K183053 · Olympus Medical Systems Corp. · NEZ · Mar 5, 2019 · Gastroenterology, Urology
Device Facts
Record ID
K183053
Device Name
Olympus Small Intestinal Capsule Endoscope System
Applicant
Olympus Medical Systems Corp.
Product Code
NEZ · Gastroenterology, Urology
Decision Date
Mar 5, 2019
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 876.1300
Device Class
Class 2
AI Performance
Output
Algorithm
Acceptance
Observed
Dev DS
Dev Readers
Test DS
Test Readers
Red Lesion Detection
—
—
Equal to or higher than Red Color Detection function of predicate device; all active bleedings detected
—
—
Clinical performance testing for Red Lesion Detector
—
Indications for Use
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM is intended for visualization of the small intestine mucosa. - It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may indicate Crohn's disease not detected by upper and lower endoscopy. - It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may be a source of obscure bleeding (either overt or occult) not detected by upper and lower endoscopy. - It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may be potential causes of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) not detected by upper and lower endoscopy. The Red Lesion Detector is intended to mark frames of the video suspected of containing active bleeding. angioectasia, red spot, ulcer or erosion. The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM may be used as a tool in the detection of abnormalities of the small intestine and is intended for use in adults only.
Device Story
System consists of ingestible capsule endoscope, external antenna unit/recorder, and workstation software. Capsule captures and transmits small intestine images to recorder worn by patient. Workstation software downloads and processes images for clinician review. Red Lesion Detector algorithm automatically marks video frames suspected of containing red lesions (bleeding, angioectasia, ulcers, erosions). Used in clinical settings by physicians to detect small intestine abnormalities. Output assists clinical decision-making by highlighting potential pathology, aiding diagnosis of Crohn's disease, obscure bleeding, and iron deficiency anemia. Benefits include non-invasive visualization of small intestine mucosa.
Clinical Evidence
Clinical performance testing evaluated the Red Lesion Detector against the predicate device's Red Color Detection function. Metrics included sensitivity and specificity for red lesions (active bleeding, angioectasia, red spots, ulcers, erosions) and specificity for active bleeding. Results showed performance equal to or higher than the predicate; all active bleedings were detected.
Technological Characteristics
System includes ingestible capsule, antenna unit, recorder, and workstation software. Connectivity via wireless transmission from capsule to external recorder. Software-based Red Lesion Detector algorithm. Risk management per ISO 14971:2007. Cybersecurity controls implemented. No specific materials or energy standards cited beyond general regulatory compliance.
Indications for Use
Indicated for visualization of small intestine mucosa in adults. Used for monitoring lesions associated with Crohn's disease, obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (overt/occult), and iron deficiency anemia not detected by upper/lower endoscopy. Includes Red Lesion Detector for marking suspected active bleeding, angioectasia, red spots, ulcers, or erosions.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An ingestible telemetric gastrointestinal capsule imaging system is used for visualization of the small bowel mucosa as an adjunctive tool in the detection of abnormalities of the small bowel. The device captures images of the small bowel with a wireless camera contained in a capsule. This device includes an ingestible capsule (containing a light source, camera, transmitter, and battery), an antenna array, a receiving/recording unit, a data storage device, computer software to process the images, and accessories.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The special control is FDA's guidance, “Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Ingestible Telemetric Gastrointestinal Capsule Imaging Systems; Final Guidance for Industry and FDA.”
Predicate Devices
OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM (K173459)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
{0}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is a blue square with the letters FDA in white. To the right of the blue square is the text "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue.
March 5, 2019
Olympus Medical Systems Corp. % Daphney Germain-Kolawole Senior Project Manager, Regulatory Affairs Olympus Corporation of the Americas 3500 Corporate Parkway, P.O. Box 610 Center Valley, PA 18034-0610
Re: K183053
Trade/Device Name: OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM Regulation Number: 21 CFR§ 876.1300 Regulation Name: Ingestible Telemetric Gastrointestinal Capsule Imaging System Regulatory Class: II Product Code: NEZ Dated: January 31, 2019 Received: February 1, 2019
Dear Daphney Germain-Kolawole:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
{1}------------------------------------------------
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/CombinationProducts/GuidanceRegulatoryInformation/ucm597488.html; good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
# Daniel G. Walter Jr -S
for Benjamin R. Fisher, Ph.D. Director Division of Reproductive, Gastro-Renal, and Urological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{2}------------------------------------------------
# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K183053
# Device Name
OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM
Indications for Use (Describe)
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM is intended for visualization of the small intestine mucosa.
- It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may indicate Crohn's disease not detected by upper and lower endoscopy.
- It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may be a source of obscure bleeding (either overt or occult) not detected by upper and lower endoscopy.
- It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may be potential causes of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) not detected by upper and lower endoscopy.
The Red Lesion Detector is intended to mark frames of the video suspected of containing active bleeding. angioectasia, red spot, ulcer or erosion.
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM may be used as a tool in the detection of abnormalities of the small intestine and is intended for use in adults only.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
| <span style="text-decoration: overline;">☑</span> Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| □ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) |
#### CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
This section applies only to requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.
#### *DO NOT SEND YOUR COMPLETED FORM TO THE PRA STAFF EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW.*
The burden time for this collection of information is estimated to average 79 hours per response, including the time to review instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the data needed and complete and review the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this information collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:
> Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Office of Chief Information Officer Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) Staff PRAStaff(@fda.hhs.gov
"An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB number."
{3}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "OLYMPUS" in large, bold, blue letters. The letters are closely spaced together, creating a solid block of text. A registered trademark symbol is located to the right of the word.
Date Prepared: March 1, 2019
# Updated 510(k) Summary
# 5.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
| ■ 510(k) Submitter: | OLYMPUS MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORP.<br>2951 Ishikawa-cho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, Japan 192-<br>8507 |
|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
- Contact Person: Daphney Germain-Kolawole Olympus Corporation of the Americas 3500 Corporate Parkway PO Box 610 Center Valley, PA 18034-0610, USA Phone: 484-896-5691 Fax: 484-896-7128 Email: daphney.germain-kolawole@olympus.com
- . Manufacturing site: Shirakawa Olympus Co., Ltd. 3-1 Okamiyama, Odakura, Nishigo-mura, Nishishirakawagun, Fukushima 961-8061, Japan
Olympus Medical Systems Corp. Hinode Plant 34-3 Hirai, Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo 190-0182, Japan
# 5.2 DEVICE IDENTIFICATION
| ■ Device Name | OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE<br>SYSTEM |
|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| ■ Common Name | Capsule Imaging System |
| ■ Regulation Number | 876.1300 |
| ■ Regulation Name | Ingestible telemetric gastrointestinal capsule imaging system |
| ■ Regulatory Class | II (Special Controls) |
| ■ Product Code | NEZ |
| ■ Classification Panel | Gastroenterology and urology |
{4}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "OLYMPUS" in large, bold, blue letters. The letters are all capitalized and evenly spaced. A registered trademark symbol is located to the right of the letter "S".
# 5.3 PREDICATE DEVICE
## ■ Predicate device
| Device name | 510(k) Submitter | 510(k) No. |
|------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|------------|
| OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL<br>CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM | OLYMPUS MEDICAL<br>SYSTEMS CORP. | K173459 |
# 5.4 DEVICE DESCRIPTION
## ■ General Description of the subject device
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM is a capsule imaging system used for visualization of the small intestine mucosa.
This system consists of capsule endoscopes which capture images and transmit the data, an antenna unit and a recorder which are secured around the patient and receive data from the capsule, and workstation software which downloads the image data from the recorder and processes images for visualization. The components of this SYSTEM are listed below in Table 5-1.
# Table 5-1: ENDOCAPSULE SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM
| Trade or Proprietary or Model Name<br>for The Subject Device | | Model<br>Number |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|------------------|
| ENDOCAPSULE SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE<br>ENDOSCOPE SET | | MAJ-2027 |
| (Components) | CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE (5 pcs.) | EC-S10 |
| ENDOCAPSULE RECORDER SET | | MAJ-2029 |
| (Components) | CAPSULE ACTIVATOR (2 pcs.) | MAJ-1478 |
| | ENDOCAPSULE RECORDER | OLYMPUS<br>RE-10 |
| | BATTERY PACK | MAJ-2030 |
| | ANTENNA UNIT | MAJ-2031 |
| | CRADLE | MAJ-2032 |
| | RECORDER HOLDER | MAJ-2033 |
| | ANTENNA HOLDER | MAJ-2034 |
| LEAD ANTENNAUNIT | | MAJ-2294 |
{5}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/5/Picture/1 description: The image shows the word "OLYMPUS" in large, bold, blue letters. The letters are slightly shadowed, giving them a three-dimensional appearance. A thin, horizontal yellow line is visible beneath the word, adding a subtle contrast to the overall design.
| ANTENNA LEAD COVER | MAJ-1470 |
|-----------------------------------------|----------|
| ENDOCAPSULE SOFTWARE 10 | MAJ-2188 |
| ENDOCAPSULE SOFTWARE 10 LIGHT | MAJ-2189 |
| ENDOCAPSULE SOFTWARE 10 UPGRADE PACKAGE | MAJ-2190 |
# 5.5 INDICATIONS FOR USE
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM is intended for visualization of the small intestine mucosa.
- It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may indicate Crohn's disease not detected by upper and lower endoscopy.
- It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may be a source of obscure bleeding (either overt or occult) not detected by upper and lower endoscopy.
- It may be used in the visualization and monitoring of lesions that may be potential causes of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) not detected by upper and lower endoscopy.
The Red Lesion Detector is intended to mark frames of the video suspected of containing active bleeding, bleeding, angioectasia, red spot, ulcer or erosion.
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM may be used as a tool in the detection of abnormalities of the small intestine and is intended for use in adults only.
# 5.6 COMPARISON OF TECHNOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE PREDICATE DEIVCE
The OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM has the same technological characteristics and design as the predicate device except for the minor technological modifications listed below.
- a. Updating the software for the workstation
- Improvement of the Red Color Detection function by updating the software algorithm (Red Lesion Detector)
- Software update for strengthening cybersecurity
- Deletion of the Express mode (playback function of the workstation)
- Minor modification regarding the Observation function, Data Output function, and the software failure
- b. Material change of the product package
{6}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "OLYMPUS" in large, bold, blue letters. The letters are slightly condensed and have a sans-serif font. A registered trademark symbol is located to the right of the letter "S".
# 5.7 PERFORMANCE DATA
# 5.7.1 Summary of Non-Clinical Testing
The following performance data were provided in support of the substantial equivalence determination.
# 1) Software Verification and Validation Testing
Software verification and validation testing for the OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM were conducted and documentation was provided as recommended by FDA's Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff, "Guidance for the Content of Premarket Submissions for Software Contained in Medical Devices" and "Content of Premarket Submissions for Management of Cybersecurity in Medical Devices".
# 3) Risk Management
Risk management was carried out in accordance with established in-house acceptance criteria based on ISO 14971:2007. The design verification tests and their acceptance criteria were identified and performed as a result of this risk analysis assessment.
# 5.7.2 Summary of Clinical Testing
The clinical performance testing has been completed to support substantial equivalence. The clinical performance testing was conducted to demonstrate the performance of the Red Lesion Detector. In the clinical performance testing, the performance of the Red Lesion Detector were evaluated and compared with the Red Color Detection function of PD in following perspective.
1) specificity for red lesions (active bleeding, bleeding, angioectasia, red spot, ulcer or erosion) of small intestine
2) sensitivity for red lesions (active bleeding, bleeding, angioectasia, red spot, ulcer or erosion) of small intestine
3) specificity for active bleedings of small intestine
As a result, Red Lesion Detector had performances equal to or higher than Red Color Detection function of PD. Furthermore, all active bleedings were detected in the clinical performance testing.
# 5.8 CONCLUSION
Compared to the predicate device, the OLYMPUS SMALL INTESTINAL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE SYSTEM does not incorporate any significant changes in the indications for use, method of operation, material, or design that could affect the safety or effectiveness of the subject device. Therefore, the subject device is substantially equivalent to the cited predicate device.
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.