The cobas 8000 ISE module is a fully automated ion-specific analyzer intended for the in vitro potentiometric determination of chloride, potassium, and sodium in serum, plasma, and urine using ion-selective electrodes. Measurements obtained by this device are used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases or conditions involving electrolyte imbalance.
Device Story
The cobas 8000 ISE module is a fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer; it uses ion-selective electrodes (ISE) to measure sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations in serum, plasma, and urine. The system performs indirect potentiometric measurements by diluting samples with ISE diluent (1:46 ratio for standard range; 1:31 for under-range rerun). The device features an automatic rerun function that triggers when results fall below the standard range (20-59.9 mmol/L for Na/Cl), utilizing an increased sample volume (15 μl vs 10 μl). It employs an LHH (Low/High/High) calibration scheme where three standards are used, with S3 acting as a compensator. The device outputs quantitative electrolyte concentrations to the operator. It is intended for use in clinical laboratory settings by trained personnel. The output assists clinicians in diagnosing and managing electrolyte-related diseases. Benefits include automated range extension and improved calibration accuracy.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Precision studies (within-run and intermediate) were conducted using human urine pools and controls. Linearity was verified for both standard and extended ranges using CLSI EP6-A. Method comparison studies against reference methods (Flame Photometer, Coulometer) and the predicate device showed high correlation (r > 0.99). Interference testing confirmed no significant impact from common drugs, hemoglobin, bilirubin, or pH variations (3.7-8.7).
Technological Characteristics
Ion-selective electrodes (Na, K, Cl, Reference) with open liquid junction membranes. Indirect potentiometric measurement via 1:46 or 1:31 dilution. LHH calibration scheme. Automated sample handling and rerun logic. Operates on the cobas 8000 ISE Modular Analyzer platform. Complies with CLSI EP5-A2, EP6-A, and EP17-A2 standards.
Indications for Use
Indicated for in vitro potentiometric determination of chloride, potassium, and sodium in serum, plasma, and urine for patients requiring diagnosis and treatment of diseases or conditions involving electrolyte imbalance.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A sodium test system is a device intended to measure sodium in serum, plasma, and urine. Measurements obtained by this device are used in the diagnosis and treatment of aldosteronism (excessive secretion of the hormone aldosterone), diabetes insipidus (chronic excretion of large amounts of dilute urine, accompanied by extreme thirst), adrenal hypertension, Addison's disease (caused by destruction of the adrenal glands), dehydration, inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, or other diseases involving electrolyte imbalance.
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510(k) SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE DETERMINATION
DECISION SUMMARY
ASSAY ONLY TEMPLATE
A. 510(k) Number:
k140373
B. Purpose for Submission:
The cobas 8000 ISE module and the ISE Gen 2 reagents were previously cleared for serum and plasma sample types under k100853 and urine was added as a sample type in k123726. In this submission, the measurement of urine has been modified to (1) add a measuring range extension below the standard measuring range (Under Range Rerun) and (2) to include a new LHH calibration scheme (Low/High/High) in which all three standards (S1, S2 and S3) are used for the full calibration with S3 used as a compensator. The LHH calibration scheme applies to the standard measuring range and extended measuring range.
C. Measurand:
Sodium, potassium, and chloride
D. Type of Test:
Quantitative, indirect potentiometric measurement with ion-selective electrodes
E. Applicant:
Roche Diagnostics
F. Proprietary and Established Names:
cobas 8000 ISE Indirect Na, K, Cl for Gen 2.
G. Regulatory Information:
| Panel | Product Code | Class | Classification Name | Regulation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Clinical Chemistry (75) | JGS | II | Ion Specific Electrode, Sodium | 21 CFR 862.1665 |
| Clinical Chemistry (75) | CEM | II | Ion Specific Electrode, Potassium | 21 CFR 862.1600 |
| Clinical Chemistry (75) | CGZ | II | Ion Specific Electrode, Chloride | 21 CFR 862.1170 |
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H. Intended Use:
1. Intended use(s):
See Indication(s) for use below.
2. Indication(s) for use:
The cobas 8000 ISE module is a fully automated ion-specific analyzer intended for the in vitro potentiometric determination of chloride, potassium, and sodium in serum, plasma, and urine using ion-selective electrodes. Measurements obtained by this device are used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases or conditions involving electrolyte imbalance.
3. Special conditions for use statement(s):
For in vitro diagnostic use only.
For prescription use.
4. Special instrument requirements:
cobas 8000 ISE Modular Analyzer
I. Device Description:
The cobas 8000 ISE module is an Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE) system for the determination of sodium, potassium, and chloride in serum, plasma, and urine. The ISE module includes a sodium electrode, a chloride electrode, a potassium electrode, a reference electrode, an ISE calibrator and an ISE Compensator.
J. Substantial Equivalence Information:
1. Predicate device name(s):
cobas 8000 ISE Indirect Na, K, Cl for Gen. 2
2. Predicate 510(k) number(s):
k123726
3. Comparison with predicate:
The following tables compare the cobas 8000 ISE module and its predicate device, the cobas 8000 ISE Module cleared under k123726.
| Similarities | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Parameter | cobas 8000 Urine ISE (k123726) | cobas 8000 Urine ISE (k140373) |
| Intended Use | The cobas 8000 ISE module is intended for the | Same |
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| | quantitative determination of chloride, potassium, and sodium in serum, plasma, and urine using ion-selective electrodes. | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Measurement principle | ISE Potentiometry | Same |
| Ion selective electrodes (ISE) | Potentiometric chloride, potassium, sodium and reference electrodes | Same |
| Reportable range for urine | 60-350 mmol/L (Sodium and Chloride) 3-100 mmol/L (Potassium) | Same |
| Differences | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Parameter | Predicate device (k123726) | Candidate device (k140373) |
| Extended Range | No Extended Range | 20-59.9 mmol/L via Under Range application for Sodium and Chloride |
| Calibration scheme | L/H/Sc (Low/High/Serum compensator) | LHH (Low/High/High) |
# K. Standard/Guidance Document Referenced (if applicable):
CLSI EP5-A2: Evaluation of Precision of Clinical Chemistry Devices.
CLSI EP6-A: Evaluation of the Linearity of Quantitative Measurement Procedures: A Statistical Approach.
CLSI EP17-A2: Evaluation of Detection Capability for Clinical Laboratory Measurement Procedures.
# L. Test Principle:
Sodium, potassium and chloride are measured using ion-selective electrodes utilizing an indirect (diluted) method where urine samples are automatically diluted at 1:46 ratio (standard range) or 1:31 (under range) using ISE diluent. Each of the electrodes (Sodium, Potassium and Chloride) has a membrane with an open liquid junction that is ion-selective. The reference electrode uses the same design of the ion-electrodes and it is exclusively used as a reference for every measurement. The difference of all voltages between the reference electrode and any ion-selective electrode is a measure for the concentration of individual ions. For every test, the voltages of both ISE internal standard and diluted sample solution are measured for each type of ions (Sodium, Potassium and Chloride). The measurement of
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all electrodes is performed in parallel. The resulting voltages are converted into operator readable results.
# M. Performance Characteristics (if/when applicable):
# 1. Analytical performance:
# a. Precision/Reproducibility:
Precision studies for the cobas 8000 ISE electrodes for the measurement of Na, K, and Cl using the LHH calibration scheme were performed using one analyzer, one site, one lot of reagent, and six samples. The six samples used for the precision testing were comprised of four human urine sample pools (HU) of varying concentrations (low, mid, Medical Decision Level (MDL), and high) for each analyte; and Liquichek Level 1 and Liquichek Level 2 controls. Separate studies were conducted for the normal (standard) assay measuring range (sample volume $10\mu \mathrm{l}$ ) and the automatic rerun using increased sample volume ( $15\mu \mathrm{l}$ ).
The within run precision study was performed with 21 single determinations for each analyte. The intermediate precision was performed over a period of 21 days, two runs per day, and two aliquots per run for a total of 84 samples per analyte. The summaries for the precision studies are presented in the tables below:
Within Run Precision
Sodium (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 83.4 | 175.6 | 69.9 | 174.5 | 347.2 |
| SD | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 |
| %CV | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Potassium (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 30.64 | 66.22 | 3.47 | 50.7 | 93.48 |
| SD | 0.2 | 0.61 | 0.01 | 0.26 | 0.58 |
| %CV | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
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Chloride (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 97.5 | 193.2 | 65.3 | 167.6 | 333.5 |
| SD | 0.9 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 3.5 |
| %CV | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 |
Sodium Rerun, 20.0-59.9 mmol/L (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU MDL | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 42.1 | 32.2 | 24.7 | 37.7 | 31.7 | 56.8 |
| SD | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| %CV | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
Chloride Rerun, 20.0-59.9 mmol/L (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU MDL | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 43.7 | 29.0 | 21.6 | 34.2 | 28.0 | 55.0 |
| SD | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| %CV | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
Total (Intermediate) Precision
Sodium (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 83.4 | 175.6 | 69.9 | 174.5 | 347.2 |
| SD | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 2.8 |
| %CV | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
Potassium (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 30.64 | 66.22 | 3.47 | 50.7 | 93.48 |
| SD | 0.32 | 1.14 | 0.04 | 0.63 | 1.82 |
| %CV | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.9 |
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Chloride (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 97.5 | 193.2 | 65.3 | 167.6 | 333.5 |
| SD | 0.9 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 3.5 |
| %CV | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 |
Sodium Rerun, 20.0-59.9 mmol/L (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU MDL | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 42.1 | 32.2 | 24.7 | 37.7 | 31.7 | 56.8 |
| SD | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
| %CV | 2.5 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 1.9 |
Chloride Rerun, 20.0-59.9 mmol/L (Urine)
| Sample | Liq 1 | Liq 2 | HU low | HU med | HU MDL | HU high |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unit | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L | mmol/L |
| n | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Mean | 43.7 | 29.0 | 21.6 | 34.2 | 28.0 | 55.0 |
| SD | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| %CV | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 1.7 |
b. Linearity/assay reportable range:
The measuring range is 60-350 mmol/L for sodium and chloride in urine on the cobas 8000 ISE module (standard range). The sponsor has added an automatic rerun function for measurement of the sodium and chloride in urine in the low range (Under Range) of 20-59.9 mmol/L.
The Under Range rerun is triggered automatically when the initial sample result is measured below the standard measuring range for sodium and/or chloride samples (below 60 mmol/L). A rerun order is automatically generated by the software and a new sample is measured using an increased sample volume of 15 μl instead of the standard 10 μl (sample dilution ratio of 1:31 vs. 1:46, respectively) to rerun the patient sample. The current measuring range for potassium in urine is 3-100 mmol/L and this range is not being expanded.
Linearity studies were performed according to CLSI EP6-A for the automatic rerun function. A dilution series of eleven concentrations was prepared using urine sample
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pools for each of the analytes and tested in triplicate. Linear regression analysis was done according to EP6-A. Linear regression summary results are presented in the table below:
Linearity Analysis for Automatic Rerun
| Analyte | Slope | Intercept | Concentration range of samples tested (mmol/L) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sodium | 0.9834 | 1.385 | 18.1 to 61.8 |
| Chloride | 1.0189 | -0.5900 | 16.5 to 60.1 |
Additional linearity studies were performed for the standard measuring range with LHH calibration scheme. Linear regression summary results are presented in the table below:
Linearity Analysis for Standard Measuring Range
| Analyte | Slope | Intercept | Concentration range of samples tested (mmol/L) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sodium | 1.0214 | -2.8874 | 60.0 to 350.0 |
| Potassium | 1.0274 | -0.031 | 3.0 to 110.0 |
| Chloride | 1.0024 | -7.0149 | 60.0 to 350.0 |
Linearity studies using the LHH calibration scheme support the sponsor's claimed measuring ranges for urine samples of 60-350 mmol/L (sodium and chloride) and 3-100 mmol/L (potassium) and the extended ranges of 20-59.9 mmol/L for sodium and chloride.
c. Traceability, Stability, Expected values (controls, calibrators, or methods):
The ISE Calibrators ISE Standard Low (S1) and ISE Standard High (S2 and S3) are standardized against primary calibrators prepared gravimetrically from purified salts. The calibrators were cleared in k132418. The LHH calibration scheme is being implemented for the cobas 8000 in this submission.
d. Detection limit:
Studies were carried out in accordance with CLSI Guidance Document EP17-A for sodium and chloride for the automatic rerun using increased sample volume. For determination of LoB, one analyte free sample was measured in five replicates, six runs, three days, on two cobas 8000 ISE modules. A total of 60 measurements were obtained per analyzer. For determination of LoD, five samples (one replicate) with low-analyte concentration were measured in six runs for three days on two cobas 8000 ISE modules. In total 60 measurements were obtained per analyzer. For LoQ studies, a low level sample set was prepared by diluting three human urine samples with an analyte free diluent (ISE Diluent). The low level sample set was tested in single replicate for three days in two runs per day on two cobas 8000 ISE modules.
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LoQ is defined as the concentration where total error is less than 30%. Results from the detection limit studies for the automatic rerun function are summarized in the table below:
| Analytes | LoB (mmol/L) | LoD (mmol/L) | LoQ (mmol/L) | Claimed Measuring Range (mmol/L) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sodium | 6.9 | 9.3 | 12.6 | 20.0 to 59.9 |
| Chloride | 6.3 | 7.4 | 9.8 | 20.0 to 59.9 |
For detection limit studies for potassium, the rerun function is not implemented. Therefore, a verification of the LoQ of the cobas 8000 ISE module was conducted for potassium. A low level sample set was prepared by diluting 3 human urine samples with an analyte free diluent (ISE Diluent). The low level sample set was tested in single replicate for three days in two runs per day on two cobas 8000 ISE modules. LoQ is defined by the sponsor as the concentration where total error is less than 30%. Results from the detection limit study are summarized in the table below:
| Analyte | LoQ (mmol/L) | Claimed Measuring Range (mmol/L) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Potassium | 1.13 | 3.0 to 100.0 |
Additional detection limit studies were performed to demonstrate that the LoB, LoD and LoQ for the standard range for sodium, potassium and chloride have not changed due to the proposed new LHH calibration method. Results from the detection limit study are summarized in the table below:
| Analytes | LoB (mmol/L) | LoD (mmol/L) | LoQ (mmol/L) | Claimed Measuring Range (mmol/L) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sodium | 8.1 | 9.8 | 15.51 | 60.0 to 350 |
| Chloride | 7.8 | 9.0 | 18.34 | 60.0 to 350 |
| Potassium | 0.28 | 0.35 | 1.13 | 3.0 to 100.0 |
e. Analytical specificity:
Interference testing was conducted for the automatic rerun using increased sample volume. Urine sample pools with known concentrations of each analyte were spiked with drugs and concentrations listed below. The analyte concentrations of the spiked aliquots were tested in triplicate and the mean of the triplicate determinations is compared to the analyte concentration of the reference sample which contains no drugs. The known concentration of the urine pools were 32.5 mmol/L for sodium and 27.6 mmol/L for chloride. Additionally, hemoglobin interference was tested by spiking a human urine sample (containing sodium and chloride at 22.1 mmol/L) with several concentrations of hemoglobin (105 to 1050 mg/dL). Conjugated bilirubin interference was tested by spiking a human urine sample (containing sodium at 43.5 mmol/L and chloride at 45.5 mmol/L) with several concentrations of conjugated bilirubin (1.0 to 66.0 mg/dL). Significant interference is defined by the sponsor as
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recovery $\geq \pm 10\%$ of the initial value. There was no significant interference for urine sodium or chloride when these analytes and interferents were tested at the concentrations indicated below.
| Drug | Highest concentration at which no significant interference |
| --- | --- |
| Acetaminophen | 3000 |
| N-Acetyl cysteine | 10 |
| Salicyluric acid | 6000 |
| Ascorbic acid | 4000 |
| Na-Cefoxitin | 12000 |
| Gentamycin Sulfate | 400 |
| Ibuprofen | 4000 |
| Levodopa | 1000 |
| Methyldopa | 2000 |
| Ofloxacine | 900 |
| Phenazopyridine | 300 |
| Tetracycline (Doxycycline) | 300 |
| Hemoglobin | 1000 |
| Conjugated bilirubin | 66 |
Evaluation of pH interference was conducted for the automatic rerun for sodium and chloride using urine samples (containing sodium at $34.7\mathrm{mmol/L}$ and chloride at 31.4 mmol/L) adjusted at pH values ranging from 3.7 to 8.7. There was no significant interference for sodium and chloride at pH range 3.7 to 8.7.
The above interference data obtained for the under range re-run function are consistent with the interference studies performed for the standard range function for sodium, potassium and chloride in k123726.
Interference data were provided for the ISE electrodes using the LHH function under k132418.
f. Assay cut-off:
Not applicable.
2. Comparison studies:
a. Method comparison with predicate device:
Sodium, potassium, and chloride values for urine samples were obtained on the cobas 8000 ISE module using the LHH calibration scheme and were compared to those determined on the corresponding reference method and to the predicate cobas 8000 ISE with the L/H/Sc calibration scheme. The reference methods used were: Flame
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Photometer IL 943 for sodium/potassium and coulometric (Chloride Analyzer 926S) for chloride. No more than 20% of the samples were either spiked or diluted to cover the measuring range. Samples in the normal assay range were run on the cobas 8000 ISE module using the LHH calibration method and compared to samples on the same analyzer using the existing L/H/Sc calibration method for the cobas 8000 ISE module. In addition, samples were tested in singlicate on one cobas 8000 ISE and were compared with the cobas c501 for the automatic rerun of sodium and chloride samples in the range of 20.0-59.9 mmol/L. The cobas c501 (k132418) was used as a comparator for the low range for sodium and chloride in addition to the Flame Photometer and Chloride Analyzer because it has the ability to measure in this range (20-250 mmol/L). The results were calculated using Passing/Bablok Linear regression. The method comparison result summary is shown in the tables below:
## Sodium Method Comparison
Flame photometer vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 106 | 69.2 to 337.4 | y = 0.997x + 0.984 | 0.9995 |
## Sodium Method Comparison
cobas 8000, existing L/H/Sc calibration method vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 65.3 to 342.1 | y = 1.021x - 4.562 | 0.9999 |
## Potassium Method Comparison
Flame photometer vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 99 | 3.80 to 86.30 | y = 1.014x + 0.507 | 0.9997 |
## Potassium Method Comparison
cobas 8000, existing L/H/Sc calibration method vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 4.87 to 96.94 | y = 1.021x - 0.208 | 0.9998 |
## Chloride Method Comparison
Coulometer vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 | 66.0 to 287.0 | y = 1.029x - 3.996 | 0.9995 |
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Chloride Method Comparison
cobas 8000, existing L/H/Sc calibration method vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 62.2 to 330.5 | y = 1.023x - 3.284 | 0.9998 |
Automatic Rerun Sodium Method Comparison
flame photometer vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 22.2 to 58.7 | y = 0.943x + 3.149 | 0.9991 |
Automatic Rerun Sodium Method Comparison
cobas c501 vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 24.2 to 59.8 | y = 0.962x + 1.11 | 0.9995 |
Automatic Rerun Chloride Method Comparison
coulometer vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 22.0 to 59.0 | y = 0.973x - 0.927 | 0.9987 |
Automatic Rerun Chloride Method Comparison
cobas c501 vs. cobas 8000, new L/H/H calibration method
| n | Range (mmol/L) | Regression Passing-Bablok | r |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 92 | 20.2 to 57.3 | y = 0.981x + 0.728 | 0.9992 |
b. Matrix comparison:
Not applicable
3. Clinical studies:
a. Clinical Sensitivity:
Not applicable.
b. Clinical specificity:
Not applicable.
c. Other clinical supportive data (when a. and b. are not applicable):
Not applicable.
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4. Clinical cut-off:
Not applicable.
5. Expected values/Reference range:
The expected values for adult based on 24-hour urine output are cited from the literature¹ in the labeling:
Sodium: 40 to 220 mmol/24h
Potassium: 25 to 125 mmol/24h
Chloride: 110 to 250 mmol/24h
¹ Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry, Fifth Edition, Edited by Carl A. Burlis and Edward R. Ashwood, W.B. Saunders Company, 2001:970, 1004,1009 (ISBN 0-7216-8634-6).
N. Proposed Labeling:
The labeling is sufficient and it satisfies the requirements of 21 CFR Part 809.10.
O. Conclusion:
The submitted information in this premarket notification is complete and supports a substantial equivalence decision.
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.