K183036 · Cook Incorporated · DRE · Dec 20, 2018 · Cardiovascular
Device Facts
Record ID
K183036
Device Name
Dilator Sets
Applicant
Cook Incorporated
Product Code
DRE · Cardiovascular
Decision Date
Dec 20, 2018
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 870.1310
Device Class
Class 2
Indications for Use
Intended to be used for dilating puncture sites or catheter tracts for percutaneous placement of devices for vascular and non-vascular applications such as in the venous, arterial, biliary and renal systems.
Device Story
Cook Dilator Sets consist of single dilators or kits (including entry needle and wire guide) used to dilate puncture sites or catheter tracts; facilitates percutaneous placement of diagnostic or therapeutic devices into body spaces (e.g., peritoneal cavity, arteries, veins). Used in clinical settings for vascular and non-vascular applications. Dilators range from 3.0 to 26.0 French in diameter and 6 to 65 cm in length. Operated by clinicians to expand access sites for subsequent device insertion. Single-patient use; supplied sterile. Benefits include enabling minimally invasive access for various medical procedures.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Testing included biocompatibility (ISO 10993-1:2009), dilator hub-to-shaft tensile strength (ISO 11070:2014), compatibility, dimensional verification, radiopacity (ASTM F640-12), tip rollback (ISO 11070:2014), kink radius (ISO 11070:2014), and lubricity. All pre-determined acceptance criteria were met.
Technological Characteristics
Dilators range 3.0-26.0 Fr diameter, 6-65 cm length. Materials tested per ISO 10993-1:2009. Mechanical performance tested per ISO 11070:2014 (tensile, tip rollback, kink radius). Radiopacity tested per ASTM F640-12. Supplied sterile for single-patient use.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients requiring percutaneous placement of devices into venous, arterial, biliary, or renal systems; used for dilating puncture sites or catheter tracts.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A vessel dilator for percutaneous catheterization is a device which is placed over the guide wire to enlarge the opening in the vessel, and which is then removed before sliding the catheter over the guide wire.
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January 10, 2019
Cook Incorporated David Lehr Regulatory Affairs Manager 750 Daniels Way Bloomington, Indiana 47404
Re: K183036
Trade/Device Name: Dilator Sets Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.1310 Regulation Name: Vessel dilator for percutaneous catheterization Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: DRE, FGE Dated: December 21, 2018 Received: December 26, 2018
Dear Mr. Lehr:
This letter corrects our substantially equivalent letter of December 20, 2018.
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/CombinationProducts/GuidanceRegulatoryInformation/ucm597488.html; good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
# Misti L. Malone -S
For
Bram D. Zuckerman, M.D. Director Division of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K183036
Device Name Dilator Sets
Indications for Use (Describe)
Intended to be used for dilating puncture sites or catheter tracts for percutaneous placement of devices for vascular and non-vascular applications such as in the venous, arterial, biliary and renal systems.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) | |
|-------------------------------------------------|--|
|-------------------------------------------------|--|
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
| | Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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#### 510(k) Summary
# As required by 21 CFR §807.92 Date Prepared: December 21, 2018
| Submitted By: | |
|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| Applicant: | Cook Incorporated |
| Contact: | David Lehr, RAC |
| Applicant Address: | Cook Incorporated<br>750 Daniels Way<br>Bloomington, IN 47404 |
| Contact Phone Number: | (812) 335-3575 x102309 |
| Contact Fax Number: | (812) 332-0281 |
#### Device Information:
Trade Name: Common Name:
Classification Panel: Regulation: Product Code:
# Dilator Sets Dilator, vessel, for percutaneous catheterization/ Stents, drains and dilators for the biliary ducts Cardiovascular/Gastroenterology/Urology 21 CFR §870.1310, 21 CFR §876.5010 DRE, FGE
### Predicate Devices:
- Medcomp® Vessel Dilator (Medcomp®, K162389) l
- l PBN Dilators (Medical Device Technologies, Inc., K990808)
### Reference Devices:
- Peel-Away Introducer Set (Cook Inc., K170020)
- l Royal Flush Catheter (Cook Inc., K171264)
- I CrossCath Support Catheter (Cook Inc., K161801)
# Device Description:
Cook Dilator Sets may consist of either a single dilator or a group of components that are used percutaneously to dilate puncture sites or catheter tracts, thereby facilitating the placement of other therapeutic or diagnostic devices into a natural body space (e.g., the peritoneal cavity, an artery or vein) for various vascular or non-vascular clinical applications. Some Dilator Set configurations may also include an entry needle and wire guide. The dilator component of the Dilator Sets is available in diameters ranging from 3.0 to 26.0 French and in lengths ranging from 6 to 65 cm. The broad range of dilator sizes accommodates the variation in the size of the
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devices that could be inserted through the initial access site. All configurations of the Dilator Sets are supplied as packaged, sterile devices, intended for single-patient use.
## Intended Use:
Intended to be used for dilating puncture sites or catheter tracts for percutaneous placement of devices for vascular and non-vascular applications such as in the venous, arterial, biliary and renal systems.
## Comparison of Technological Characteristics to Predicate:
The Dilator Sets and the predicate devices have the same basic intended use. The subject device is similar in technological characteristics (i.e., design and materials) to those of the predicate devices, with the addition of a smaller dilator diameter of 3.0 Fr and a broader scope of lengths (6 to 65 cm) as compared to the predicate devices, which have a combined scope of lengths ranging from 15 to 35 cm. Some configurations of the subject device are also supplied with additional kit components (i.e., entry needle and wire guide) as compared to the predicate devices.
# Technological Characteristics:
The subject device. Dilator Sets, was subjected to applicable testing to assure reliable design and performance under the testing parameters. The tests performed are listed below:
- Biocompatibility Tested in accordance with ISO 10993-1:2009. The pre-determined . acceptance criteria were met.
- Dilator Hub to Shaft Tensile Tested in accordance with ISO 11070:2014. The pre-. determined acceptance criteria were met.
- . Compatibility Testing – Tested in accordance with an approved study protocol. The predetermined acceptance criterial were met.
- Dimensional Verification Testing Tested in accordance with an approved study . protocol. The pre-determined acceptance criteria were met.
- Radiopacity Evaluation Tested in accordance with ASTM F640-12. The pre-determined . acceptance criteria were met.
- Dilator Tip Rollback Testing Tested in accordance with ISO 11070:2014, Annex A.3. . The pre-determined acceptance criteria were met.
- Kink Radius Testing Tested in accordance with ISO 11070:2014, Annex A. The pre-■ determined acceptance criteria were met.
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- Lubricity Testing Tested in accordance with an approved study protocol. The pre-. determined acceptance criterial were met.
### Conclusion:
The results of these tests support a conclusion that the Dilator Sets, subject of this submission, met the design input requirements based on the devices' intended use and support the conclusion these devices do not raise new questions of safety and/or effectiveness. The results of these tests support a determination of substantial equivalence to the predicate devices, the Medcomp® Vessel Dilator (Medcomp®, K162389) and the PBN Dilators (Medical Device Technologies, Inc., K990808).
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.