EIS-GS (Electro Interstitial Scan-GS) is a medical device for the measurement of galvanic skin response. The device is not intended for use in any diagnosis. The data are stored in PC in the Backup system of the EIS-GS software. The device is intended for use on healthy adult subjects. The device is intended use in practitioner's office and clinical setting. Prescription Use Caution: Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
Device Story
EIS-GS is a programmable electro-medical system for measuring galvanic skin response. It consists of a USB-connected hardware box, six electrodes (disposable forehead, reusable hand/foot plates), and PC-based software. Operation involves sending a weak current (1.28V, 700Hz, 12µA) through 22 body pathways via tactile electrodes. The system records electrical conductivity changes over 120 seconds. Used in clinical settings by practitioners, the device transmits data via USB to a PC for storage. It provides skin conductance measurements on the PC screen. It is not diagnostic; it serves as a measurement tool for healthy adults. Benefits include non-invasive monitoring of skin conductance. The device requires the patient to remain seated during the 120-second acquisition period.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided. Evidence consists of hardware calibration tests using a simulator, software verification (SRS/SDS/STD/STR), and electrical safety/EMC testing in compliance with IEC 60601-1-1 and IEC 60601-1-2.
Technological Characteristics
Hardware: USB-powered (5V), 1.28V/12µA/700Hz output. Electrodes: Ag/AgCl disposable forehead electrodes (1.575 cm2) and AISI 304 stainless steel reusable hand/foot plates. Galvanic isolation via TRACO DC/DC 4KV optocouplers. Connectivity: USB 2.0. Software: PC-based, Windows 7. Classification: Class II, BF protection. Sterilization: Not applicable (reusable/disposable components).
Indications for Use
Indicated for measurement of galvanic skin response in healthy adult subjects. Intended for use in practitioner offices and clinical settings. Contraindicated for patients with dermatological lesions, excessive perspiration, implanted electronic devices (e.g., pacemakers, defibrillators), metal pins/prostheses in extremities/joints, pregnancy, or absence of limbs. Not for use in patients unable to sit still.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A galvanic skin response measurement device is a device used to determine autonomic responses as psychological indicators by measuring the electrical resistance of the skin and the tissue path between two electrodes applied to the skin.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 882.9.
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#### L.D Technology LLC.
510(k) Premarket Notification Number: K102166 Preparation date: June 29, 2010
DEC 10 2010
## 510(k) Summary EIS-GS (Electro Interstitial Scan-Galvanic Skin)
Name of the device: Electro Interstitial Scan-Galvanic Skin Common name: EIS-GS Regulation number: 21 CFR 882.1540 Product Code: GZO Classification: Class II Classification Advisory: Neurology
### This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is submitted in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR §807.92
## 1. Submitter's Identification:
Manufacturer: L.D TECHNOLOGY LLC Owner of LD Technology: MAAREK Albert Address: L.D Technology 100 N.Biscayne Blvd, Suite 500 Miami, FL, 33132, USA Tel: 305-379-9900 E mail: albert.ldteck@gmail.com
Contact Information: Reviewer Richard Clement MD 11459 NW 34 Street Miami FL 33178 Tel: 305-594-2145 Fax: 305-594 2174 Email: richardclementmd@yahoo.com Date of Preparation: June 29, 2010
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#### 2. Device Name/Classification
EIS-GS (Electro Interstitial Scan-GS) System components: 21 CFR 882.1540 Product Code: GZO Classification: Class II Classification Advisory: Neurology
#### 3. Predicate legally marketed device
SUDOSCAN 510(k) Number 100223: Manufacturer - Impeto Medical, 17 rue Campagne Premiere, 75014 PARIS, France.
#### 4. Device Description
The EIS-GS system is a programmable electro medical system including:
- USB plug and play hardware device including an electronic box , 6 disposable electrodes, reusable . electrodes and reusable cables
- Software installed on a computer. .
Protocol communication: USB port.
Through the 6 tactile electrodes, a weak current with a very low frequency is sending alternatively between 2 electrodes with a sequence and the EIS-GS system is recording the electrical conductivity of 22 pathways of the human body.
In accordance with the 21 CFR 882.1540, the EIS-GS system is a galvanic Skin response device that provides skin conductance measurements on the PC screen.
# EIS-GS system features
#### Hardware feature:
To Record the intensity changes of 22 body parts/pathways following the sending of a weak current and an imposed weak tension (1.28V) with a very low frequency. The data are transmitted via the USB port from the hardware to the PC (software).
#### Software chart flow
Image /page/1/Figure/15 description: The image shows a diagram of a system with several layers. The top layer is labeled "BACKUP", and below that is a layer labeled "Measurement of 22 skin conductance values". The next layer is labeled "PROTOCOL COMMUNICATION", and the bottom layer is labeled "HARDWARE". Arrows connect the layers, indicating the flow of information or data between them.
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### 5. Intended use and indications for use
EIS-GS (Electro Interstitial Scan-GS) is a medical device for the measurement of galvanic skin response.
The device is not intended for use in any diagnosis.
The data are stored in PC in the Backup system of the EIS-GS software.
The device is intended for use on healthy adult subjects.
The device is intended use in practitioner's office and clinical setting.
Prescription Use Caution: Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician
# 6. Performances, specifications and materials Technical specifications
# Hardware technical specifications:
| Power supply | USB interface |
|----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Current in operating mode | 1.28 V Frequency 700 Hz and 12 μA |
| Power consumption | 200mA |
| Classification | Class II |
| Degree of protection against electric shocks | BF |
| Operating mode | Continuous use |
| Galvanic decoupling of the analogical part, | TRACO DC/DC 4 KV |
| Dimensions in mm | 128 X 143 X 33 |
| Weight kg | 1,2 |
# Accessories
| Component | Technical specifications |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Disposable forehead electrodes<br>Ref 3M dot | Ag/AgCl 1.575 cm2 |
| Reusable hand plates Ref CPA 3504 -AR<br>CPA 3504 -AL | Polished stainless steel grade AISI 304 Size:272 cm2 |
| Reusable feet plates Ref. CPA 3504-F | Polished stainless steel grade AISI 304 Size :330 cm2 |
| Audio-type cables to connect electrodes/<br>plates to the box Ref. PG395/15RN | 1.5m long armored insulated cables.<br>Color-coded for ease of use. Red one on the left<br>Black one on the right |
| Calibration Box Ref.CPA 5509 | Box including Different resistors 80 and 100 KOhms |
| USB cable. Ref. USB cable | 2 m long USB 2.0 |
#### 7. Contraindications
- Dermatological lesions in contact with the electrodes or excessive perspiration. ● Risk: The conductivity values will be changed and the results not accurate.
- This device should not be used in association with or presence of defibrillators, cardiac . pacemakers, patients connected to electronic life support devices, or any implanted electronic device.
Risk: The injected voltage and current could provoke injury to the patient.
- People unable to be held seated. .
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Risk: The calibration of the device was performed the patient in sitting position, and therefore in other position, the conductivity values will be changed and the results not accurate.
- Metal pins or prostheses on the level of the extremities or the joints. . Risk: the conductivity values will be changed and the results not accurate
- This device should not be used on pregnant women. . Risk: The effects on the fetus, as well as accuracy of readings are unknown.
- An absence of one or more limbs. ●
- Risk: The conductivity values will be changed and the results not accurate
- Do not use the system in the following conditions : .
- The Floor in synthetic material.
Risk: The floor in synthetic material will increase the Electrostatic discharge and the device could short and in this case a message will appear and the measurement will stop (i.e. troubleshooting).
- / Relative humidity < 30%.
Risk: The low humidity will increase the Electrostatic discharge and the device could short and in this case a message will appear and the measurement will stop (i.e. troubleshooting).
- Presence of MRI or MR or CT scan.
Risk: The Electromagnetic environment could short the device and in this case a message will appear and the measurement will stop (i.e. troubleshooting).
## Disclaimers
- The device is not intended to be use to diagnose any disease or condition since it is intended for use in generally healthy subjects only.
#### 8. Undesirable side effects:
- Some patients may experience skin irritation or hypersensitivity due to the electrical > stimulation or electrical conductive medium.
- The device should be used only with the leads and electrodes recommended for use by the > manufacturer.
## 9. Substantial equivalence
## Predicate legally marketed device
SUDOSCAN 510(k) number 100223: Manufacturer Impeto Medical 17 rue Campagne Premiere, 75014 PARIS, France.
#### Similarities
- Same intended use and same technology
#### New characteristics:
- Small change as shown in the device comparison table below
# Devices' Comparison Table
Table comparison for EIS-GS/SUDOSCAN K100223
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| Specifications | EIS-GS | SUDOSCAN K 100223 |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Intended use | Measurement of the galvanic skin response | Measurement of the galvanic skin response |
| Power supply | 5V (power supplied by USB port and<br>computer connected to the 120 V power<br>supply) | 5V (power supplied by USB port and computer<br>connected to the 120 V power supply) |
| Skin conductance<br>measurement | 1 to 120 micro Siemens | 10 to 100 micro Siemens |
| Data acquisition<br>duration | 120s | 120s |
| Electrical output to the<br>skin | 1.28 V | 4 V maximum |
| Electrical output unit<br>duration | 1 s | 1 s |
| Power density at<br>electrode | < 0.01 UA/mm2 | < 0.01 UA/mm2 |
| Electrical Classification | Class II | Class II |
| Degree of protection<br>against electric shocks | BF | BF |
| Sequence of the<br>measurement | Managed by the software | Managed by the software |
| Display | PC screen . Operating system window 7 | PC touch screen. Operating system window XP |
| Electrodes<br>specifications | 3 pairs of electrodes from 15- 330 cm2 | 3 pairs of electrodes from 7-300 cm2 |
| Accessories | cable and Reusable electrodes (Large Plates<br>and disposable electrodes) | cable and Reusable electrodes (Large Plates and<br>disposable electrodes) |
| Output | USB interface | USB interface / Bluetooth |
| Electrical isolation<br>between the patient<br>and the AC mains<br>energy. | galvanic isolation between the Analog part<br>and digital part :<br>Optocouplers<br>AC/AC converter | galvanic isolation between the Analog part and<br>digital part :<br>Optocouplers<br>AC/AC converter |
| Other specifications | EIS-GS | SUDOSCAN K 100223 |
|---------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| Anatomic site | Tactile electrodes | Tactile electrodes |
| Where used | Practitioner | Practitioner |
| Cleaning and disinfection | Ethyl or isopropyl alcohol (70-90%) | Ethyl or isopropyl alcohol (70-90%) |
| Standards met | IEC 60601-1-1<br>IEC 60601-1-2 | IEC 60601-1-1<br>IEC60601-1-2 |
# 11. Performance and Effectiveness
# EIS-GS
- 1. Calibration tests (simulator)
- 2. Software verification (SRS/SDS/STD/STR).
# 12. General Safety Concerns
The small changes in the characteristics do not change the general safety to the legally marketed The sman changes in the marketers.com tests reports. (IEC 60601-1-2 and IEC 60601-1-1.
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#### 13. Standards
IEC60601-1-1 Issued: 2000/12/14 Ed: 2 Part 1-1: General requirements for safety -Collateral standard: Safety requirements for medical electrical systems IEC 60601-1-2 Issued: 2001/09/30 Ed: 2 Medical Electrical Equipment Part 1-2: General Requirements for Safety Collateral Standard: Electromagnetic Compatibility - Req. and Tests - Including Section 6 manual review
# 14. Non-clinical Testing
EIS-GS device has been thoroughly tested through verification of specifications and validation, including software validation. Electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility testing in compliance with IEC 60601 -1-1, IEC 60601-1-2 were also completed.
#### Conclusion
EIS-GS is equivalent in performance, technology, safety and efficacy to the legally marketed predicate device.
Signature:
.
Albert MAAREK
Premarket notification [510K] Number: K102166
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Image /page/6/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle or bird symbol with three curved lines representing its wings or body. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" is arranged in a circular fashion around the bird symbol.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room -WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
L.D. Technology, LLC c/o Richard Clement, MD 11459 NW 34 Street Miami, Florida 33178
DEC 1 0 2010
Re: K102166
Trade/Device Name: Electro Interstitial Scan - Galvanic Skin (EIS-GS) Regulation Number: 21 CFR 882.1540 Regulation Name: Galvanic Skin Response Measurement Device Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: GZO Dated: November 24, 2010 Received: December 1, 2010
Dear Dr. Clement:
We have reviewed vour Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please go to http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDRH/CDRHOffices/ucm115809.htm for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health's (CDRH's) Office of Compliance. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance,
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
Rikhmb
Malvina B. Eydelman, M. Director Division of Ophthalmic, Neurological, and Ear, Nose and Throat Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure ·
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number: K102166
Device Name: EIS-GS (Electro Interstitial Scan-Galvanic Skin)
EIS-GS (Electro Interstitial Scan-GS) is a medical device for the measurement of galvanic skin response.
The device is not intended to be used for any diagnosis. The data are stored in the PC in the backup system of the EIS-GS software. The device is intended for use only in healthy adult subjects. The device is intended for use only in practitioner's office and clinical setting.
Prescription Use Caution: Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
Prescription Use X (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
# (PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE, CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Michael Hoffman
vision Sign/C Division of Ophthalmic, Neurological and Ear, Nose and Throat Devices
510(k) Number k102166
Page 1 of 1
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.