The Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump (Model W1) is a powered breast pump intended to be used by lactating women to express and collect milk from their breasts. It is intended for a single user.
Device Story
Wearable, battery-powered breast pump for single-user home use; expresses milk by creating a vacuum seal around the nipple via a flange. Device utilizes an embedded control program to manage suction levels and cycling rates across four modes: Stimulation, Expression, Hybrid, and Auto. User interface allows adjustment of vacuum levels and activation of a hot compress function. Milk is collected in an integrated collector; a backflow protection membrane prevents milk from entering the vacuum system. Powered by an internal rechargeable lithium-ion polymer battery. Healthcare provider does not operate the device; user controls settings based on personal comfort and milk expression needs. Output is expressed breast milk for storage or feeding. Device benefits include portable, hands-free milk expression and warming functionality to assist in the collection process.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Substantial equivalence supported by bench testing, including biocompatibility (ISO 10993-5, -10, -23), electrical safety (IEC 60601-1, IEC 62133-2, IEC 60601-1-11), electromagnetic compatibility (IEC 60601-1-2), software verification/validation, and performance testing (vacuum/cycle verification, backflow protection, use-life, battery performance, and hot compress temperature testing).
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**FDA** **U.S. FOOD & DRUG**
ADMINISTRATION
June 9, 2026
Shenzhen TPH Technology Co., Ltd.
Dale WANG
Regulatory Affairs Engineer
Rm. 203, 2nd Floor, 29th Bldg., Lianchuang Technology Park,
# 21 Bulan Rd., Xialilang Community, Nanwan St., Longgang District
Shenzhen, 518000
China
Re: K260864
Trade/Device Name: Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump
Regulation Number: 21 CFR§ 884.5160
Regulation Name: Powered Breast Pump
Regulatory Class: II
Product Code: HGX
Dated: March 16, 2026
Received: March 17, 2026
Dear Dale WANG:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
U.S. Food & Drug Administration
10903 New Hampshire Avenue
Silver Spring, MD 20993
www.fda.gov
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K260864 - Dale WANG
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Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled 'Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device' (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and 'Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device' (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality Management System Regulation (QMSR) (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, ISO 13485 clause 7.3 (Design controls), ISO 13485 clause 8.3 (Nonconforming product), ISO 13485 clause 8.5.2 (Corrective action), and ISO 13485 clause 8.5.3 (Preventative action). Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QMSR requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (ISO 13485 clause 7.3 and ISO 13485 clause 7.5) and document changes and approvals in the Medical Device File (ISO 13485 clause 4.2.3).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reporting-combination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the Quality Management System Regulation (QMSR) (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ('UDI Rule'). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, 'Misbranding by reference to premarket notification' (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reporting-mdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
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K260864 - Dale WANG
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For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
VASUDHA C. SHUKLA -S
For
Monica D. Garcia, Ph.D.
Assistant Director
DHT3B: Division of Reproductive,
Gynecology, and Urology Devices
OHT3: Office of Gastrorenal, ObGyn,
General Hospital, and Urology Devices
Office of Product Evaluation and Quality
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
Form Approved: OMB No. 0910-0120
Expiration Date: 07/31/2026
See PRA Statement below.
# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known)
K260864
Device Name
Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump
Indications for Use (Describe)
The Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump (Model W1) is a powered breast pump intended to be used by lactating women to express and collect milk from their breasts. It is intended for a single user.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
☐ Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
☑ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
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# 510(k) Summary – K260864
**Company:** Shenzhen TPH Technology Co., Ltd.
### 1. Submitter
**Address:** Room 203, 2$^{nd}$ floor, 29$^{th}$ Building, Lianchuang Technology Park, No.21 Bulan Road, Xialilang Community, Nanwan Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, China 518000
**Tel.:** 86-19129492601
**Name:** Dale WANG
**Position Title:** Regulatory Affairs Engineer
### Contact Person
**Company:** Shenzhen TPH Technology Co., Ltd.
**Tel.:** 86-19129492601
**Email:** dale@tph-tech.com
### Date Prepared
June 1, 2026
**Device Name:** Mother’s Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump
**Device Model:** W1
**Common Name:** Powered breast pump
### 2. Device Information
**Regulation Number:** 21 CFR 884.5160
**Regulation Name:** Powered breast pump
**Product Code:** HGX (Pump, Breast, Powered)
**Classification Panel:** Obstetrics/Gynecology
**Regulatory Class:** Class II
**Manufacturer:** Shenzhen TPH Technology Co., Ltd.
### 3. Predicate Device Information
**Predicate Device Name:** Wearable Breast Pump (Model W6)
**Model:** W6
**510(k) Number:** K250383
The predicate device has not been subject to a design-related recall.
### 4. Device Description
The Mother’s Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump (Model W1) is powered breast pump intended to be used by lactating women to express and collect milk from their breasts. It is intended for a single user. The Mother’s Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump is breast pump powered by lithium battery, utilizing an embedded control program to manage all device functions. The main components of these pumps include: Pump motor, Valve, Control board, and Milk collector. The user interface allows the user to switch from Stimulation, Expression, Hybrid and Auto modes and control the vacuum levels within those modes.
All available modes consist of 12 suction levels. The Mother’s Nature W1 Warming Wearable
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Breast Pump is capable of providing vacuum levels from 40-150 mmHg with cycling rates from 72-133 cycles per minute in Stimulation mode, vacuum levels from 80-245 mmHg with cycling rates from 16-103 cycles per minute in Expression mode, vacuum levels from 40-245 mmHg with cycling rates from 32-113 cycles per minute in Hybrid mode, and vacuum levels from 40-245 mmHg with cycling rates from 31-133 cycles per minute in Auto mode. The motor unit operates on embedded software. Software updates by end-users are not supported. The subject devices are for repeated use by a single user in a home environment. The device is provided non-sterile.
The Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump is powered by an internal rechargeable lithium-ion polymer battery and charged with a 5 V DC USB adaptor (not included with the device). The motor unit does not function when charging.
The breast pump expresses milk by creating a seal around the nipple using the Flange and applying and releasing suction to the nipple. The milk is collected in a Milk collector, which can be used for storage. To prevent milk from flowing into the vacuum system, a back flow protection membrane physically separates the milk-contacting pathway from the vacuum system.
All other components (i.e., motor unit/housing) of the subject devices are not in contact with the breast. All milk contacting components are compliant with 21 CFR 174-179.
# 5. Indications for Use
The Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump (Model W1) is a powered breast pump intended to be used by lactating women to express and collect milk from their breasts. It is intended for a single user.
# 6. Comparison of Intended Use and Technological Characteristics of the Subject Device and Predicate Device
The table below compares the intended use and technological characteristics of the subject and predicate device.
Table 1. Comparison between Subject Device and Predicate Device
| Item | Subject Device Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump (Model W1) | Predicate Device Wearable Breast Pump (Model W6) K250383 | Comment |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Device Classification Name | Pump, Breast, Powered | Pump, Breast, Powered | Same |
| Classification | Class II | Class II | Same |
| Regulation No. | 21 CFR 884.5160 | 21 CFR 884.5160 | Same |
| Product Code | HGX | HGX | Same |
| Patient Population | Lactating women | Lactating women | Same |
| Indications for Use | The Mother's Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump(Model W1) is a powered | The Wearable Breast Pump (Model W6) is a powered breast pump intended to be | Same |
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| | breast pump intended to be used by lactating women to express and collect milk from their breasts. It is intended for a single user. | used by lactating women to express and collect milk from their breasts. It is intended for a single user. | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pump Options | Single | Single | Same |
| Cycling Control Mechanism | Micro controller | Micro controller | Same |
| Backflow Protection | YES | YES | Same |
| Suction Modes | Stimulation mode Expression mode Hybrid mode Auto mode | Stimulation mode Expression mode Massage mode Auto mode | Different |
| Suction Levels | 12 | 12 | Same |
| Single User | Yes | Yes | Same |
| Hot Compress Function | Yes | Yes | Same |
| Vacuum Range (Stimulation mode) | 40-150 mmHg | 40-120 mmHg | Different |
| Vacuum Range (Expression mode) | 80-245 mmHg | 105-245 mmHg | Different |
| Vacuum Range (Massage mode) | None | 40-150 mmHg | Different |
| Vacuum Range (Hybrid mode) | 40-245 mmHg | None | Different |
| Vacuum Range (Auto mode) | 40-245 mmHg | 40-245 mmHg | Same |
| Cycle Speed (Stimulation mode) | 72-133 cycles/minute | 90-143 cycles/minute | Different |
| Cycle Speed (Expression mode) | 16-103 cycles/minute | 30-105 cycles/minute | Different |
| Cycle Speed (Massage mode) | None | 87-128 cycles/minute | Different |
| Cycle Speed (Hybrid mode) | 32-113 cycles/minute | None | Different |
| Cycle Speed (Auto mode) | 31-133 cycles/minute | 30-143 cycles/minute | Different |
| Controls | On-Off switch/pause, Vacuum adjustment, | On-Off switch/mode change, Vacuum adjustment, | Similar |
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| | Mode change/Hot compress switch button, Night light button | Hot compress switch button/pause | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Power Supply | Li-ion battery | Li-ion battery | Same |
| Indicators | Yes, LED | Yes, LED | Similar |
| Design | Wearable pump with combined Milk collector and Flange | Wearable pump with combined Milk collector and Flange | Same |
The indications for use of the subject and predicate devices are similar, and both devices have the same intended use (i.e., for collection of breast milk from the breasts of lactating women).
The subject and predicate devices have similar technological features, including wearable operation, power supply, and user interface. However, as shown in the table above, there are technological differences between the subject and predicate devices, including different overall vacuum/cycle specifications and available modes. The different technological characteristics of the subject device, as compared to the predicate device, do not raise different questions of safety and effectiveness and can be evaluated through performance testing.
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## 7. Summary of Non-Clinical Performance Testing
The following performance data were provided in support of the substantial equivalence determination:
### Biocompatibility Testing
Biocompatibility testing was conducted in accordance with the 2023 FDA guidance document Use of International Standard ISO 10993-1, “Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices – Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process.” The biological evaluation included the following testing conducted on the finished device:
- Cytotoxicity – evaluated in accordance with ISO 10993-5:2009
- Sensitization – evaluated in accordance with ISO 10993-10:2021
- Irritation – evaluated in accordance with ISO 10993-23:2021
The results of these studies demonstrated that the device is non-cytotoxic, non-sensitizing, and non-irritating, supporting the biological safety of the device for its intended use.
### Electrical Safety
Electrical Safety Testing was conducted in accordance with following standards:
- IEC 60601-1 Edition 3.2 2020-08 Medical electrical equipment – Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance),
- IEC 62133-2:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 2: Lithium systems, and
- IEC 60601-1-11 Edition 3.1 2020-07 Medical electrical equipment – Part 1-11: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance – Collateral Standard: Requirements for medical electrical equipment and medical electrical systems used in the home healthcare environment.
The results of this testing demonstrate that the device meets applicable requirements for electrical safety, battery safety, and suitability for use in the home healthcare environment, with no evidence of unacceptable risk or degradation in performance under the tested conditions.
### Electromagnetic Compatibility
Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing was conducted in accordance with IEC 60601-1-2:2014+A1:
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2020 Medical Electrical Equipment - Part 1-2: “General Requirements For Basic Safety And Essential Performance - Collateral Standard: Electromagnetic Compatibility - Requirements And Tests.” The results demonstrate that the device complies with applicable emissions and immunity requirements, and that essential performance is maintained without unacceptable degradation during exposure to electromagnetic disturbances.
## Software
Software was evaluated at the Basic Documentation level as recommended in the 2023 FDA guidance document “Content of Premarket Submissions for Device Software Functions.” The software documentation included the software description, hazard analysis, verification and validation testing, and revision history, consistent with expectations for a Basic Documentation level device. The results of software verification and validation demonstrate that the software performs as intended, with no unresolved anomalies that would impact device safety or effectiveness.
## Performance and Use Life Verification
Other performance testing was conducted to show that the device meets its design requirements and performs as intended. The performance tests include:
- Vacuum level verification testing at each mode/level demonstrated that the devices meet vacuum pressure/cycle frequency specifications.
- Backflow protection testing was conducted to verify liquid does not backflow into the motor unit.
- Use life testing was conducted to demonstrate that the devices maintain their specifications throughout their proposed use life.
- Battery performance testing was conducted to demonstrate that the battery remains functional during its stated battery use-life.
- Battery status indicator testing was conducted to demonstrate that the battery status indicator remains functional during its stated use-life.
- Hot Compress temperature testing was conducted to demonstrate that the Hot Compress function remains functional during stated use-life.
The results of these tests demonstrate that the device meets its performance specifications, maintains functional integrity over its intended use life, and performs as intended without evidence of degradation that would impact safety or effectiveness.
## 8. Substantial Equivalence Conclusion:
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The results of the performance testing described above demonstrate that Mother’s Nature W1 Warming Wearable Breast Pump (Model W1) is as safe and effective as the predicate device and support a determination of substantial equivalence.
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Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.