ASCEND is intended for use as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device for temporary relief of pain associated with sore and aching muscles in the lower extremities due to strain from exercise or normal household and work activities. ASCEND is intended for use as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain. The device may be used during sleep. The device is labeled for use only with compatible NeuroMetrix electrodes.
Device Story
ASCEND is a single-channel, over-the-counter transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS) for chronic intractable pain and lower extremity muscle pain. Device uses a microprocessor-controlled high-voltage circuit to deliver current-regulated, symmetrical biphasic rectangular pulses. Input is user-controlled intensity via push-button; output is electrical stimulation delivered through disposable, four-pad hydrogel electrode arrays. Device operates via internal rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery. Used by patients in home or sleep settings. User interface includes push-button for intensity and two-color LED for status/battery/error alerts. Safety features include automatic trip conditions for overload, no-load, high impedance, short circuit, and electrode peeling. Output parameters (frequency 60-100 Hz, mean 80 Hz) are fixed to ensure therapeutic delivery without complex user programming. Benefits include non-pharmacological pain management and ease of use for laypeople.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical trials performed. Evidence consists of bench testing (electrical, mechanical, software) and a prospective usability study (n=29). Usability study primary endpoint: 80% success rate for five core tasks. Results: 86.2% (95% CI: 68.3-96.1%) of participants successfully completed all tasks. Bench testing confirmed compliance with IEC 60601-1, IEC 60601-1-2, and IEC 60601-1-6.
Indicated for patients requiring temporary relief of pain in lower extremities due to exercise/household/work strain, or symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain. May be used during sleep. Contraindicated for use with non-NeuroMetrix electrodes.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator for pain relief is a device used to apply an electrical current to electrodes on a patient's skin to treat pain.
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510(k) Summary for ASCEND™M
# JUL 0 3 2014 KI40333
#### SPONSOR
NeuroMetrix, Inc. 62 Fourth Avenue : Waltham. MA 02451 USA
| Contact Person: | Rainer Maas |
|-----------------|------------------|
| Telephone: | (781) 314-2781 |
| Date Prepared: | February 7, 2014 |
#### DEVICE NAME
Proprietary Name: ASCEND Common/Usual Name: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator, TENS 882.5890 Classification Name: NUH Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator for pain relief
#### PREDICATE DEVICE
NeuroMetrix SENSUS (K130919) PDI Works Pain-Aid (K113037)
#### INTENDED USE
ASCEND is intended for use as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device for temporary relief of pain associated with sore and aching muscles in the lower extremities due to strain from exercise or normal household and work activities.
ASCEND is intended for use as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain.
The device may be used during sleep. The device is labeled for use only with compatible NeuroMetrix electrodes.
#### DEVICE DESCRIPTION
ASCEND is a single output-mode transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator for symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain that is available over the counter. The device utilizes a microprocessor running embedded software to control a high-voltage circuit that generates currentregulated stimulating pulses with specific technical characteristics including pulse shape, amplitude, The device is powered by an embedded rechargeable Lithium-Ion duration, pattern, and frequency. battery that is charged through a USB cable connected to an AC adapter.
The device delivers electrical stimulation to the user through disposable electrodes placed on the user's The device is labeled for use only with compatible NeuroMetrix electrodes (e.g. SENSUS body. Electrode, K121816), to which it connects through insulated female medical snap connectors embedded within its housing; no lead-wires are used. Compatible NeuroMetrix electrodes are comprised of four
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individual hydrogel pads arranged in a linear array. The hydrogel pads are electrically connected in pairs such that the two outer hydrogel pads constitute one electrode and the two inner hydrogel pads constitute a second electrode. The user interface consists of a push button and a two-color LED. The push button initiates and controls stimulation intensity. The LED indicates stimulation status, battery charging, and error conditions.
#### COMPARISON TO PREDICATES
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ASCEND has similar indications for use and identical technological characteristics as the cleared SENSUS device (K130919). The only substantive difference is that ASCEND is labeled for over-thecounter use while SENSUS is labeled for prescription use. The over-the-counter labeling is based on the substantial equivalence of ASCEND to PDI Works Pain-Aid (K 113037), a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator labeled for over-the-counter use and sold without a prescription. In further support of overthe-counter labeling, this submission includes results from a prospective usability study that demonstrates the safe, and effective use of ASCEND, as labeled, in the intended population.
#### Comparison of Indications for Use
As stated above, ASCEND has the similar indications for use as the cleared SENSUS device i.e., both are intended for use as a transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation device for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain, and may be used during sleep. The table below compares ASCEND, SENSUS and Pain-Aid indications for use. All three devices are indicated for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain.
| Comparison of Indications for Use. | | |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| NeuroMetrix ASCEND | NeuroMetrix SENSUS (K130919) | PDI Works Pain-Aid (K113037) |
| ASCEND is intended for use as a<br>transcutaneous electrical nerve<br>stimulation device for temporary<br>relief of pain associated with sore<br>and aching muscles in the lower<br>extremities due to strain from<br>exercise or normal household and<br>work activities. | The NeuroMetrix SENSUS is<br>intended for use as a transcutaneous<br>electric nerve stimulation device for<br>the symptomatic relief and<br>management of chronic intractable<br>pain. | To be used for temporary relief of<br>pain associated with sore and aching<br>muscles in the upper and lower<br>back, and upper and lower<br>extremities due to strain from<br>exercise or normal household and<br>work activities. |
| ASCEND is intended for use as a<br>transcutaneous electrical nerve<br>stimulation device for the<br>symptomatic relief and management<br>of chronic intractable pain. | The device may be used during<br>sleep. The device is labeled for use<br>only with the NeuroMetrix SENSUS<br>Electrode | To be used for the symptomatic<br>relief and management of chronic,<br>intractable pain and relief of pain<br>associated with arthritis. |
| The device may be used during<br>sleep. The device is labeled for use<br>only with compatible NeuroMetrix<br>electrodes. | | |
## f Indications for Use
#### Comparison of Technological Characteristics
ASCEND and SENSUS have identical technological characteristics. ASCEND and Pain-Aid have the same basic technological characteristics as listed below.
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- One stimulation channel
- Single output mode
- Patient controlled intensity .
- Fixed therapy session timer .
- LED indicator (no intensity display) .
- . Powered by battery
Both ASCEND and Pain-Aid have output specifications that are within the range of other FDA cleared transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators. In the case of ASCEND, the basic unit characteristics and output specifications are identical to those of the SENSUS device, which FDA recently cleared through its 510(k) review process (K130919); i.e., it is the same device. The basic unit characteristics and output specifications of ASCEND, SENSUS and Pain-Aid are summarized in the tables below.
There are no technical differences between ASCEND and SENSUS. The primary technical differences between ASCEND and Pain-Aid are the (i) pulse waveform shape and duration, (ii) maximum output current, (iii) pulse pattern, and (iv) trip conditions.
- (i) Pulse waveform shape and duration: ASCEND generates a symmetrical biphasic rectangular output current pulse. Pain-Aid generates an asymmetrical biphasic pulse with the initial phase rectangular. The ASCEND pulse duration is fixed at 100 usec per phase while the initial phase of the Pain-Aid pulse duration is modulated between 30 and 220 usec. Because the physiological effectiveness of nerve stimulation is dependent on total charge delivered, the shape of the pulse waveform does not impact device's effectiveness. In other words, either pulse waveform shape is effective. Therefore this difference does not raise new types of questions of safety or effectiveness.
- (ii) Maximum output current: ASCEND has a higher maximum output current; 100 mA as compared to Because the charge delivered per pulse is set by the patient to a strong but 63 mA in Pain-Aid. comfortable sensation, the charge delivered is, therapeutically effective with either device. Furthermore, ASCEND has the same maximum output current as the predicate SENSUS device. Therefore, this difference does not raise new types of questions of safety or effectiveness.
- (iii)Pulse pattern: ASCEND stimulates with a fixed duration pulse at a randomly varying frequency between 60 and 100 HZ with mean 80 Hz. Pain-Aid stimulates with pulses that cycle through a range of durations and frequencies between 2 and 100 Hz. This difference between ASCEND and Pain-Aid does not raise new types of safety or effectiveness guestions because (i) neither device gives the 1 . patient control over frequency, (ii) both devices are using standard TENS stimulation frequencies, (iii) random frequency stimulation is within the standard practice for TENS devices and is used in the predicate SENSUS device, and (iv) the clinical effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic intractable pain is not dependent on the use of modulated pulse trains such as those generated by Pain-Aid, and can be equally achieved through random frequency stimulation as delivered by ASCEND.
- (iv) Trip conditions: ASCEND has trip conditions not found in Pain-Aid. These include detection of over-load, no-load, insufficient charge, high impedance, and short circuit conditions. Detection of any of these immediately halts stimulation. ASCEND also includes an electrode peeling trip condition that addresses the potential hazard of electrode peeling during sleep. These trip conditions enhance the safety of ASCEND compared to Pain-Aid and therefore this difference does not raise · new types of questions of safety or effectiveness.
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| | Basic Unit Characteristics. | |
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| Parameter | NeuroMetrix<br>ASCEND | NeuroMetrix<br>SENSUS | PDI Works<br>Pain-Aid |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| 510(k) Number | (to be assigned) | K130919 | K113037 |
| Device Name and Model Number | ASCEND | SENSUS | Pain-Aid |
| Manufacturer | NeuroMetrix | NeuroMetrix | PDI Works |
| Power Source(s) | 3.7V Lithium-Ion<br>battery (rechargeable) | 3.7V Lithium-Ion<br>battery (rechargeable) | 3V Lithium battery (non-rechargeable) |
| Method of Line Current Isolation | Physically isolated; device cannot connect to electrodes and battery recharger concurrently | Physically isolated; device cannot connect to electrodes and battery recharger concurrently | Non-rechargeable, no connection to line current |
| Patient Leakage Current | | | |
| Normal Condition | Battery powered (< 10 μA) | Battery powered (< 10 μA) | Battery powered |
| Single Fault Condition | Battery powered (< 100 μA) | Battery powered (< 100 μA) | Battery powered |
| Average DC current through electrodes when device is on but no stimulation | < 1 μA | < 1 μA | Information not available |
| Number of Output Modes | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Number of output channels | Synchronous or alternating | 1 | 1 |
| Method of channel isolation | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Regulated Current or Regulated Voltage | Current | Current | Current |
| Software/Firmware/Microprocessor Control | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Automatic Overload Trip? | Yes | Yes | No |
| Automatic No-Load Trip? | Yes | Yes | No |
| Automatic Shut Off? | Yes, after timer elapses or on trip condition | Yes, after timer elapses or on trip condition | Yes, after timer elapses |
| User Override Control? | Yes | Yes | No |
| Indicator Display: | | | |
| On/Off Status? | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Low Battery? | Yes | Yes | No |
| Voltage/Current Level? | No | No | No |
| Timer Range | 60 minutes | 60 minutes | 30 minutes |
| Compliance with Voluntary Standards | IEC 60601-1<br>IEC 60601-1-2 | IEC 60601-1<br>IEC 60601-1-2 | IEC 60601-1<br>IEC 60601-1-2 |
| Compliance with 21 CFR 898 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Weight | 82g | 82g | 20 g |
| Dimensions (W x H x D) | 176mm x 63mm x 18mm | 176mm x 63mm x 18mm | 64mm x 38mm x 13mm |
| Housing Materials & Construction | Plastic, Velcro® straps (Nylon) | Plastic, Velcro® straps (Nylon) | Plastic |
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| Output Specifications. | Parameter | NeuroMetrix<br>ASCEND | NeuroMetrix<br>SENSUS | PDI Works Pain-<br>Aid (K113037) |
|------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Mode or Program Name | | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Waveform | | Biphasic, Symmetrical | Biphasic, Symmetrical | Biphasic,<br>Asymmetrical |
| Shape (output current) | | Rectangular | Rectangular | Rectangular |
| Maximum Output Voltage (10 +/- %) | | 50 V @500 Ω<br>100 V @2000 Ω<br>100 V @10000 Ω | 50 V @500 Ω<br>100 V @2000 Ω<br>100 V @10000 Ω | Information not<br>available |
| Maximum Output Current (10 +/- %) | | 100 mA @500 Ω<br>50 mA @2000 Ω<br>10 mA @10000 Ω | 100 mA @500 Ω<br>50 mA @2000 Ω<br>10 mA @10000 Ω | 63 mA @500 Ω |
| Duration of primary (depolarizing) phase | | 100 µs | 100 µs | 30 - 220 µs<br>(modulated) |
| Pulse Duration (both phases) | | 200 µs, additional 30<br>µs inter-phase delay | 200 µs, additional 30<br>µs inter-phase delay | Information not<br>available |
| Frequency | | Random, mean 80 Hz,<br>uniform distribution<br>60 - 100 Hz | Random, mean 80 Hz,<br>uniform distribution<br>60 - 100 Hz | 2 - 100 Hz<br>(modulated) |
| For multiphasic waveforms<br>only: | Symmetrical<br>phases | Yes | Yes | No |
| | Phase Duration | 100 µs (each phase) | 100 µs (each phase) | 30 -220 µs<br>(depolarizing<br>phase, modulated) |
| Net Charge (per pulse) | | Nominally 0 µC @<br>500Ω, zero net current | Nominally 0 µC @<br>500Ω, zero net current | Information not<br>available |
| Maximum Phase Charge | | 10 µC @ 500Ω<br>10 µC @ 1000Ω | 10 µC @ 500Ω<br>10 µC @ 1000Ω | Information not<br>available |
| Maximum Current Density (r.m.s.) | | 0.51 mA/cm² @ 500Ω | 0.51 mA/cm² @ 500Ω | Information not<br>available |
| Maximum Average Current . | | 1.6 mA @ 500 Ω | 1.6 mA @ 500 Ω | Information not<br>available |
| Maximum Average Power Density | | 3.6 mW/cm² @ 500Ω | 3.6 mW/cm² @ 500Ω | Information not<br>available |
| Burst Mode | Pulses per burst | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| | Bursts per second | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| | Burst duration | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| | Duty Cycle | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| ON Time | | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OFF Time | | N/A | N/A | N/A |
#### Comparison of Usability Characteristics
ASCEND and SENSUS have identical usability characteristics. ASCEND and Pain-Aid have easy-to-use controls that support their over-the-counter use without a prescription. The primary differences between the devices are the number of push buttons used to control the device and the primary mode of setting the therapeutic intensity. ASCEND uses short and long button press sequences to accomplish the same control functions with 1 button for which Pain-Aid uses 3 buttons. This difference is a convenience that does not raise new types of safety or effectiveness questions. ASCEND offers a configuration procedure whereby the therapeutic intensity is determined from the user's sensation threshold. This function provides a convenient way to set the intensity within the expected therapeutic window. Once set through configuration, the intensity can be manually adjusted up or down. Pain-Aid does not provide a similar configuration procedure; the user must set the therapeutic intensity manually. This difference between
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the devices is one of convenience. Because both devices allow for manual adjustment, ASCEND's additional convenience feature does not raise new types of safety or effectiveness questions. Summarv
ASCEND has identical indications for use and technological characteristics as the cleared SENSUS device, and the only difference is that ASCEND is labeled for over-the-counter use. Usability testing discussed below shows this difference has no safety or effectiveness significance. ASCEND and Pain-Aid have unit characteristics and output specifications that are within the range of legally-marketed transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators. Both devices are indicated for symptomatic relief and The differences management of chronic intractable pain and have similar usability characteristics. between the two devices do not raise new types of safety or effectiveness questions. As a result, ASCEND is substantially equivalent to SENSUS and Pain-Aid.
#### USABILITY STUDY
The objective of the usability study was to validate that previously untrained users can operate ASCEND in a safe and effective manner based on their reading and following of the directions for use contained in the device labeling without the supervision or assistance of a medical professional. Specifically, the usability study examined labeling consisting of an instructional video and quick start instructions. These materials cover five basic device tasks: checking battery, placing device and configuring, starting a therapy session, modifying stimulation intensity, and stopping a therapy session. The acceptance criterion was that at least 80% of participants successfully completed all five tasks.
A total of 29 participants were enrolled, all of which completed the study. No significant usability issues were identified. The percentage of participants completing all five tasks successfully was 86.2% (95% Cl, 68.3 - 96.1), i.e., 25 of 29 participants. The upper bound of the 95% confidence interval (96.1%) exceeded 80%, and therefore the null hypothesis that the true pass rate was ≥ 80% could not be rejected. Because the prospective study criterion was met, the usability study achieved its primary objective of validating that untrained users could operate the device in a safe and effective manner based on their reading and following of the directions for use contained in the device labeling without the supervision or assistance of a medical professional. Therefore the usability study results support the safe and effective use of ASCEND, as labeled, in the intended population.
#### GUIDANCE DOCUMENT
The FDA's "Draft Guidance for Industry and Staff: Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for Pain Relief Intended for Over the Counter Use (April 5, 2010)" addresses transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators with product code NUH. The recommendations from the draft guidance document were taken into account in preparing this 510(k) submission. NeuroMetrix believes that the ASCEND device complies with the special controls as outlined in the draft guidance, thereby providing additional assurance of safety and effectiveness.
#### NON-CLINICAL TESTING
Verification testing of the ASCEND device includes electrical, mechanical and software tests to show that the device meets its target specifications over a range of operating and storage conditions. Validation, performance, and usability testing demonstrates that the device meets user needs as reflected in the functional specification.
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ASCEND conforms to the following standards:
- IEC 60601-1 Medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and . essential performance 2005 (3rd Ed) plus Amendments 1:2006 and 2:2007
- . IEC 60601-1-2 Medical Electrical Equipment - Part 1-2: General Requirements for Safety -Collateral standard: Electromagnetic Compatibility - Requirements and Tests (Edition 2007)
- IEC 60601-1-6 Medical Electrical Equipment Part 1-6: General Requirements for Safety -. Collateral standard: Usability (3rd Ed) 2010-1
- . IEC 62304:2006 Medical device software -- Software life cycle processes
#### CLINICAL TESTING
NeuroMetrix determined that bench, usability and non-clinical testing were sufficient to demonstrate that ASCEND is as safe and effective as the predicate SENSUS and Pain-Aid devices.
#### CONCLUSION
The verification, validation, performance, and usability data presented in this 510(k) submission demonstrate that ASCEND is substantially equivalent to the predicate SENSUS and Pain-Aid devices.
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Image /page/7/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The logo features a stylized depiction of an eagle or bird-like figure with three curved lines forming its body and wings. The logo is surrounded by the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" arranged in a circular pattern.
Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
July 3, 2014
NeuroMetrix. Inc. Mr. Rainer Maas Director of QA/RA 62 Fourth Ave. Waltham. MA 02451
Re: K140333
Trade/Device Name: ASCEND Regulation Number: 21 CFR 882,5890 Regulation Name: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator For Pain Relief Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: NUH Dated: May 30, 2014 Received: June 2, 2014
Dear Mr. Maas:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976. the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA s issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must
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comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its tollfree number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely vours,
# Felipe Aquel -S
Carlos L. Peña, PhD, MS for Carios
Director Division of Neurological and Physical Medicine Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K140333
Device Name ASCEND
Indications for Use (Describe)
ASCEND is intended for use as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device for temporary relief of pain associated with sore and aching muscles in the lower extremities due to strain from exercise or normal household and work activities.
ASCEND is intended for use as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device for the symptomatic relief and management of chronic intractable pain.
The device may be used during sleep. The device is labeled for use only with compatible NeuroMetrix electrodes.
### Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
- Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
2 Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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Concurrence of Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) (Signature)
# Date: 2014.07.03 17:21:37
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Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
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Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.