The NT2000 is used for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic (long term) intractable pain and as an adjunctive treatment in the management of post surgical and post traumatic acute pain problems by providing transcutaneous electrical pulses to areas of the body that require therapy for the indicated medical conditions. This use is identical to the predicate marketed device identified in section (3) of this summary. The NT2000 is also used for the purposes of relaxation of muscle spasms, prevention or retardation of disuse atrophy, increasing local blood circulation, muscle re-education, immediate post-surgical stimulation of calf muscles to prevent venous thrombosis and maintaining or increasing range of motion by providing electrical muscle stimulation to areas of the body that require therapy for the indicated medical conditions. These uses were previously cleared under FDA 510(k) # K933176.
Device Story
NT2000 is a compact, battery-powered transcutaneous electrical nerve and muscle stimulator; features two independent channels. Clinician programs device using detachable keypad (NT2000C); patient uses device without keypad. Programmable parameters: frequency, pulse width, contraction/relaxation/ramp times, amplitude limit, channel delay. Programmable modes: synchronous/alternate, extended/sub-pulse, monophasic/biphasic, single/dual frequency, load sensing, audio, trigger, dual program. Patient can adjust amplitude and override contraction/relaxation cycles via external trigger or override feature. Device records usage data for clinician compliance evaluation. Output delivered via surface electrodes; impedance-based transformer design ensures near net zero charge to skin. Used in clinical or home settings to manage pain and muscle conditions.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical testing was performed for this 510(k) notification. Evidence is based on bench testing of stimulation output parameters and compliance with electrical/mechanical safety standards.
Technological Characteristics
Portable, battery-powered TENS/EMS device. Two-channel output. Impedance-based transformer design for charge control. Detachable keypad (NT2000C) for programming. Conforms to IEC 601-1 (electrical safety), IEC 601-1-2 (EMC), and AAMI/ANSI NS4 #3.2.3.2 (1985).
Indications for Use
Indicated for symptomatic relief/management of chronic intractable pain; adjunctive treatment for post-surgical/post-traumatic acute pain; relaxation of muscle spasms; prevention/retardation of disuse atrophy; muscle re-education; increasing local blood circulation; maintaining/increasing range of motion; and immediate post-surgical stimulation of calf muscles to prevent venous thrombosis.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator for pain relief is a device used to apply an electrical current to electrodes on a patient's skin to treat pain.
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## 510(k) Summary of Safety and Effectiveness
This summary is submitted in compliance with the FDA interim rule 21 CFR 807.92.
| (a) | (1) | Submitted by: | Bio-Medical Research Ltd.,<br>BMR House,<br>16 Merchants Road,<br>Galway.<br>Republic of Ireland |
|-----|-----|------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| | | | Telephone: + 353 91 507300<br>Fax: + 353 91 566907 |
| | | Contact Person: | Isaac Finnegan |
| | | Position/ Title: | Regulatory Affairs Manager |
| | | Date of preparation: | 6 <sup>th</sup> June, 1997 |
| | (2) | Trade name of device: | NT2000 |
| | | Common name: | TENS |
| | | Classification name: | Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator<br>for pain relief; §882.5890 |
| | (3) | Identification of predicate<br>or legally marketed device: | Bio Tens Model: ST-601<br>(Skylark Device Co. Ltd., 510(k) # K912178) |
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## (4) Description of device:
The NT2000 is a compact, battery powered transcutaneous electrical nerve and electronic muscle stimulator. Two channels are available on the NT2000. Each channel operates independently and if desired they may be used simultaneously. The clinician may set up to two prescribed programs from a list of defined programs for use by the patient. The parameters and options for two programs are variable. One option (dual program), the Rx and total treatment times may be set for all of the programs. The programmable parameters are frequency, pulse width, contraction time, relaxation time, ramp up time, ramp down time, amplitude limit and channel delay. The programmable options are synchronous or alternate mode, extended pulse or sub_pulse mode, monophasic or biphasic mode, single or dual frequency, load sensing on or off, audio off or on, trigger mode off or on and dual program off or on. The NT2000 is programmed using a detachable keypad connector called the NT2000C. The clinician may use the NT2000 with the NT2000C interlocked but it is generally designed for use without the NT2000C by the patient. The patient may use the selected program or another available program if provided. The patient may over ride the contraction/ relaxation cycle using an optional external trigger (if provided) or by using the override feature. The patient may also increase and decrease the amplitude of the stimulus. Use of the device is recorded internally, allowing the clinician to evaluate compliance with the prescribed treatment regimen.
- (5) Intended uses:
The NT2000 is used for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic (long term) intractable pain and as an adjunctive treatment in the management of post surgical and post traumatic acute pain problems by providing transcutaneous electrical pulses to areas of the body that require therapy for the indicated medical conditions. This use is identical to the predicate marketed device identified in section (3) of this summary.
The NT2000 is also used for the purposes of relaxation of muscle spasms, prevention or retardation of disuse atrophy, increasing local blood circulation, muscle re-education, immediate post-surgical stimulation of calf muscles to prevent venous thrombosis and maintaining or increasing range of motion by providing electrical muscle stimulation to areas of the body that require therapy for the indicated medical conditions. These uses were previously cleared under FDA 510(k) # K933176.
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- (6) Technological comparison
The NT2000 is similar to the Bio Tens Model: ST-601 in that both are portable, compact battery powered TENS devices. Both devices deliver similar pulses to surface electrodes. Both devices are similar in basic operational design and use the impedance of the output transformer to achieve a near net zero charge into the skin. The NT2000 is effectively a more user controllable device which indicates patient compliance.
- (b) Non-clinical tests: (1)
Comparisons of stimulation outputs for the NT2000 and the predicate Bio Tens Model: ST-601 show similar results. To minimize potential electrical and mechanical hazards, Bio-Medical Research adheres to recognised and established industry practice and all devices are subject to final performance testing. The NT2000 is designed and tested to the electrical of IEC 601-1, the electromagnetic compatibility requirements requirements of IEC 601-1-2. The NT2000 also conforms to AAMI/ANSI NS4 #3.2.3.2. 1985.
- (2) Clinical tests:
No clinical testing was performed for the purpose of this 510(k) Premarket Notification.
- (3) Test conclusions:
Testing of the stimulation output parameters of the NT2000 indicate that the device is safe, that it provides appropriate stimulation output for effective relief of chronic pain and that it performs as well as or better than the legally marketed predicate device identified in section (3) of this Summary.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle with three stripes forming its wing and tail. The words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" are arranged in a circular fashion around the eagle.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
FEB 2 7 1998
Dr. Greg Shipp Bio-Reg Associates, Inc. Representing Bio-Medical Research Limited 14900 Sweitzer Lane, Suite 200 Laurel, Maryland 20707
K972244 Re: Trade Name: NT2000 Regulatory Class: II Product Code: GZJ December 12, 1997 Dated: December 15, 1997 Received:
Dear Dr. Shipp:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions The general controls provisions of the Act of the Act. include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent-determination-assumes-compliance with-----the current Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic (QS) inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP requlation may result in regulatory In addition, FDA may publish further announcements action. concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
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## Page 2 - Dr. Greg Shipp
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510 (k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4659. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
ia M. Witten, Ph.D., M.D. & Ce Director Division of General and Restorative Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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## Indications for Use Statement
510(k) Number (if known): Not Available
Device Name: NT2000 Sponsor Name: Bio-Medical Research Ltd.
Indications for Use:
The NT2000 is indicated for:
- Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for the symptomatic relief and a) management of chronic (long term) intractable pain and as an adjunctive treatment in the management of post surgical and post traumatic acute pain problems.
- b) Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation for the purposes of relaxation of muscle spasm, prevention or retardation of disuse muscle atrophy, muscle re-education, increase local blood circulation, maintain or increase range of motion, immediate post-surgical stimulation of calf muscles to prevent venous thrombosis.
Do Not Write Below This Line - Continue on Another Page if Needed
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
pcoell
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory,
and Neurological Devices
510(k) Number
K972244
Prescription Use Over-The-Counter Use
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.
