K112902 · Vital Signs, Inc. · LGZ · Mar 14, 2012 · General Hospital
Device Facts
Record ID
K112902
Device Name
ENFLOW IV FLUID WARMER
Applicant
Vital Signs, Inc.
Product Code
LGZ · General Hospital
Decision Date
Mar 14, 2012
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 880.5725
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Therapeutic
Indications for Use
The enFlow IV Fluid Warmer is indicated for warming blood, blood products and intravenous solutions prior to administration. It is intended to be used by healthcare professionals in hospital, clinical and field environments to help prevent hypothermia.
Device Story
enFlow IV Fluid Warmer system comprises a controller (power supply), warmer unit, and single-use sterile disposable cartridges (with or without IV tube extension). Device warms blood, blood products, and IV solutions to 40°C at flow rates between 1 ml/min and 200 ml/min. Sterile cartridges feature plastic housing and biocompatible coated aluminum extrusion forming enclosed fluid path; heat generated via electrical resistance transfers from warmer to fluid through extrusion. Standard Luer fittings connect to hospital IV lines. Used by healthcare professionals in hospital, clinical, and field environments to prevent hypothermia. Output is warmed fluid delivered to patient; healthcare providers monitor fluid administration to manage patient temperature.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Modifications did not require clinical testing to support substantial equivalence.
Technological Characteristics
System includes controller, warmer, and sterile disposable cartridges. Materials include plastic housing and biocompatible coated aluminum extrusion. Heating via electrical resistance. Flow rates 1-200 ml/min; max temperature 40°C. Connectivity via standard Luer fittings. Software included. Sterilization and shelf life testing performed.
Indications for Use
Indicated for warming blood, blood products, and IV solutions prior to administration in patients requiring fluid warming to prevent hypothermia. Intended for use by healthcare professionals in hospital, clinical, and field settings.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An infusion pump is a device used in a health care facility to pump fluids into a patient in a controlled manner. The device may use a piston pump, a roller pump, or a peristaltic pump and may be powered electrically or mechanically. The device may also operate using a constant force to propel the fluid through a narrow tube which determines the flow rate. The device may include means to detect a fault condition, such as air in, or blockage of, the infusion line and to activate an alarm.
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows a black and white logo of General Electric (GE). The logo is a circular shape with the letters "GE" intertwined in the center. The letters are stylized and have a flowing, cursive appearance. The logo is simple and recognizable, representing the well-known multinational conglomerate.
## 1296 Vital Signs, a GE Healthcare Company 510(k) Premarket Notification
MAR 1 4 2012
# 510(k) Summary
This 510(k) summary of safety and effectiveness information is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR 807.92.
- 1. Name of Submitter, Contact Person and Date Summary Prepared:
| Name: | Vital Signs, Inc., a GE Healthcare Company |
|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------|
| Address: | 20 Campus Rd.<br>Totowa, NJ 07512 |
| Official Contact: | Stacie Geffner-Atiya<br>Regulatory Affairs Manager |
| Phone: | 973-956-5491 |
| Fax: | 973-956-5442 |
| Alternate Contact: | Agata Smieja<br>410-456-0329 |
| Date of Preparation: | September 30, 2011 |
- 2. Device Trade Name and Common Name:
| Trade Name: | enFlow IV Fluid Warmer | |
|--------------------|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Common/Usual Name: | Classification Name: | Sterile Fluid Path, in-line Blood Fluid Warmer<br>Warmer, Thermal, Infusion Fluid<br>Warmer Blood, Non Electromagnetic Radiation |
| Product Code: | LGZ<br>BSB – 21 CFR 864.9205 | |
| Device Class: | Class II | |
- Legally Marketed Predicate Device: 4.
3.
Substantial equivalence is claimed to: eFlow Model 100 IV Fluid Warmer (K060537) Enginivity / Vital Signs
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Image /page/1/Picture/0 description: The image shows the General Electric (GE) logo. The logo consists of the letters "GE" intertwined within a circular border. The letters are stylized and connected, creating a unique and recognizable design. The logo is in black and white.
#### 5. Description of the Device:
The Vital Signs, Inc. enFlow IV Fluid Warmer consists of a Warmer, Controller (Power Supply) and single use sterile disposable cartridges, which are available with or without an IV tube extension set. The warmer will deliver infuscate to a patient at a temperature of up to 40°C at flow rates of 1 ml/min to a maximum of 200 ml/min.
The sterile disposable cartridges consist of a plastic housing and biocompatible coated aluminum extrusion which when combined form an enclosed fluid path. Heat, generated by electrical resistance, is transferred from the warmer to the fluid through the extrusion. Standard Luer fittings at the input and output allow the connection of standard hospital IV lines to the enclosed fluid path. The Controller serves as the power supply for the Warmer unit.
#### ર. Intended Use of the Device:
The enFlow IV Fluid Warmer is indicated for warming blood, blood products and intravenous solutions prior to administration. It is intended to be used by healthcare professionals in hospital, clinical and field environments to help prevent hypothermia.
#### 7. Technology:
The Vital Signs, Inc. enFlow Fluid Warmer is substantially equivalent to the previously cleared eFlow IV Fluid Warmer (K060537). The basis for this submission is to notify the FDA of the accumulation of various modifications to the enFlow IV Fluid Warmer since the previous clearance, including minor labeling, shelf life, design and software modifications. There have been no changes to the fundamental scientific technology of the device.
#### 8. Discussion of Non-clinical Studies:
The following quality assurance and design control measures were applied to the development of the enFlow IV Fluid Warming system and, as described within the 510(k) notification, support the substantial equivalence of the device:
- � Risk Analysis
- � Requirements Development and Reviews
- . Software Verification and Validation
- . Performance/Functional Verification and Validation
- . Biocompatibility Testing
- Sterilization and Shelf Life Testing .
- Electrical Safety and EMC Testing .
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Image /page/2/Picture/0 description: The image shows the General Electric (GE) logo. The logo consists of the letters "GE" intertwined within a circular border. The letters are stylized and connected, giving the logo a distinctive and recognizable appearance. The logo is in black and white.
. .
#### 9. Summary of Clinical Tests:
The modifications made to the enFlow IV Fluid Warmer did not require clinical testing to support substantial equivalence.
- 10. Conclusion:
Vital Signs, a GE Healthcare Company, considers the enFlow IV Fluid Warmer to be as safe, as effective, and the performance to be substantially equivalent to the predicate device.
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Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room -WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
Ms. Stacie Geffner-Atiya Regulatory Affairs Manager Vital Signs, Incorporated 20 Campus Road Totowa, New Jersey 07512
MAR 1 4 2012
Re: K112902 Trade/Device Name: enFlow IV Fluid Warmer Regulation Number: 21 CFR 864.9205 Regulation Name: Blood and Plasma Warming Device
Regulatory Class: II Product Code: LGZ Dated: February 16, 2012 Received: February 17, 2012
Dear Ms. Geffner-Atiya:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Eederal Register.
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### Page 2- Ms. Geffner-Atiya
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please go to http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDRH/CDRHOffices/ucm 115809.htm for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health's (CDRH's) Office of Compliance. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem /default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
Anthony D. Watson, B.S., M.S., M.B.A. Director
Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Infection Control and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Indications for Use Statement
510(k) Number (if known): ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Device Name: enFlow IV Fluid Warmer
Indications for Use:
The enFlow IV Fluid Warmer is indicated for warming blood, blood products and intravenous solutions prior to administration. It is intended to be used by healthcare professionals in hospital, clinical and field environments to help prevent hypothermia.
く Prescription Use (Per 21 CFR 801.109)
OR
Over-The-Counter Use__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
M. Chapman 3/8/12
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital Infection Control, Dental Devices
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510(k) Number: K112902
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.