K070432 · Welmed, Inc. · KKX · Sep 24, 2007 · General, Plastic Surgery
Device Facts
Record ID
K070432
Device Name
GENERAL SURGERY DRAPES
Applicant
Welmed, Inc.
Product Code
KKX · General, Plastic Surgery
Decision Date
Sep 24, 2007
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 878.4370
Device Class
Class 2
Indications for Use
Disposable sterile drapes are used in the operating room as a protective covering, for both patient and operating room staff, from the transfer of body fluids, micro-organisms and particulates. Drapes provided as sterile and non-sterile. Non-sterile surgical drapes are to be sold to OEMs for EtO sterilization according to ISO 11135. Sterile Surgical Drapes are to be sold directly to users after EtO sterilization validation to ISO 11135.
Device Story
Welmed Surgical Drapes are disposable, sterile or non-sterile protective coverings used in operating rooms; designed to shield patients and staff from body fluids, microorganisms, and particulates. Drapes are available in various configurations, including flat, general surgery, laparoscopic, laparotomy, breast/chest, thyroid, split, and orthopedic extremity designs. Non-sterile versions are intended for OEM distribution for EtO sterilization; sterile versions are provided directly to clinical users. The device functions as a physical barrier; performance is verified through hydrostatic pressure, impact penetration, tensile strength, tear strength, lint generation, and flammability testing. Biocompatibility is confirmed per ISO 10993 standards.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided. Performance verified via AATCC 127 (hydrostatic pressure), AATCC 42 (impact penetration), ASTM D5034 (tensile strength), ASTM D5734 (tear strength), ISO 9073-10 (lint generation), and CPSC CS-191-53 (flammability). Biocompatibility testing conducted per ISO 10993-1, -5, and -10, covering cytotoxicity, skin irritation, intracutaneous reactivity, and sensitization.
Technological Characteristics
Nonwoven textile materials. Physical barrier properties verified via hydrostatic pressure and impact penetration testing. Sterilization via EtO per ISO 11135. Biocompatibility compliant with ISO 10993-1, -5, -10. Various dimensions and configurations (fenestrated, split, reinforced).
Indications for Use
Indicated for use as a protective barrier for patients and operating room staff to prevent the transfer of body fluids, microorganisms, and particulates during surgical procedures.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A surgical drape and drape accessories is a device made of natural or synthetic materials intended to be used as a protective patient covering, such as to isolate a site of surgical incision from microbial and other contamination. The device includes a plastic wound protector that may adhere to the skin around a surgical incision or be placed in a wound to cover its exposed edges, and a latex drape with a self-retaining finger cot that is intended to allow repeated insertion of the surgeon's finger into the rectum during performance of a transurethral prostatectomy.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The device, when it is an ear, nose, and throat surgical drape, a latex sheet drape with self-retaining finger cot, a disposable urological drape, a Kelly pad, an ophthalmic patient drape, an ophthalmic microscope drape, an internal drape retention ring (wound protector), or a surgical drape that does not include an antimicrobial agent, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 878.9.
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K070432
### Section 5: 510(k) Summary
### 1.0 Submitted By:
Dave Fliss, President Welmed, Inc. 691 Lake Street Grayslake, IL 60030 Establishment Registration Number: 3005841027
Primary Contact: Glen Feye, President Accurate Consultants, Inc. 1340 West Pennsylvania Ave. San Diego, CA 92103 Telephone: 619-291-3695 Fax: 619-393-0582 glenfeye@earthlink.net
### 2.0 Date Submitted:
February 8, 2007
### 3.0 Device Name(s):
#### 3.1 Proprietary Names
Welmed, Inc. Surgical Drapes
### 3.2 Classification Name
21CFR 878.4370 (Surgical Drapes)
Product code - KKX (Surgical drape and drape accessories)
Welmed, Inc. Section 510(k) Notification Surgical Drapes Welmed+Drapes+510K+Draft+2-8-07
SEP 2 4 2007
Page 5 of 46
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### 4.0 Predicate Devices:
| Candidate | Predicate | Manufacturer | Docket<br>Number |
|---------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------------------------|------------------|
| Welmed Surgical<br>Drapes | IMC Surgical<br>Drapes | International Medsurg<br>Connections, Inc. | K052169 |
#### 5.0 Intended Uses:
# Surgical Drapes:
Disposable sterile drapes are used in the operating room as a protective covering, for both patient and operating room staff, from the transfer of body fluids, micro-organisms and particulates.
Drapes provided as sterile and non-sterile.
Non-sterile surgical drapes are to be sold to OEMs for EtO sterilization according to ISO 11135. Sterile Surgical Drapes are to be sold directly to users after EtO sterilization validation to ISO 11135.
#### 6.0 Comparison to Predicate(s):
The following table shows similarities and differences between the predicate identified in Section 4.0 of this summary.
| Product | Aspect/Characteristic | Comments |
|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| Welmed<br>Surgical<br>Drapes | Basic Intended Use<br>Materials Used<br>Configurations/Design | Same as IMC<br>Surgical Drapes |
## Similarities to the Predicates
There are no significant differences between the Welmed drapes and their respective predicate product.
### 7.0 Summary of Performance Data:
The information in the Premarket Notification on safety and effectiveness supports a finding of substantial equivalence to devices already in commercial distribution. Equivalence is demonstrated through intended use, materials, design and testing methods.
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K 070432
| Standard or Guidance Document | Data Generated | Relevant<br>Section of<br>Submission |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
| AATCC Test Method 127-1998<br>Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure<br>Test | Hydrostatic<br>Pressure - Water<br>Resistance | 18 |
| AATCC Test Method 42-2000<br>Water Resistance: Impact Penetration Test | Impact Penetration<br>- Water Resistance | 18 |
| ASTM - D5034-95(2001) Standard Test<br>Method for Breaking Strength and<br>Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test) | Tensile Strength | 18 |
| ASTM - D5734-95(2001) Standard Test<br>Method for Tearing Strength of Nonwoven<br>Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf)<br>Apparatus | Elmendorf Tear | 18 |
| ISO 9073-10:2003 - Textiles -- Test<br>methods for nonwovens -- Part 10: Lint and<br>other particles generation in the dry state | Gelbo Flex - Lint | 18 |
| CPSC CS-191-53 Flammability Test<br>Method (16 CFR 1610) Standard for<br>Flammability of Clothing Textiles | Flammability | 18 |
| AAMI / ANSI / ISO 10993-1:2003(E),<br>Biological evaluation of medical devices --<br>Part 1: Evaluation and testing | Biocompatibility<br>Testing Evaluation | 15 |
| AAMI / ANSI / ISO 10993-5:1999, Biological<br>evaluation of medical devices - Part 5:<br>Tests for In Vitro cytotoxicity | Cytotoxicity | 15 |
| AAMI / ANSI / ISO 10993-10:2002(E),<br>Biological evaluation of medical devices --<br>Part 10: Tests for irritation and sensitization | Skin Irritation, intra-<br>cutaneous<br>reactivity &<br>sensitization | 15 |
:
·
# Test Data Provided in this Submission
:
.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the Department of Health & Human Services (HHS). The logo features a stylized eagle with three lines representing its body and wings. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" is arranged in a circular pattern around the eagle.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
SEP 2 4 2007
SEP 24 200
Welmed, Incorporated C/O Mr. Glen Feye President Accurate Consultants, Incorporated 1340 West Pennsylvania Avenue San Diego, California 92103
Re: K070432
Trade/Device Name: General Surgical Drapes Sterile and Non-Sterile Regulation Number: 878.4370 Regulation Name: Surgical Drape and Drape Accessories Regulatory Class: II Product Code: KKX Dated: September 4, 2007 Received: September 4, 2007
Dear Mr. Feye:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Page 2 - Mr. Feye
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801). please contact the Office of Compliance at (240) 276-0115. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely yours,
Cluts
Chiu Lin, Ph.D. Director Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Infection Control and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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### Section 4: Indications for Use Statements
# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known): K 070432
Device Name: Welmed Surgical Drapes
Indications for Use:
Disposable sterile drapes are used in the operating room as a protective covering, for both patient and operating room staff, from the transfer of body fluids, micro-organisms and particulates.
Drapes provided as sterile and non-sterile.
Non-sterile surgical drapes are to be sold to OEMs for EtO sterilization according to ISO 11135. Sterile Surgical Drapes are to be sold directly to users after EtO sterilization validation to ISO 11135.
Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use X (21 CFR 807 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Shule H. Murphy K.
Jon Sign-Off) vision of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Infection Control, Dental Devices
Number: K070432
Welmed, Inc. Section 510(k) Notification Surgical Drapes Welmed+Drapes+510K+Draft+2-8-07
Page 1 of
Page 4 of 4
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# Welmed Item #
# Drapes
# K070432
# Flat/Basic Drapes:
| Comments of Acres of Acres of Acres of Acres of Children Comments of Children Comments of | | |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|
| 1220-100 | Drape Sheet 40" x 57" | |
| 1220-110 | Half Drape 40" x 70" | |
| | 1000 100 - 14 11 - 7 14 Th ------ 52 " -- 97" -- 97" -- 97" -- 97" -- 97" -- 97" -- 970 | |
- Medium 3/4 Drape 53" x 77" opens 77" first 1220-120
- Medium 3/4 Drape 53" x 77" Fan-Folded opens 53" first 1220-12OFF
Medium 3/4 Drape 53" x 77" - Reinforced - opens 53" first 1220-125
- Large Drape 70" x 100" 1220-130
- Leggings SIV 11VIS 1220-160
- Clear Leggings 1220-163
- Utility Drape w/tape 14x26 1220-170
- Utility Drape w/tape 20x30 1220-175
- Abdominal Drape, with Tape, 1220-178
## General Surgery Drapes:
| produced the first and the controlled in the contract and any and the comments of the first of the first of the first of the first of the first of the first of the first of t<br>1220-183 | Top Drape 100" x 53" |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|
| 1220-181 | Bottom Drape 75' x 53" |
- Side Drape 38" x 77" 1220-182
## Laparoscopic Drapes:
| Laparoscopic Drapes. | |
|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1220-2110 | Laparotomy Drape, 1 00"x77"x 122", 4x 12" Fenestration |
| 1220-2 120 | Laparotomy Drape, 100"x77"x122", w/two 8"x38" Troughs |
| 1220-2 125 | Pediatric Laparotomy Drape 77" x 121", 14"x4" Fenestration |
| 1220-2 130 | Transverse Lap Drape, 100"x77"x119", 14"x4" Fenestration, with/ABC |
## Laparotomy Drapes:
| 1220-2160 | Laparoscopic/Cholecystectomy Drape 1 00"x77"x 124" |
|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1220-2170 | Laparoscopic/Cholecystectomy/Endo Drape 98"x77"x 123" |
| 1220-2180 | Laparoscopic Abdominal Drape, 1 00"x76"x 124", 1 2x 13" Fenestration |
| 1220-2190 | Laparoscopy T w/ABC & Fenestration, 97"x38"x97" |
## Breast/Chest Drapes:
Chest / Breast Drape 100"x77"x122" 1220-2152
## Thyroid Drapes:
| 1220-2 140 | Thyroid Drape 77"x124" 5"xS" Diamond Fenestration |
|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
| 1220-2 14 1 | Thyroid Drape 100"x77"x124" 5"xS" Diamond Fenestration |
## Split Drapes:
| Split Drapes: | |
|---------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| 1220-1900 | Poly U Drape, 60" x 60", 6" x 21" Slit |
| 1220-1910 | Poly U Drape, 60" x 72", 6" x 21" Slit |
| 1220-1920 | Poly U Drape 60" x 70", 21" x 4" Slit |
| 1220-1905 | Poly U Drape, 60" x 84", 8" x 30" Slit |
| 1220-1925 | Poly U Drape 60" x 81", 31" x 4.5" Slit |
| 1220-19227 | DRAPE U 80"xl 10" PE W/GROIN COVERS |
| 1220-19228 | DRAPE U 80"xl 10" W/TAPE PE |
| 1220-19229 | DRAPE U 77"xl 10" W/TAPE Sontara |
| 1220-1950 | Split Drape 77"x108", 37"x 2.5" Split |
| 1220-1960 | Ortho Split Drape 77"x120", 46"x6" split |
| 1220-5000 | Cysto Drape 64"x38"x 90",w/3"x6" Fenestration |
| 1220-6000 | EENT Drape |
## Orthopedic Drapes
### Extremity Drapes
Universal Extremity Drape 86"x 127" 1220-8410
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.