The Solana® Trichomonas Assay is an in vitro diagnostic test, using isothermal amplification technology (helicase-dependent amplification, HDA), for the qualitative detection of Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acids isolated from clinician-collected vaginal swabs and female urine specimens obtained from symptomatic or asymptomatic females to aid in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. The Solana® Trichomonas Assay is intended for use only with the Solana® instrument.
Device Story
Solana Trichomonas Assay is an in vitro diagnostic test for T. vaginalis. Input: clinician-collected vaginal swabs or female urine. Process: specimens undergo heat-based lysis; lysate is transferred to a reaction tube containing lyophilized HDA reagents, dNTPs, primers, and probes. The Solana instrument performs isothermal helicase-dependent amplification (HDA) at 64°C. Detection: T. vaginalis-specific fluorescence probes (fluorophore/quencher labeled with RNA) are cleaved by RNaseH2 upon target annealing, increasing fluorescence. A competitive process control (PRC) monitors inhibition and failure. Output: instrument interprets fluorescent signals via on-board algorithms and displays/prints results. Used in clinical settings by healthcare professionals. Benefits: rapid, automated molecular diagnosis of trichomoniasis.
Clinical Evidence
Multi-center study (n=1044) evaluated performance against a composite reference method (Wet Mount and InPouch TV culture). Vaginal swab sensitivity 99.2% (95% CI 95.4-99.9), specificity 98.7% (95% CI 97.7-99.3). Urine sensitivity 95.0% (95% CI 89.5-97.7), specificity 98.2% (95% CI 97.1-98.8). Study included both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.
Technological Characteristics
Isothermal helicase-dependent amplification (HDA). Targets conserved multi-copy T. vaginalis DNA sequence. Detection via RNaseH2-cleaved fluorescence probes. Instrument: Solana (heats to 64°C, measures fluorescence). Reagents: lyophilized HDA mix, dNTPs, primers, probes. Competitive process control (PRC) included. Swab/urine lysis via heat treatment.
Indications for Use
Indicated for qualitative detection of Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acids in clinician-collected vaginal swabs and female urine specimens from symptomatic or asymptomatic females to aid in trichomoniasis diagnosis. Prescription use only.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid assay is a device that consists of primers, probes, enzymes, and controls for the amplification and detection of trichomonas nucleic acids in endocervical swabs, vaginal swabs, and female urine specimens, from women symptomatic for vaginitis, cervicitis, or urethritis and/or to aid in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in asymptomatic women. The detection of trichomonas nucleic acids, in conjunction with other laboratory tests, aids in the clinical laboratory diagnosis of trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The special controls are set forth in FDA's guideline document entitled: “Class II Special Controls Guideline: Nucleic Acid Amplification Assays for the Detection of*Trichomonas vaginalis;* Guideline for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff.” See § 866.1(e) for information on obtaining this document.
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510(k) SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE DETERMINATION
DECISION SUMMARY
A. 510(k) Number:
K161182
B. Purpose for Submission:
To obtain clearance for the Solana® Trichomonas Assay on the Solana® Instrument
C. Measurand:
Trichomonas vaginalis repeated DNA fragment
D. Type of Test:
Nucleic acid amplification test using helicase dependent amplification (HDA)
E. Applicant:
Quidel Corporation
F. Proprietary and Established Names:
Solana® Trichomonas Assay
G. Regulatory Information:
1. Regulation section:
21 CFR 866.3860
2. Classification:
Class II
3. Product code:
OUY- Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification test system
4. Panel:
83 - Microbiology
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H. Intended Use:
1. Intended use(s):
The Solana® Trichomonas Assay is an *in vitro* diagnostic test, using isothermal amplification technology (helicase-dependent amplification, HDA), for the qualitative detection of Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acids isolated from clinician-collected vaginal swabs and female urine specimens obtained from symptomatic or asymptomatic females to aid in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. The Solana® Trichomonas Assay is intended for use only with the Solana® instrument.
2. Indication(s) for use:
Same as intended use
3. Special conditions for use statement(s):
For *in vitro* diagnostic use only; for prescription use only
4. Special instrument requirements:
Solana® Instrument
I. Device Description:
The Solana® Trichomonas Assay amplifies and detects *Trichomonas vaginalis* nucleic acids present in clinician-collected vaginal swab and urine specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic women. The assay targets a conserved multi-copy sequence in the *T. vaginalis* genome.
The vaginal swab is eluted in a swab lysis tube or a urine specimen is added to a urine lysis tube, and the cells are lysed by heat treatment. After heat treatment, an aliquot of the lysed specimen is transferred into a dilution tube. An aliquot of the diluted sample is added to a reaction tube. The reaction tube contains lyophilized HDA reagents, dNTPs, primers, and probes, which are rehydrated upon addition of the diluted sample. The reaction tube is placed in the Solana instrument for amplification and detection of the *T. vaginalis*-specific target sequence. In the Solana instrument, the target sequence is amplified by *T. vaginalis* specific primers and detected by a *T. vaginalis* specific fluorescent probe. A competitive process control (PRC) is included in the lysis tube to monitor sample processing, inhibitory substances in clinical samples, reagent failure, or device failure. The PRC target is amplified by *T. vaginalis* specific primers and detected by a PRC specific fluorescent probe.
The target and PRC probes are dual-labeled with a quencher and fluorophore on either end. Upon annealing to *T. vaginalis* or PRC amplicons, the fluorescent probes are cleaved and the fluorescent signal increases due to physical separation of the fluorophore from the quencher. The
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Solana instrument measures and interprets the fluorescent signal using on-board method-specific algorithms. Solana instrument then reports the test results to the user on its display screen and can print the results via a printer.
J. Substantial Equivalence Information:
1. Predicate device name(s):
Amplivue® Trichomonas Assay
2. Predicate 510(k) number(s):
K143329
3. Comparison with predicate:
| Similarities | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Item | Solana® Trichomonas Assay | AmpliVue® Trichomonas Assay (K143329) |
| Intended Use | The Solana® Trichomonas Assay is an in vitro diagnostic test, using isothermal amplification technology (helicase-dependent amplification, HDA), for the qualitative detection of Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acids isolated from clinician-collected vaginal swabs and female urine specimens obtained from symptomatic or asymptomatic females to aid in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. The Solana® Trichomonas Assay is intended for use only with the Solana® instrument. | The AmpliVue® Trichomonas Assay is an in vitro diagnostic test, uses isothermal amplification technology (helicase-dependent amplification, HDA) for the qualitative detection of Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acids isolated from clinician-collected vaginal swab specimens obtained from symptomatic or asymptomatic females to aid in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. |
| Target Sequence Detected | Repeated DNA fragment located in T. vaginalis genome | Same |
| Amplification Technology | Helicase-dependent amplification (HDA) | Same |
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| Differences | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Item | Solana® Trichomonas Assay | AmpliVue® Trichomonas Assay (k143329) |
| Sample Types | Clinician-collected Vaginal Swabs, Female Urine | Clinician-collected Vaginal Swabs |
| Self-Contained System Assay after sample preparation | Yes | No |
| Detection Technique | Automated | Manual |
| Instrument | Solana | None |
# K. Standard/Guidance Document Referenced (if applicable):
Class II Special Controls Guideline: Nucleic Acid Amplification Assays for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis
# L. Test Principle:
The Solana® Trichomonas assay on the Solana® instrument uses helicase-dependent amplification (HDA) to detect a conserved repeated fragment in the $T.$ vaginalis genome. For vaginal swab specimens, the swab is eluted in the lysis buffer tube. For urine specimens, an 800 $\mu$ l aliquot of urine is added to the lysis buffer tube. In addition to containing the reagents needed for lysis, the lysis buffer tube also contains an internal process control. The samples in the lysis buffer are then heated to lyse the cells, and an aliquot of the lysed sample is added to the dilution buffer tube. The diluted sample is then added to the reaction tube, which contains the lyophilized reagents necessary for the HDA reaction, including the primers, fluorescently labeled probe, dNTPs and PCR reagents. The reaction tube is placed in the Solana® instrument, where amplification of the targeted sequence occurs and is detected via fluorescence intensity. The fluorescent signal is then converted to a qualitative result, which is displayed for the end user.
# M. Performance Characteristics (if/when applicable):
# 1. Analytical performance:
# a. Precision/Reproducibility:
# Within Laboratory Precision
Within laboratory precision of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay on the Solana® instrument was tested using a four member panel consisting of three different concentrations of the G3 strain of $T.$ vaginalis diluted in negative vaginal swab or urine clinical matrix. A negative sample consisting of clinical matrix alone was also tested. The panel included a moderate positive (3X
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LoD), low positive (1X LoD) and a high negative (1/54X LoD for samples in vaginal swab matrix and 1/27X LoD for samples in urine matrix). Each panel member, along with positive and negative controls, was tested in triplicate by two operators per day over twelve non-consecutive days. For each sample type, a total of 72 replicates per each panel member were tested. The overall percent agreement between all 72 replicates for the high negative samples in the vaginal swab and urine matrices was $72\%$ and $67\%$ , respectively. All other panel members in both clinical matrices had an overall agreement of $100\%$ . Tables 1 and 2 list the precision study data for the vaginal swab and urine specimen types, respectively
Table 1: Within Laboratory Precision for Vaginal Swab
| Category Workflow | Operator | | | | | | Overall Percent Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Operator #1 | | | Operator #2 | | | | | |
| | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | | | |
| High Negative (1.89 trophozoites /mL) | 28/36 | 78% | 61.9% to 88.3% | 24/36 | 67% | 50.3% to 79.8% | 52/72 | 72% | 61.0% to 81.2% |
| Low Positive (102 trophozoites /mL) | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Moderate Positive (306 trophozoites /mL) | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Negative | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Positive Control | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Negative Control | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
Table 2: Within Laboratory Precision for Urine
| Category Urine Workflow | Operator | | | | | | Overall Percent Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Operator #1 | | | Operator #2 | | | | | |
| | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | | | |
| High Negative (0.2 trophozoites /mL) | 24/36 | 67% | 50.3% to 79.8% | 24/36 | 67% | 50.3% to 79.8% | 48/72 | 67% | 55.2% to 76.5% |
| Low Positive (4 trophozoites /mL) | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Moderate Positive (12 | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
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| Category
Workflow | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Operator #1 | | | Operator #2 | | | | | |
| | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | | | Confidence Interval |
| trophozoites /mL) | | | | | | | | | |
| Negative | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Positive Control | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
| Negative Control | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 90.4% to 100% | 72/72 | 100% | 94.9% to 100% |
## Reproducibility
The reproducibility of the Solana® Trichomonas assay was assessed using a panel consisting of three concentrations of Trichomonas vaginalis diluted in negative clinical matrix as well as a negative sample for both the vaginal swab and urine specimen types. The concentrations of the panel members consisted of a moderate positive (3X LoD), low positive (1X LoD) and a high negative (1/54 LoD for vaginal swab studies and 1/27 LoD for urine studies). Each panel member, along with positive and negative controls, was tested in triplicate by two operators per day for five non-consecutive days at three testing sites. A total of 90 replicates per panel member were tested. In both, the urine and vaginal swab low positive, moderate positive, and negative panel members, 100% agreement was found between all 90 replicates for each respective panel member. The negative and positive controls that were run with each panel also exhibited a 100% overall agreement between all replicates. An overall agreement of 69% and 68% was found for the vaginal swab and urine high negative panel members, respectively. These percent agreements for the high negative samples fall within the recommended 20-80% range. Results are presented in Table 3 and Table 4 for the vaginal swab and urine samples, respectively.
Table 3: Reproducibility for vaginal swab workflow
| Category
Swab
Workflow | SITE | | | | | | | | | Overall Percent
Agreement | 95%
Confidence
Interval | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Site #1 | | | Site #2 | | | Site #3 | | | | | |
| | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | | | |
| High Negative (1.89 trophozoites /mL) | 25/30 | 83% | 66.4% to 92.7% | 22/30 | 73% | 55.6% to 85.8% | 15/30 | 50% | 33.2% to 66.8% | 62/90 | 69% | 58.7% to 77.5% |
| Low Positive (102 trophozoites /mL) | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Moderate Positive (306 trophozoites | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
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| Category
Workflow | SITE | | | | | | | | | Overall Percent Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Site #1 | | | Site #2 | | | Site #3 | | | | | |
| | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | | | |
| /mL) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Negative | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Positive Control | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Negative Control | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
Table 4: Reproducibility for urine workflow
| Category
Urine Workflow | SITE | | | | | | | | | Overall Percent Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Site #1 | | | Site #2 | | | Site #3 | | | | | |
| | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | #expected results/# tested | % Agreement | 95% Confidence Interval | | | |
| High Negative (0.2 trophozoites /mL) | 20/30 | 67% | 48.8% to 80.8% | 19/30 | 63% | 45.5% to 78.1% | 22/30 | 73% | 55.6% to 85.8% | 61/90 | 68% | 57.6% to 75.5% |
| Low Positive (4 trophozoites /mL) | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Moderate Positive (12 trophozoites /mL) | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Negative | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Positive Control | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
| Negative Control | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 30/30 | 100% | 88.6% to 100% | 90/90 | 100% | 95.9% to 100% |
b. Linearity/assay reportable range:
Not Applicable
c. Traceability, Stability, Expected values (controls, calibrators, or methods):
Traceability
Not applicable
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# Specimen Stability
Vaginal Swabs: The stability of TV in two types of vaginal swab transport media, Liquid Amies and Liquid Stuart, was tested. A 2X LoD concentration of TV organisms was inoculated into the transport media with negative vaginal matrix. The samples were stored at either 2-8°C for 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 8 days, or room temperature (30°C) for 0, 2.5, 6.5, 24, 25, 27, 48 and 49 hours. The samples were tested in triplicate per time point along with positive and negative controls. The data indicated that specimens may be stored in both transport media between 2 and 8°C for up to 7 days, and at 30°C for up to 48 hours prior to testing.
Urine: Negative urine matrix was spiked with a 2X LoD concentration of TV and stored according to the same protocol as the vaginal swab samples. The data indicated that urine specimens can be stored between 2 and 8°C for up to 7 days, and at 30°C for up to 24 hours prior to testing.
# Sample Stability in Lysis Buffer:
The sample stability after the addition of lysis buffer was assessed before and after the sample was heated as per instructions in the package insert. For the samples stored before the heat step, TV was inoculated at the 2X LoD concentration into negative clinical matrix (either vaginal swab or urine), mixed with the lysis buffer and then stored at 2-8°C for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 73 hours. For the samples stored after the heat step, the inoculated negative matrix was mixed with lysis buffer, heated at 95°C for 5 minutes, and then stored at 2-8°C for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 73 hours. The samples were tested in triplicate per time point along with positive and negative controls. The data indicate that urine and vaginal swab samples that are mixed with lysis buffer are stable for up to 72 hours at 2-8°C both before and after heat treatment.
# Specimen Stability in Dilution Buffer
The stability of the lysed TV sample mixed with dilution buffer was assessed in triplicate in both urine and vaginal swab samples at 2-8°C and 25°C for 0, 6.5, 24 and 25 hours. Negative clinical matrix for each specimen type was inoculated with TV at a concentration of 2X LoD. The data indicate that lysed samples diluted in dilution buffer are stable for up to 24 hours at 2-8°C and 25°C.
# Controls:
The Solana® Trichomonas Assay contains an internal processing control that is included in the lysis buffer tube. Quidel Molecular Trichomonas Control Set #M119 contains external positive and negative controls. These controls are described as follows:
1. The internal control is used to detect HDA inhibitory specimens and to confirm the integrity of assay reagents and the operation of the Solana instrument. The internal control is included in the lysis tube and monitors the entire extraction, amplification and detection process.
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2. An external assay positive control is included in the Quidel Molecular Trichomonas Control Set (M119). The external assay positive control contains intact, non-viable trophozoites and is intended to monitor substantial reagent and instrument failure.
3. An external assay negative control is included in the Quidel Molecular Trichomonas Control Set (M119). The external assay negative control is the same matrix as the positive control but is trophozoite-free. This control is intended to detect reagent or environment contamination or carry-over by either $T$ vaginalis DNA or amplicons.
# d. Detection limit:
Two $T.$ vaginalis strains, G3, which is metronidazole susceptible, and CDC888, which is metronidazole resistant, were used to determine the analytical sensitivity of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay. The strains were freshly grown and quantified using a hemocytometer. Serial dilutions of these two strains were made in negative clinical matrix for both the urine and vaginal swab specimen types. Each dilution was tested in 20 replicates along with positive and negative controls using 1 reagent lot. The LoD was determined to be the dilution at which greater than $95\%$ of the replicates tested positive. The LoD was then confirmed by testing 20 additional replicates at the determined LoD dilution using 2 additional reagent lots.
In the vaginal swab matrix, the LoDs for the G3 and CDC888 strains were 102 trophozoite/mL and 306 trophozoite/mL, respectively. In the urine matrix, the LoD for the G3 and CDC888 strains were 4 trophozoite/mL and 108 trophozoite/mL, respectively. This 27-fold difference in LoD between the two strains in the urine matrix may be due to differences in the number of repeated fragments that the assay targets in the genomes of these two strains.
# e. Analytical specificity:
# Inclusivity:
An inclusivity study was performed to test reactivity of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with 20 TV reference strains and clinical isolates at a starting concentration of 2-3X LoD in each negative clinical matrix (8 TV/mL for urine matrix, 306 TV/mL for vaginal swab matrix). Each strain was tested in triplicate. Table 5 lists the TV strains and clinical isolates tested.
Table 5: Strains used for inclusivity study
| Organisms | ATCC number | Geographic Origin | Year | Metronidazole Susceptibility |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CDC899 | NA | Marrero, LA | NK* | Highly Resistant |
| CDC1031 | NA | New Lenox, IL | NK | Highly Resistant |
| CDC938 | NA | Bakersfield, CA | NK | Highly Resistant |
| CDC963 | NA | Scottsdale, AZ | NK | Highly Resistant |
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| CDC911 | NA | Chicago, IL | NK | Resistant |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CDC1256 | NA | Eastern USA | NK | Susceptible |
| MOR31 | NA | Bronx, NY | NK | Susceptible |
| BUSH20 | 50167 | Brooklyn, NY | 1986 | Susceptible |
| CDC1095 | NA | Everett, WA | NK | Susceptible |
| CDC1080 | NA | NYC, NY | NK | Highly Resistant |
| PMGH25 | NA | Port Moresby, PNG | 2004 | Unknown |
| F1623 | NA | Brisbane, Australia | 2009 | Susceptible |
| B7708/1839 | NA | Brisbane, Australia | 2003 | Susceptible |
| SD1 | NA | San Diego, CA | 1998 | Susceptible |
| SA-A53 | NA | South Africa | 2003 | Susceptible |
| CDC948 | NA | Chicago | NK | Highly Resistant |
| CDC1230 | NA | Atlanta | NK | Susceptible |
| SA-A19 | NA | South Africa | 2003 | Susceptible |
| SD10 | NA | San Diego, CA | 1998 | Susceptible |
| SA-384 | NA | South Africa | 2003 | Susceptible |
*NK: Not known
In the vaginal swab matrix, all isolates were detected at a concentration of 306 trophozoite/mL. In the urine matrix, B7708/1839 was detected at a concentration of 36 trophozoite/mL, CDC911, CDC1256, MOR31, CDC1095, CDC948 and SA-384 were all detected at a concentration of 16 trophozoite/mL, and the rest of the strains/isolates were detected at 8 trophozoite/mL.
## Cross Reactivity
A cross reactivity study was performed to determine the potential reactivity of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with a panel of 47 microorganisms (37 bacteria, 4 yeast, 4 viruses, 2 parasites) that included common flora of the female genitourinary tract, opportunistic organisms and closely related organisms. Each microorganism was diluted in either vaginal swab or urine negative clinical matrix to the desired concentration (10⁶ or higher CFU/mL for bacteria and yeast, 10⁶ or higher copies/mL for DNA/RNA and 10⁵ or higher TCID₅₀/mL for viruses) and tested in triplicate. Table 6 lists the microorganisms tested in the cross reactivity panel.
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Table 6: Cross Reactivity Study
| Microorganism | Stock Concentration | Microorganism | Stock Concentration |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Acinetobacter lwoffii | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Herpes simplex virus I | 1.0×105TCID50/mL |
| Actinomyces israelii | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Herpes simplex virus II | 1.0×105TCID50/mL |
| Atopobium vaginae | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Klebsiella oxytoca | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Bacteroides fragilis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Lactobacillus acidophilus | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Bifidobacterium adolescentis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Lactobacillus jensenii | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Campylobacter jejuni | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Lactobacillus vaginalis | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Candida albicans | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Listeria monocytogenes | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Candida glabrata | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Mobiluncus curtisii | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Candida parapsilosis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Mycoplasma hominis | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Candida tropicalis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Pentatrichomonas hominis | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Clostridium difficile | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Prevotella bivia | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Clostridium perfringens | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Propionibacterium acnes | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Corynebacterium genitalium | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Proteus mirabilis | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Cryptococcus neoformans | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Enterobacter aerogenes | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Staphylococcus epidermidis | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Escherichia coli | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Streptococcus pyogenes | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Fusobacterium nucleatum | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Streptococcus agalactiae | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Gardnerella vaginalis | 1.0×106CFU/mL | Trichomonas tenax | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
| Haemophilus ducreyi | 1.0×106copies/mL | Enterobacter cloacae | 1.0×106CFU/mL |
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| Microorganism | Concentration | Microorganism | Stock Concentration |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| HIV-1 Subtype B RNA | 1.0×105RNA copies/mL | HPV 16 (SiHa) | 1.0×105copies/mL |
| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius | 1.0×106copies/mL | Ureaplasma urealyticum DNA | 1.23 x108copies/mL |
| Synthetic Mycoplasma genitalium DNA | 1.0×106copies/mL | | |
No cross reactivity was seen on the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with any of the 47 microorganisms tested.
# Microbial Interference
The $T.$ vaginalis strains G3 and CDC888 were inoculated in both vaginal swab and urine negative clinical matrix at their respective 2X LoD concentrations in the presence of the 47 microorganisms tested in the cross reactivity study to determine if the presence of the microorganisms interfered with the ability of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay to detect $T.$ vaginalis. Each microorganism was diluted in negative clinical matrix at a concentration of $10^{6}$ or higher CFU/mL for bacteria and yeast, $10^{6}$ or higher copies/mL for DNA/RNA and $10^{5}$ or higher $\mathrm{TCID}_{50} / \mathrm{mL}$ for viruses and tested in triplicate in the presence of the two $T.$ vaginalis strains. No microbial interference was observed with the detection of each of the two $T.$ vaginalis strains in either the vaginal or urine matrices.
# Interfering substances
Vaginal swab matrix: A study was conducted to determine whether a panel of 14 substances potentially present in vaginal swab specimens would inhibit the detection of $T.$ vaginalis. Each of the potentially interfering substances was tested in triplicate in the presence or absence of two $T.$ vaginalis strains, G3 and CDC888, at their respective 2X LoD concentrations in negative vaginal matrix. The potentially interfering substances and the concentrations that were tested are listed in Table 7.
Table 7: Interfering substance study in vaginal swab matrix
| Class | Substances | Concentration Tested |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood | Whole blood with EDTA | 10% (v/v) |
| Seminal fluid | Seminal fluid | 1% (v/v) |
| Mucus | Mucin from Porcine Stomach | 1% (w/v) |
| Over the counter (OTC) vaginal products and contraceptives | K-Y Personal Lubricant Jelly | 1% (w/v) |
| | Ortho Options Gynol II Extra Strength Vaginal Contraceptive Jelly | 1% (w/v) |
| | Summer's Eve Ultra Extra Strength Feminine Deodorant Spray | 1% (w/v) |
{12}
| Class | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Vagisil Creme Maximum Strength | 1% (w/v) |
| | CVS Vinegar & Water Extra Cleansing Disposable Douche (Glacial acetic acid) | 1% (v/v) |
| | Summer's Eve Douche, Medicated | 1% (v/v) |
| Intravaginal Hormones | Estradiol | 1% (w/v) |
| Hemerrhoidal Cream | Preparation H | 1% (w/v) |
| Leukocytes | Leukocytes | 10^6 cells/mL |
| Prescription vaginal treatments | Acyclovir (Acycloguanosine) | 0.05% (w/v) (1% of active ingredient of Zovirax cream with Acyclovir at 5%) |
| | Metronidazole | 0.0075% (w/v) (1% of active ingredient of Vandazole gel with Metronidazole at 0.75%) |
None of the substances tested interfered with the ability of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay to detect $T.$ vaginalis at the 2X LoD concentration.
Urine matrix: A study was conducted to determine whether a panel of 17 substances potentially present in urine specimens would inhibit the detection of $T.$ vaginalis. Each of the potentially interfering substances was tested in triplicate in the presence or absence of two $T.$ vaginalis strains, G3 and CDC888, at their respective 2X LoD concentrations in negative urine matrix. The potentially interfering substances and the concentrations that were tested are listed in Table 8.
Table 8: Interfering substance study in urine matrix
| Class | Substances | Concentration Tested |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood | Whole blood with EDTA | 1% (v/v) |
| Seminal fluid | Seminal fluid | 5% (v/v) |
| Mucus | Mucin from Porcine Stomach | 1% (w/v) |
| Analgesics & Antibiotics | AZO Standard Urinary Relief Tablets (Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride) | 1.0 mg/mL |
| | Acetylsalicylic Acid | 8 mg/mL |
| | Acetaminophen | 3.2 mg/mL |
{13}
| Class | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Azithromycin | 1.0 mg/mL |
| | Doxycycline | 0.5 mg/mL |
| Over the counter
deodorant spray and
powder | Summer’s Eve Feminine Deodorant
Powder | 1% (w/v) |
| | Summer’s Eve Feminine Deodorant Spray | 1% (w/v) |
| Albumin | Human Albumin | 10 mg/ml |
| Glucose | Glucose | 10 mg/ml |
| Bilirubin | Bilirubin | 1 mg/ml |
| Acidic Urine (pH 4.0) | Urine + N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine | pH 4.0 |
| Alkaline Urine (pH
9.0) | Urine + Ammonium Citrate & Sodium
hydroxide | pH 9.0 |
| Leukocytes | Leukocytes | 10^{6} cells/mL |
| Intravaginal
Hormones | Estradiol | 1% (w/v) |
None of the substances tested interfered with the ability of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay to detect *T. vaginalis* at the 2X LoD concentration.
## Carry-over/Cross Contamination
A carry-over/cross contamination study was performed to determine if the testing of high positive samples had the potential to cross-contaminate negative samples being processed at the same time during the Solana® Trichomonas Assay reaction. High positive samples containing approximately $10^{6}$ trophozoites/mL in negative clinical matrix were alternated with negative samples (clinical matrix alone) and tested using the Solana® Trichomonas Assay. Two operators tested a total of 50 positive and 50 negative samples in multiple runs. Each run tested 5 positive and 5 negative samples in alternating order and included positive and negative controls. Upon testing, $100\%$ of the negative samples yielded negative results, indicating that no carry-over or cross contamination occurred.
## f. Assay cut-off:
The cutoff value for the Solana® Trichomonas Assay was determined based on specific parameters of the amplification curve calculated from negative samples and contrived samples at concentrations near the LoD. These parameters included the slope of the amplification curve for samples near the LoD (“slope threshold”) and the time required to reach the slope threshold. The cutoff was set based on the longest amount of time to obtain a positive amplification result.
{14}
# 2. Comparison studies:
a. Method comparison with predicate device:
Not applicable
b. Matrix comparison:
Not applicable
# 3. Clinical studies:
a. Clinical Sensitivity and Specificity:
A multi-center clinical study was performed to evaluate the Solana® Trichomonas Assay using 1044 clinician-collected vaginal swab and urine specimens obtained from 501 asymptomatic and 543 symptomatic patients. The study was performed November 2015 through March 2016 at 4 locations in the United States.
# Vaginal Swab Specimens:
For each subject, three vaginal swab specimens were collected using the BD BBL™ CultureSwab collection kit with liquid Stuart's transport media, and one vaginal swab specimen was collected using a collection kit from an FDA-cleared molecular device. The four clinician collected vaginal swabs were used for reference and Solana testing. The first two swabs were randomized and used for the reference method testing, which consisted of wet mount and InPouch TV Culture. The third swab was used for testing the Solana® Trichomonas Assay. The FDA-cleared molecular device collection swab was used for discordant testing. The specimen was considered positive if either of the two reference methods returned a positive result.
Ten vaginal swab specimens generated invalid results upon initial testing with the Solana® Trichomonas Assay (0.96%). Nine of these specimens generated valid results upon re-testing (6 negative and 3 positive), and one specimen generated a second invalid result (0.1%). Table 9 below shows the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay and the prevalence of $T$ vaginalis (by asymptomatic, symptomatic clinician designations and combined) for the remaining 1043 subjects.
Table 9: Clinical performance of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with clinician-collected vaginal swabs
| Performance Characteristics of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with Vaginal Swabs by Symptom Status compared to the Composite Reference Method | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Site Number | Symptom Status | N | TP | FP | TN | FN | Prev. % | Sensitivity % (95% CI) | Specificity % (95% CI) | PPV % (95% CI) | NPV % (95% CI) |
| Combined | Asymptomatic | 501 | 50 | 5 | 446 | 0 | 10.0 | 100 (92.9 to 100) | 98.9 (97.4 to 99.5) | 90.9 (80.4 to 96.1) | 100 (99.1 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 542 | 69 | 7 | 465 | 1 | 12.9 | 98.6 (92.3 to 99.7) | 98.5 (97.0 to 99.3) | 90.8 (82.2 to 95.5) | 99.8 (98.8 to 100) |
| | All | 1043 | 119 | 12* | 911 | 1** | 11.5 | 99.2 (95.4 to 99.9) | 98.7 (97.7 to 99.3) | 90.8 (84.7 to 94.7) | 99.7 (99.4 to 100) |
{15}
| Performance Characteristics of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with Vaginal Swabs by Symptom Status compared to the Composite Reference Method | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Site Number | Symptom Status | N | TP | FP | TN | FN | Prev.% | Sensitivity % (95% CI) | Specificity % (95% CI) | PPV % (95% CI) | NPV % (95% CI) |
| Site 1 | Asymptomatic | 77 | 7 | 0 | 70 | 0 | 9.1 | 100 (64.6 to 100) | 100 (94.8 to 100) | 100 (64.6 to 100) | 100 (94.8 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 27 | 2 | 1 | 24 | 0 | 7.4 | 100 (34.2 to 100) | 96.0 (80.5 to 99.3) | 66.7 (20.8 to 93.9) | 100 (86.2 to 100) |
| | All | 104 | 9 | 1 | 94 | 0 | 8.7 | 100 (70.1 to 100) | 98.9 (94.3 to 99.8) | 90.0 (59.6 to 98.2) | 100 (96.1 to 100) |
| Site 2 | Asymptomatic | 108 | 13 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 12.0 | 100 (77.2 to 100) | 100 (96.1 to 100) | 100 (77.2 to 100) | 100 (96.1 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 213 | 37 | 2 | 174 | 0 | 17.4 | 100 (90.6 to 100) | 98.9 (80.5 to 99.3) | 94.9 (83.1 to 98.6) | 100 (97.8 to 100) |
| | All | 321 | 50 | 2 | 269 | 0 | 15.6 | 100 (92.9 to 100) | 99.3 (97.3 to 99.8) | 96.2 (87.0 to 98.9) | 100 (98.6 to 100) |
| Site 3 | Asymptomatic | 146 | 19 | 1 | 126 | 0 | 13.0 | 100 (83.2 to 100) | 99.2 (95.7 to 99.9) | 95.0 (76.4 to 99.1) | 100 (97.0 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 67 | 9 | 1 | 57 | 0 | 13.4 | 100 (70.1 to 100) | 98.3 (90.9 to 99.7) | 90.0 (59.6 to 98.2) | 100 (93.7 to 100) |
| | All | 213 | 28 | 2 | 183 | 0 | 13.1 | 100 (87.9 to 100) | 98.9 (96.1 to 99.7) | 85.9 (76.0 to 92.2) | 100 (99.3 to 100) |
| Site 4 | Asymptomatic | 170 | 11 | 4 | 155 | 0 | 6.5 | 100 (74.1 to 100) | 97.5 (93.7 to 99.0) | 73.3 (48.0 to 89.1) | 100 (97.6 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 235 | 21 | 3 | 210 | 1 | 9.4 | 95.5 (78.2 to 99.2) | 98.6 (95.9 to 99.5) | 87.5 (69.0 to 95.7) | 99.5 (97.4 to 99.9) |
| | All | 405 | 32 | 7 | 365 | 1 | 8.1 | 97.0 (84.7 to 99.5) | 98.1 (96.2 to 99.1) | 82.1 (67.3 to 91.0) | 99.7 (98.5 to 100) |
# Urine Specimens:
For the urine specimens, 5 specimens generated invalid results upon initial testing $(0.5\%)$ . All 5 of these specimens generated valid results upon re-testing (4 negative and 1 positive result). Table 10 below shows the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay and the prevalence of $T.$ vaginalis (by asymptomatic, symptomatic clinician designations and combined) for the 1044 subjects.
Table 10: Clinical performance of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with urine
| Performance Characteristics of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with Urine Specimens by Symptom Status compared to the Composite Reference Method | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Site Number | Symptom Status | N | TP | FP | TN | FN | Prev% | Sensitivity% (95% CI) | Specificity% (95% CI) | PPV % (95% CI) | NPV % (95% CI) |
| Combined | Asymptomatic | 501 | 49 | 7 | 444 | 1 | 10.0 | 98.0 (89.5 to 99.6) | 98.4 (96.8 to 99.2) | 87.5 (76.4 to 93.8) | 99.8 (98.7 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 543 | 65 | 10 | 463 | 5 | 12.9 | 92.9 (84.3 to 96.9) | 97.9 (96.2 to 98.8) | 86.7 (77.2 to 92.6) | 98.9 (97.5 to 99.5) |
| | All | 1044 | 114 | 17 | 907 | 6 | 11.5 | 95.0 (89.5 to 97.7) | 98.2 (97.1 to 98.8) | 87.0 (80.2 to 91.7) | 99.3 (98.6 to 99.7) |
| Site 1 | Asymptomatic | 77 | 6 | 0 | 70 | 1 | 9.1 | 85.7 (48.7 to 97.4) | 100 (94.8 to 100) | 100 (61.0 to 100) | 98.6 (92.4 to 99.8) |
| | Symptomatic | 27 | 2 | 3 | 22 | 0 | 7.4 | 100 (34.2 to 100) | 88.0 (70.0 to 95.8) | 40.0 (11.8 t 76.9) | 100 (85.1 to 100) |
| | All | 104 | 8 | 3 | 92 | 1 | 8.7 | 88.9 (56.5 to 98.0) | 96.6 (91.1 to 98.9) | 72.7 (43.4 to 90.3) | 98.9 (94.2 to99.8) |
| Site 2 | Asymptomatic | 108 | 13 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 12.0 | 100 (77.2 to 100) | 100 (96.1 to 100) | 100 (77.2 to 100) | 100 (96.1 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 214 | 35 | 4 | 173 | 2 | 17.3 | 94.6 (82.3 to 98.5) | 97.7 (94.3 to 99.1) | 89.7 (76.4 to 95.9) | 98.9 (95.9 to 99.7) |
| | All | 322 | 48 | 4 | 268 | 2 | 15.5 | 96.0 (86.5 to 98.9) | 98.5 (96.3 to 99.4) | 92.3 (81.8 to 97.0) | 99.3 (97.3 to 99.8) |
| Site 3 | Asymptomatic | 146 | 19 | 1 | 126 | 0 | 13.0 | 100 (83.2 to 100) | 99.2 (95.7 to 99.9) | 95.0 (76.4 to 99.1) | 100 (97.0 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 67 | 9 | 0 | 58 | 0 | 13.4 | 100 (70.1 to 100) | 100 (93.8 to 100) | 100 (70.1 to 100) | 100 (93.8 to 100) |
{16}
| Performance Characteristics of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay with Urine Specimens by Symptom Status compared to the Composite Reference Method | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Site Number | Symptom Status | N | TP | FP | TN | FN | Prev% | Sensitivity% (95% CI) | Specificity% (95% CI) | PPV % (95% CI) | NPV % (95% CI) |
| | All | 213 | 28 | 1 | 184 | 0 | 13.1 | 100 (87.9 to 100) | 99.5 (97.0 to 99.9) | 96.6 (82.8 to 99.4) | 100 (97.9 to 100) |
| Site 4 | Asymptomatic | 170 | 11 | 6 | 153 | 0 | 6.5 | 100 (74.1 to 100) | 96.2 (92.0 to 98.3) | 64.7 (41.3 to 82.7) | 100 (97.6 to 100) |
| | Symptomatic | 235 | 19 | 3 | 210 | 3 | 9.4 | 86.4 (66.7 to 95.3) | 98.6 (95.9 to 99.5) | 86.4 (66.7 to 95.3) | 99.5 (97.4 to 99.9) |
| | All | 405 | 30 | 9 | 363 | 3 | 8.1 | 90.9 (76.4 to 96.9) | 97.6 (95.5 to 98.7) | 76.9 (61.7 to 87.4) | 99.2 (97.6 to 99.7) |
b. Other clinical supportive data (when a. and b. are not applicable):
Not applicable
# 4. Clinical cut-off:
Not applicable
# 5. Expected values/Reference range:
The prevalence of $T.$ vaginalis (by asymptomatic, symptomatic status and combined) detected by the Solana® Trichomonas Assay in the multi-center clinical study was calculated for the vaginal swab and urine specimen types and is provided in Table 11 below:
Table 11: Prevalence of TV by study site
| Study Prevalence | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Swab specimens | | | | | |
| Symptom Status | Combined | Site 1 | Site 2 | Site 3 | Site 4 |
| Asymptomatic | 10.0% | 9.1% | 12.0% | 13.0% | 6.5% |
| Symptomatic | 12.9% | 7.4% | 17.4% | 13.4% | 9.4% |
| Combined | 11.5% | 8.7% | 15.6% | 13.1% | 8.1% |
| Urine specimens | | | | | |
| Symptom Status | Combined | Site 1 | Site 2 | Site 3 | Site 4 |
| Asymptomatic | 10.0% | 9.1% | 12.0% | 13.0% | 6.5% |
| Symptomatic | 12.9% | 7.4% | 17.3% | 13.4% | 9.4% |
| Combined | 11.5% | 8.7% | 15.5% | 13.1% | 8.1% |
The estimated positive and negative predictive values of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay across different hypothetical prevalence rates for the vaginal swab and urine specimen types are listed below in Tables 12 and 13, respectively. These values are based on the sensitivity and specificity estimates for each specimen type from the clinical study.
{17}
18
Table 12: Positive and Negative Predictive Values of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay Vaginal Swab Specimens
| Hypothetical PPV and NPV of the Solana Trichomonas Assay with clinician-collected vaginal swab specimens | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence % | PPV (%) | NPV (%) |
| 1 | 43.5 | 100 |
| 2 | 60.9 | 100 |
| 5 | 80.1 | 100 |
| 10 | 89.5 | 99.9 |
| 15 | 93.1 | 99.9 |
| 20 | 95.0 | 99.8 |
| 25 | 96.2 | 99.7 |
Table 13: Positive and Negative Predictive Values of the Solana® Trichomonas Assay Urine Specimens
| Hypothetical PPV and NPV of the Solana Trichomonas Assay with Urine specimens | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence % | PPV (%) | NPV (%) |
| 1 | 38.0 | 100 |
| 2 | 55.1 | 100 |
| 5 | 76.6 | 99.9 |
| 10 | 86.6 | 99.8 |
| 15 | 91.7 | 99.6 |
| 20 | 94.0 | 99.5 |
| 25 | 95.4 | 99.3 |
N. Instrument Name:
Solana® Instrument
O. System Descriptions:
1. Modes of Operation:
Does the applicant’s device contain the ability to transmit data to a computer, webserver, or mobile device?
Yes _______ or No ☐ X
Does the applicant’s device transmit data to a computer, webserver, or mobile device using wireless transmission?
Yes _______ or No ☐ X
{18}
2. Software:
FDA has reviewed applicant’s Hazard Analysis and software development processes for this line of product types:
Yes ☐ X ☐ or No ☐
3. Specimen Identification:
Specimens are identified by scanning a barcode or by manual entry.
4. Specimen Sampling and Handling:
A vaginal swab is expressed into a swab lysis tube or a urine specimen is added to a urine lysis tube. After heat lysis, 50 μl of lysed specimen is transferred to dilution tube, 50 μl of which is then transferred to a reaction tube for automated amplification and detection. See section I above for more information.
5. Calibration:
The end user is not required to calibrate the instrument. Automated calibration happens by comparing between the measured magnitude of the optical signal of and an integrated calibration standard and the expected magnitude of the optical signal.
6. Quality Control:
See section M.1.c for information on internal and external controls.
See section M.3.a for information on external control performance during clinical trials.
P. Other Supportive Instrument Performance Characteristics Data Not Covered In The "Performance Characteristics" Section above:
Not applicable
Q. Proposed Labeling:
The labeling is sufficient and it satisfies the requirements of 21 CFR Part 809.10.
R. Conclusion:
The submitted information in this premarket notification is complete and supports a substantial equivalence decision.
19
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.