K012511 · Biolase Technology, Inc. · MXF · Jan 18, 2002 · Dental
Device Facts
Record ID
K012511
Device Name
WATERLASE MILLENNIUM
Applicant
Biolase Technology, Inc.
Product Code
MXF · Dental
Decision Date
Jan 18, 2002
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 872.4120
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Therapeutic
Indications for Use
Tooth preparation to obtain access to the root canal Pulpotomy Pulp extirpation Pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy Root canal debridement and cleaning Root canal preparation including enlargement
Device Story
Waterlase Millennium is an Er,Cr:YSGG laser system for dental procedures. Hard tissue applications utilize laser energy combined with water atomization to cut, remove, roughen, and etch tissue. Soft tissue applications use direct laser energy for incision, excision, or ablation, with water spray for hydration and cooling. Operated by clinicians in a dental setting via a flexible fiberoptic handpiece with visible aiming light. Power output, pulse energy, repetition rate, and air/water flow are user-adjustable. Output allows for precise tissue management, replacing or augmenting traditional mechanical endodontic tools, potentially improving procedural efficiency and patient outcomes.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data provided. Substantial equivalence is based on equivalent performance specifications, intended uses, and comparison to established dental laser products and endodontic files.
Technological Characteristics
Er,Cr:YSGG laser system. Features adjustable power output, pulse energy, repetition rate, and air/water flow rates. Delivery via flexible fiberoptic handpiece with visible aiming light. Employs water atomization technology for hard tissue and hydration/cooling for soft tissue.
Indications for Use
Indicated for dental patients requiring root canal access, pulpotomy, pulp extirpation, root canal debridement, cleaning, and preparation/enlargement. Contraindicated for patients with specific medical conditions including local/topical anesthetic allergies, heart disease, lung disease, bleeding disorders, sleep apnea, or immune system deficiency.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A bone cutting instrument and accessories is a metal device intended for use in reconstructive oral surgery to drill or cut into the upper or lower jaw and may be used to prepare bone to insert a wire, pin, or screw. The device includes the manual bone drill and wire driver, powered bone drill, rotary bone cutting handpiece, and AC-powered bone saw.
{0}------------------------------------------------
# 510(k) Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Information
| Regulatory<br>Authority: | Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990,<br>21 CFR 807.92 | |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|
| Company: | BioLase Technology, Inc. | |
| | 981 Calle Amanecer | |
| | San Clemente, CA 92673 | |
| Contact: | Ms. Ioana M. Rizoiu | |
| | BioLase Technology, Inc. | |
| | 981 Calle Amanecer | |
| | San Clemente, CA 92673 | |
| | (949) 361-1200 | (949) 361-0204 Fax |
| Trade Name: | Waterlase Millennium ® | |
| Common Name: | Er,Cr:YSGG laser | |
| Classification Name: | Surgical laser instrument | |
| Classification Code: | 79 GEX | |
| Equivalent Devices: | | |
| BioLase Technology, Inc. | | Twilite™<br>Millennium ® |
| Premier Laser Systems | | Aurora™ |
| Tycom Dental | | Quantec Series 2000 Files |
| Tulsa Dental | | Tri Auto ZX |
## Device Description:
The Waterlase Millennium dental laser system may be used to perform several dental applications. For hard tissue procedures the Waterlase Millennium utilizes the Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser in combination with advanced water atomization technology to cut, remove, roughen and etch tissues. Soft tissue procedures are performed using a different mode of operation where direct Er,Cr.YSGG laser energy is applied to incise, excise or ablate the tissues. In soft tissue
{1}------------------------------------------------
procedures the water spray is applied for hydration, cooling or to keep tissues clean. A flexible fiberoptic handpiece delivers the Waterlase Millennium laser energy. A visible light emitted from the handpiece distal end pinpoints the area of treatment. In both hard and soft tissue applications the power output, pulse energy, repetition rate and air and water flow rates are adjustable to specific user requirements.
Please refer to the User Manual, section 8 Applications', for detailed instructions on how to use the Waterlase Millennium device.
### Indications for Use:
Tooth preparation to obtain access to the root canal Pulpotomy Pulp extirpation Pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy Root canal debridement and cleaning Root canal preparation including enlargement
#### Cautions and Contraindications:
All clinical procedures performed with Waterlase Millennium must be subjected to the same clinical judgement and care as with traditional techniques. Patient risk must always be considered and fully understood before clinical treatment. The clinician must completely understand the patient's medical history prior to treatment. Exercise caution for general medical conditions that might contraindicate a local procedure. Such conditions may include allergy to local or topical anesthetics, heart disease, lung disease, bleeding disorders, sleep apnea or an immune system deficiency. Medical clearance from patient's physician is advisable when doubt exists regarding treatment.
### Substantial Equivalence:
There are no unique applications, indications, materials or specifications presented herein. For all the soft tissue indications for use, Waterlase Millennium is substantially equivalent to several erbium laser systems and diode laser systems cleared by the FDA. Equivalent devices include: BioLase, Twilite (K991994, for oral soft tissues including pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy): Premier, Aurora (K981379, for pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy); BioLase, Millennium (K980585 and K990219 for hard tissue applications); Tycom Dental, Quantec Series 2000 Endodontic Files (K962031 for root canal
{2}------------------------------------------------
preparation) and Tulsa Dental Products, Tri Auto ZX (K970339 for endodontic treatment to enlarge root canals).
# Conclusion:
Waterlase Millennium is substantially equivalent to several available, established dental laser products and endodontic files driven by rotary handpieces. Waterlase Millennium performs the same indications for use through the same cutting modalities as other laser devices and endodontic files.
· Evidence of equivalence has been demonstrated through:
- · Equivalent performance specifications
- Promotional materials for equivalent systems
- · Equivalent intended uses
{3}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/3/Picture/12 description: The image shows the seal of the Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) of the United States. The seal is circular and contains the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES • USA" around the perimeter. In the center of the seal is an emblem featuring a stylized depiction of an eagle or bird with three wing-like shapes, which is a common symbol associated with the HHS.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
JAN 1 8 2002
BioLase Technology, Inc. Iona Rizoiu Vice President Clinical Research and Development 981 Calle Amanecer San Clemente, California 92673
Re: K012511
Trade Name: Waterlase Millennium@ Regulation Number: 807.92 Regulation Name: Surgical Laser Instrument Regulatory Class: II Product Code: MXF; GEX Dated: November 12, 2001 Received: November 15, 2001
Dear Ms. Rizoiu:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
{4}------------------------------------------------
Page 2 - Ms. Ioana Rizoiu
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) I mis icter will anow you to ough finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally premarket notication. The PDF misting of cation for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and If you desire specific advice to: you invitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of additionally 21 CF F Fart 007.10 for minutes for questions on the promotion and advertising of Compliance at (301) 594-1097 Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the your device, prodo of thereading by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Oincl general information on Jour respectional and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html
Sincerely yours,
Mark N. Mellema
Celia M. Witten, Ph.D., M.D. Director Division of General, Restorative and Neurological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{5}------------------------------------------------
Page 1 of 1
510(k) Number (if known):
WaterLase Millennium® Device Name:
Indications for Use:
Tooth preparation to obtain access to root canal Pulpotomy Pulp extirpation r ulp oxtrpation
Pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy Root canal debridement and cleaning Root canal preparation including enlargement
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
or
| Prescription Use | <span style="text-decoration: overline;">X</span> |
|------------------|---------------------------------------------------|
|------------------|---------------------------------------------------|
Over-The-Counter-Use
Mark A Millhum
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of General, Restorative and Neurological Devices તે કે
5 %) Number
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.