K030917 · Collins Medical, Inc. · BZG · May 14, 2003 · Anesthesiology
Device Facts
Record ID
K030917
Device Name
GEM; HAWK; EAGLE; MODELS 004110, 0044120, 004130
Applicant
Collins Medical, Inc.
Product Code
BZG · Anesthesiology
Decision Date
May 14, 2003
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Special
Regulation
21 CFR 868.1840
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Pediatric
Indications for Use
The EAGLE is intended to be used for diagnostic use in the treatment of pulmonary illnesses with an intended use and indication for use as a configurable, non-invasive pulmonary function tester (PFT) testing system. The EAGLE is indicated for use in: pulmonary function testing.
Device Story
EAGLE is a configurable, non-invasive pulmonary function test (PFT) system. It utilizes a pneumotach (bi-directional, single-screen) and pressure transducers to measure airflow; gas analyzers (infrared for CO, CO2, CH4; electrochemical for O2) measure gas concentrations. Device operates via 115-240 VAC power. Used in clinical settings by healthcare professionals to assess pulmonary function. Output data assists clinicians in diagnosing and treating pulmonary illnesses. System performance adheres to ATS standards for spirometry and single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Bench testing only. Performance validated against ATS (American Thoracic Society) 1994/1995 standards for spirometry and single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity. Technical specifications verified for flow range, volume accuracy (+/- 3%), and gas analyzer response times/accuracy.
Technological Characteristics
System includes pneumotach (single-screen, pressure differential) and gas analyzers (infrared for CO, CO2, CH4; electrochemical for O2). Power: 115-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz. Compliance: UL 2601-1, EN 60601-1, IEC 60601-1-1, CSA 22.2 No. 1, IEC 60601-1-2. Performance standards: ATS 1994/1995. Calibration via 3-liter syringe.
Indications for Use
Indicated for pulmonary function testing in pediatric and adult patients. Used for diagnostic purposes in the treatment of pulmonary illnesses.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A diagnostic spirometer is a device used in pulmonary function testing to measure the volume of gas moving in or out of a patient's lungs.
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# MAY 1 4 2003
### 510(k) SUMMARY
#### Collins Medical, Inc.'s EAGLE
# Submitter's Name, Address, Telephone Number, Contact Person and Date Prepared
Collins Medical, Inc. 220 Wood Road Braintree, MA 02184
Phone: 781-843-0610 Facsimile: 781-843-4024
Contact Person: Donald Henton
March 21, 2003 Date Prepared:
#### Common or Usual Name EAGLE (Diffusion Spirometer)
| Classification Name | Spirometer, Diagnostic |
|---------------------|------------------------|
|---------------------|------------------------|
| Predicate Devices | Collins CPL - K992743 |
|-------------------|-----------------------|
| | Collins GEM - K030464 |
#### Intended Use
The EAGLE is intended to be used for diagnostic use in the treatment of pulmonary illnesses with an intended use and indication for use as a configurable, non-invasive pulmonary function tester (PFT) testing system. The EAGLE is indicated for use in: pulmonary function testing.
Attachment 5 - 1
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# Technological Characteristics and Substantial Equivalence
Electrical: A medical grade switching power supply is used that operates on 115-240 VAC 50-60 Hz, at 3.15 Amps.
Weight: 19 lbs., 8.6 Kg
Spirometer: The pneumotach is a single-screen bi-directional device that is used in conjunction with commercially available pressure transducers. Resistance is < 1.4 cmH2O/L/Sec @ 14 L/Sec. Volume accuracy is +/- 3%, and it is calibrated by using a known volume displacement device 3-liter syringe as a standard.
GEMtach
Type: Single screen pressure differential Linearity: 2% Resistance: < 0.5 cmH2O/L/Sec @, 14 L/Sec Accuracy: +/- 3% Flow Range: +/- 15 L/Sec
Gas Analyzers: The analyzers consist of a fast-response Infrared analyzer for the measurement of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4), and an electrochemical sensor for fast-response oxygen (O2) measurement. Calibration is accomplished by setting the span with known gas concentrations. In production, step responses, linearity, noise, and drift parameters are monitored, and the pass/fail criteria are identical to that of the GEM.
Multi-Gas Type: Infrared CO, CH4 Range: 0-3000 ppm CO2 Range: 0-15% Response: < 100 ms Sample Rate: 100 Hz Accuracy: 1% Linearity: < 1% Noise < 1% full scale
Oxygen Type: Electrochemical Range: 0.1-100% O2 Accuracy: 1% Response 80 ms
Attachment 5 - 2
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#### Conformity to Recognized Standards
Electrical safety: UL 2601-1, EN 60601-1, IEC 60601-1-1, and CSA 22.2 No. 1 Emissions and Immunity: IEC 60601-1-2 Performance: ATS American Thoracic Society Standardization of Spirometry 1994 Update, Am J Respir Crit Care Med Vol 152. (1995)
> ATS American Thoracic Society Single-breath Carbon Monoxide Diffusing Capacity (Transfer Factor) Recommendations for a Standard Technique - 1995 Update, Am J Respir Crit Care Med Vol 152. (1995)
#### Substantial Equivalence
The Collins EAGLE has the same intended use and indications, principle of operation, technological characteristics, and is substantially equivalent in safety and effectiveness to the former marketed predicate devices with respect to its intended use.
Attachment 5 - 3
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Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
MAY 1 4 2003
Mr. Donald Henton Quality System Manager Collins Medical, Incorporated 220 Wood Road Braintree, Massachusetts 02184-2403
Re: K030917
Trade/Device Name: EAGLE Regulation Number: 21 CFR 868.1840 Regulation Name: Diagnostic Spirometer Regulatory Class: II Product Code: BZG Dated: April 17, 2003 Received: April 18, 2003
Dear Mr. Henton:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Page 2 - Mr. Henton
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4646. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html
Sincerely yours.
Patricia Ciccone/for
Susan Runner, DDS, MA Interim Director Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Infection Control and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Indications for Use Form
510(k) Number (if known):_K030917
Device Name: EAGLE
Indications for Use: The Collins EAGLE (Diffusion Spirometer)is a Pulmonary Function Test System. is intended as a configurable, non-invasive pulmonary function tester (PFT) testing system. These tests are suitable for both pediatric and adult patient testing.
### (PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE -- CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
| Prescription Use | <div style="display:inline-block;">✓</div> |
|------------------|--------------------------------------------|
|------------------|--------------------------------------------|
C
(Per 21 C.F.R. 801.109)
OR
Over-The-Counter
(Optional Format 1-2-96)
fothwh
510(k) Number
Special 510(k)
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.