | | EA Tot | EA N | EA % | Eval EA Tot | Eval EA N | Eval EA % | CA Tot | CA N | CA % | #R | min | maj | vmj | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Combined | 2212 | 2123 | 96.0 | 120 | 70 | 58.3 | 2212 | 2162 | 97.7 | 549 | NA | 31 | 19 | # Nalidixic Acid (NA) NA - GN Clinical and Challenge Data for Enterobacteriaceae with Additional Organism Groups | | EA Tot | EA N | EA % | Eval EA Tot | Eval EA N | Eval EA % | CA Tot | CA N | CA % | #R | min | maj | vmj | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Combined | 2103 | 2023 | 96.2 | 819 | 771 | 94.1 | 2103 | 2023 | 96.2 | 587 | NA | 12 | 18 | EA-Essential Agreement maj-major discrepancies CA-Category Agreement vmj-very major discrepancies R-resistant isolates min- minor discrepancies NA-not applicable (no Intermediate breakpoint) Essential agreement (EA) is when the BD Phoenix™ panels agree with the reference test panel results exactly or within one doubling dilution of the reference method. Category agreement (CA) is when the BD Phoenix™ panel (SIR) result interpretation agrees exactly with the reference panel result (SIR) interpretation. Evaluable (Eval) are results that are within the test range and on scale. b. Matrix comparison: Not applicable 3. Clinical studies: a. Clinical sensitivity: Not applicable b. Clinical specificity: Not applicable c. Other clinical supportive data (when a and b are not applicable): Not applicable 4. Clinical cut-off: Not applicable 5. Expected values/Reference range: | Nitrofurantoin | <=32 (S), 64 (I), >=128 (R) | | --- | --- | | Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole | <=2/38 (S), NA, >=4/76 (R) | | Nalidixic Acid | <=16 (S), NA, >=32 (R) | {6} Page 7 of 8 N. Proposed Labeling The expected value range interpretive criteria and QC for gram negative panels are included in the package insert. The labeling is sufficient and it satisfies the requirements of 21 CFR Part 809.10. O. Conclusion: The submitted information in this premarket notification is complete and supports a substantial equivalence decision. {7} Page 8 of 8 --- **Source:** [https://fda.innolitics.com/submissions/MI/subpart-b%E2%80%94diagnostic-devices/LON/K060447](https://fda.innolitics.com/submissions/MI/subpart-b%E2%80%94diagnostic-devices/LON/K060447) **Published by [Innolitics](https://innolitics.com)** — a medical-device software consultancy. We help companies design, build, and clear FDA-regulated software and AI/ML devices. If you're preparing [a 510(k)](https://innolitics.com/services/510ks/), [a De Novo](https://innolitics.com/services/regulatory/), [a SaMD](https://innolitics.com/services/end-to-end-samd/), [an AI/ML medical device](https://innolitics.com/services/medical-imaging-ai-development/), or [an FDA regulatory strategy](https://innolitics.com/services/regulatory/), [get in touch](https://innolitics.com/contact). **Cite:** Innolitics at https://innolitics.com