K242667 · Trudell Medical International · NVP · Jan 15, 2025 · Anesthesiology
Device Facts
Record ID
K242667
Device Name
AeroChamber2go Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber
Applicant
Trudell Medical International
Product Code
NVP · Anesthesiology
Decision Date
Jan 15, 2025
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 868.5630
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Therapeutic, Pediatric
Indications for Use
This product is intended to be used by patients (5+ years) who are under the care or treatment of a physician or licensed healthcare professional. The device is intended to be used by these patients to administer aerosolized medication from most pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers. It is a single patient, multiple use device intended for home use.
Device Story
AeroChamber2go is a portable, anti-static valved holding chamber (VHC) designed for home use by patients aged 5 and older. It functions as an interface between a pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler (pMDI) and the patient's airway. The device captures aerosolized medication released from the pMDI, allowing the patient to inhale the medication at their own pace, which improves drug delivery efficiency compared to using a pMDI alone. It is a non-sterile, single-patient, multiple-use device. The healthcare provider prescribes the device to facilitate medication administration; the patient operates it by attaching their pMDI to the chamber and inhaling through the mouthpiece. The device benefits patients by reducing the coordination required to synchronize pMDI actuation with inhalation, thereby increasing the amount of medication reaching the lungs.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Substantial equivalence is based on bench testing, including aerosol characterization (aerodynamic particle size distribution and fine particle fraction), mechanical performance (drop, temperature, dishwasher, and high-pressure exhalation tests), biocompatibility (ISO 10993), and gas pathway safety (ISO 18562).
Technological Characteristics
Materials: Thermoplastic polymer, thermoplastic elastomer, and silicone. Principle: Valved holding chamber. Dimensions: 3.6 cm x 6.2 cm x 12.7 cm; 140 cc volume. Non-sterile, single-patient, multiple-use. Mechanical assembly via plastic molding. No software or electronic components.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients 5+ years under the care of a physician or licensed healthcare professional to administer aerosolized medication from most pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers. Intended for home use.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A nebulizer is a device intended to spray liquids in aerosol form into gases that are delivered directly to the patient for breathing. Heated, ultrasonic, gas, venturi, and refillable nebulizers are included in this generic type of device.
Predicate Devices
AeroChamber Plus Flow-Vu Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber (K181649)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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January 15, 2025
Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left, there is a symbol representing the Department of Health & Human Services - USA. To the right of the symbol, there is the FDA logo in blue, with the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG" stacked above the word "ADMINISTRATION".
Trudell Medical International Marianne Tanton Vice President, Quality and Regulatory Affairs 725 Baransway Drive London, ON N5V 5G4 Canada
Re: K242667
Trade/Device Name: AeroChamber2go Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber Regulation Number: 21 CFR 868.5630 Regulation Name: Nebulizer Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: NVP Dated: August 30, 2024 Received: September 5, 2024
Dear Marianne Tanton:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device"
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(https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30. Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90. Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the OS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ("UDI Rue"). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advicecomprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
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Sincerely,
# Ethan L. Nyberg -S
Ethan Nyberg, Ph.D. Assistant Director DHT1C: Division of Anesthesia, Respiratory, and Sleep Devices OHT1: Office of Ophthalmic, Anesthesia, Respiratory, ENT, and Dental Devices Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K242667
#### Device Name
AeroChamber2go Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber
Indications for Use (Describe)
This product is intended to be used by patients (5+ years) who are under the care or treatment of a physician or licensed healthcare professional. The device is intended to be used by these patients to administer aerosolized medication from most pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers. It is a single patient, multiple use device intended for home use.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) | |
|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
| Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) | Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) |
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image is the logo for Trudell Medical International. The logo consists of a shield with the word "TRUDELL" written vertically, and a maple leaf in the upper right quadrant. To the right of the shield, the words "TRUDELL MEDICAL INTERNATIONAL" are written in a simple, sans-serif font.
Traditional 510(k) Submission: 510(k) Summary AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber (VHC)
# 510(k) Summary
## Prepared: 14 January 2025
## 1. Contact Details - 21 CFR 807.92(a)(1)
Applicant Name: Trudell Medical International Applicant Address: 725 Baransway Drive, London, ON N5V 5G4, Canada Applicant's Contact Telephone: +1 519-515-2557 Applicant Contact: Ms. Marianne Tanton Applicant Contact Email: mtanton@trudellmed.com
# 2. Device Name - 21 CFR 807.92(a)(2)
Device Trade Name: AeroChamber2qo* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber Common Name: Nebulizer Classification Name: Holding Chambers, Direct Patient Interface Medical Specialty: Anesthesiology Requlation Number: 868.5630 Product Code(s): NVP
# 3. Legally Marketed Predicate Devices - 21 CFR 807.92(a)(3)
Predicate Number: K181649 Predicate Trade Name: AeroChamber Plus* Flow-Vu* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber Common Name: Nebulizer Classification Name: Holding Chambers, Direct Patient Interface Medical Specialty: Anesthesiology Requlation Number: 868.5630 Product Code(s): NVP Predicate Owner: Trudell Medical International
# 4. Device Description Summary - 21 CFR 807.92(a)(4)
The AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber (VHC) is a portable holding chamber intended to be used by patients (5+ years) who are under the care or treatment of a physician or licensed healthcare professional. The device is intended to be used by these patients to administer aerosolized medication from most pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers. It is a single patient, multiple use device intended for home use. This device is not used with a specific druq nor is it distributed with such drugs.
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### 5. Intended Use/Indications for Use - 21 CFR 807.92(a)(5)
This product is intended to be used by patients (5+ years) who are under the care or treatment of a physician or licensed healthcare professional. The device is intended to be used by these patients to administer aerosolized medication from most pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers. It is a single patient, multiple use device intended for home use.
#### 6. Intended Use/Indications for Use and Technological Comparison - 21 CFR 807.92(a)(5) and 21 CFR 807.92(a)(6)
The proposed AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber and AeroChamber Plus* Flow-Vu* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber (predicate) are similar in purpose, function, scientific technology and method of operation. Only minor differences exist between the subject AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber and the predicate, which do not affect the safety or effectiveness of the subject device.
Table 1 provides a comparison of the subject and predicate device on all applicable parameters. The following parameters which do not apply to the device are not: "Disposable", "Conformance", "Shelf Life", "Contraindications", "Regulation Conformance", and "Average Treatment Time".
| Element of<br>Comparison | AeroChamber2go*<br>Anti-Static VHC<br>(Subject Device) | AeroChamber Plus* Flow-Vu*<br>Anti-Static VHC<br>(Predicate Device - K181649) | Comparison |
|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|
| Device<br>Classification<br>Name | Holding Chamber, direct patient interface | | Similar |
| Medical<br>Specialty | Anesthesiology | | Similar |
| Classification | Class II | | Similar |
| Regulation<br>Number | 21 CFR 868.5630 | | Similar |
| Product Code | NVP | | Similar |
| Intended<br>Use/Indications<br>for Use | This product is intended to<br>be used by patients (5+<br>years) who are under the<br>care or treatment of a<br>physician or licensed<br>healthcare professional.<br>The device is intended to<br>be used by these patients<br>to administer aerosolized<br>medication from most<br>pressurized Metered Dose<br>Inhalers. It is a single<br>patient, multiple use<br>device intended for home<br>use. | This product is intended to be<br>used by adult and pediatric<br>patients who are under the care<br>or treatment of a physician or<br>licensed healthcare<br>professional. The device is<br>intended to be used by these<br>patients to administer<br>aerosolized medication from<br>most pressurized Metered Dose<br>Inhalers and Soft Mist Inhalers.<br>The intended environments for<br>use include the home, hospitals<br>and clinics. It is a single patient,<br>multiple use device. | Similar |
#### Table 1: Comparison to Predicate Device
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| Element of Comparison | AeroChamber2go*<br>Anti-Static VHC<br>(Subject Device) | AeroChamber Plus* Flow-Vu*<br>Anti-Static VHC<br>(Predicate Device - K181649) | Comparison |
|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|
| Patient Interface | VHC with Mouthpiece | VHC with Small Mask<br>VHC with Medium Mask<br>VHC with Adult Small Mask<br>VHC with Adult Large Mask<br>VHC with Mouthpiece<br>Device configurations are<br>differentiated by color | Similar |
| Principle of Operation | Valved Holding Chamber | | Similar |
| Environment of Use | Home | Hospital, Clinic or Home | Similar |
| Patient Population | Patients 5+ years | Adult and pediatric patients | Similar |
| Type of Device | Prescription only, single patient use, non-sterile | | Similar |
| Useful Life | Recommended replacement after 12 months of use | | Similar |
| Material of Construction | Thermoplastic Polymer, Thermoplastic Elastomer and<br>Silicone components | | Similar |
| Manufacturing process | Plastic molding and mechanical assembly | | Similar |
| Chamber Size | Width - 3.6 cm, Length -<br>6.2 cm, Height - 12.7 cm | 5.86" Length x 1.75' Diameter | Similar |
| Chamber Volume | 140 cc | 149 cc | Similar |
#### 7. Non-Clinical and/or Clinical Tests Summary & Conclusions - 21 CFR 807.92(b)
#### Aerosol Characterization Testing:
Aerosol characterization testing was performed in accordance with relevant sections of the CDRH Guidance Document "Reviewer Guidance for Nebulizers, Metered Dose Inhalers, Spacers and Actuators" (FDA/CDRH - 1993). Testing involved comparison of AeroChamber2go*Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber (test) with Take Apart AeroChamber Plus* aVHCs with Flow-Vu* IFI (predicate) and pMDI alone for three formulations.
By comparing the range of aerosol metrics reported in the summary of performance data, it can be concluded that the performance of the AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber (test) was substantially equivalent to the predicate VHC tested. The aerodynamic particle size distributions and fine particle fractions were very closely matched, and although the fine particle dose metric for the test VHC was a little lower than the predicate in some cases, it remained similar or higher to the metered dose inhaler when used alone, therefore would not be clinically significant.
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## Mechanical Testing:
Evaluation of AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber was performed to characterise the device's mechanical performance. The following mechanical tests were performed on the subject device:
- Temperature Storage and Washing Test ●
- Drop Test
- Transportation Test ●
- High Pressure Exhalation ●
- . Dishwasher Test
Results demonstrate that the AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber meets the requirements outlined in the Product Design Specification. No new issues of safety and efficacy were identified based on the testing performed.
#### Biocompatibility Testing:
Biological endpoints applicable to an externally communicating device with tissue contact, long term duration (permanent) is listed below. All in vitro and in vivo studies were performed by an independent source and included the following battery of tests: Cytotoxicity, Sensitization, Irritation, Systemic Toxicity (Pyrogen Study), and Chemical Characterization. The AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber meets the requirements of ISO 10993-1:2018 and can be considered safe for use, as intended.
| ISO Standard | Test/Assessment |
|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 10993-5 | Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity |
| 10993-10 | Tests for skin sensitization |
| 10993-23 | Tests for irritation (Intracutaneous) |
| 10993-11 | Tests for systemic toxicity (Pyrogen Study) |
| 10993-18 | Chemical characterization of medical device materials within a risk<br>management process |
#### Summary of Biocompatibility/Chemical Characterization Testing Conducted
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# Dry Gas Pathway Testing:
To support the safe use of the device in dry gas conditions, a worst-case assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particles (particulate matter) was conducted. Test results and risk assessment demonstrated that exposure during use of the device is unlikely to result in toxicological effects.
| ISO Standard | Test/Assessment |
|--------------|-------------------------------------------|
| 18562-1 | Risk Assessment |
| 18562-2 | Tests for emissions of particulate matter |
| 18562-3 | Tests for emissions of VOCs and aldehydes |
# Clinical Testing:
Not applicable.
The determination of substantial equivalence is not based on clinical performance data.
## Conclusion:
The non-clinical test data demonstrate that the AeroChamber2go* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber is substantially equivalent to the predicate (AeroChamber Plus* Flow-Vu* Anti-Static Valved Holding Chamber). Use of the subject device does not raise any new questions of safety and/or effectiveness.
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.