K041134 · Volcano Therapeutics, Inc. · OBJ · Jun 2, 2004 · Cardiovascular
Device Facts
Record ID
K041134
Device Name
COMBOMAP PRESSURE AND FLOW SYSTEM
Applicant
Volcano Therapeutics, Inc.
Product Code
OBJ · Cardiovascular
Decision Date
Jun 2, 2004
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Special
Regulation
21 CFR 870.1200
Device Class
Class 2
Indications for Use
ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System is a multi-mode system intended for use in all blood vessels, including coronary and peripheral arteries, to measure intravascular blood pressure and/or blood flow velocities during diagnostic angiography and/or interventional procedures.
Device Story
ComboMap™ is a PC-based instrument for real-time measurement of intravascular blood pressure and blood flow velocity. It processes signals from SmartWire® pressure guide wires and FloWire® Doppler guide wires. Operates in four modes: Pressure, Flow, and Combo (simultaneous pressure/velocity). In Pressure mode, provides digital/graphical readout of mean aortic pressure, mean SmartWire® pressure, and calculated parameters like fractional flow reserve (FFR). In Flow mode, measures blood flow velocity in coronary or peripheral vessels, calculating average peak velocity (APV) and flow reserve. Used in clinical settings (e.g., cath lab) by physicians during diagnostic or interventional procedures. Output displayed on screen for real-time clinical decision-making regarding vessel status and treatment. Combines functionality of previously separate systems (WaveMap® and FloMap®) into one unit.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Performance testing was conducted to evaluate the system, and results were found to be acceptable per established test plans and protocols.
Technological Characteristics
PC-based instrument; processes signals from intravascular guide wires (SmartWire®, FloWire®). Provides digital/graphical waveform display and analog output. Includes patient interface module (PIM), remote control, and printer. Combines pressure and flow measurement modalities previously found in separate predicate systems. Software-controlled signal processing.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients undergoing diagnostic angiography or interventional procedures requiring measurement of intravascular blood pressure and/or blood flow velocities in coronary and peripheral arteries.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An intravascular diagnostic catheter is a device used to record intracardiac pressures, to sample blood, and to introduce substances into the heart and vessels. Included in this generic device are right-heart catheters, left-heart catheters, and angiographic catheters, among others.
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Volcano Therapeutics, Inc. April 29, 2004
ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System Special 510(k)
## 510 (K) Summary ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System
| Date Prepared: | April 29, 2003 |
|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Submitted by: | Volcano Therapeutics, Inc.<br>2870 Kilgore Rd.<br>Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 |
| Contact person: | Lorry W. Huffman<br>Regulatory Affairs Manager |
| Phone number: | (916) 638-9404 or (800) 228-4728 ext. 404 |
| Facsimile number: | (916) 638-8112 |
Device Name: ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System
| Classification name: | Class |
|----------------------------------------------------|-------|
| 870.2100 – Cardiovascular blood flow meters | II |
| 870.1110 - Blood Pressure Computer | II |
| 870.2900 - Patient Transducer and Electrical Cable | II |
### Predicate Device:
| SmartMap® Pressure System | K021219 |
|-----------------------------|---------|
| WaveMap® Pressure System | K965140 |
| FloMap® Doppler Flow System | K921563 |
Volcano Therapeutics Inc. purchased the assets of JOMED Inc. who had previously purchased Cardiometrics, Inc. under which K021219, K965140 and K921563 were filed.
## Device Description:
The ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System is a computer-controlled (PCbased) instrument, which processes the information it receives from the transducer mounted in a Volcano Therapeutics SmartWire" Pressure Guide Wire, Volcano Therapeutics FloWire® Doppler Guide Wire, and/or external inputs, to produce real-time blood pressure and/or blood flow velocity. There are 4 modes available to operate from and switch between on the ComboMap™; System. Pressure, Flow, and Combo. Depending on the mode and setup selections made, the computer screen displays a combination of waveforms, measured values, and calculated parameters on the display screen. Additional controls also appear on the display screens.
In the Pressure Mode, the ComboMap™ provides digital and graphical readout of mean aortic pressure from a guide catheter, mean SmartWire® pressure, and a calculated parameter, such as gradient or fractional flow reserve (FR), and one of
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six (6) selected waveforms. The ComboMap™ also supplies an analog output of the SmartWire® pressure for display on a conventional physiologic monitoring svstem.
In the Flow Mode, there are two (2) operating modes to measure blood flow velocity in either coronary or peripheral vessels. This is because in coronary arteries, maximum blood flow velocity occurs predominantly during diastole and in peripheral arteries, maximum flow occurs during systole. The ComboMap™ displays the waveforms selected and provides digital readout of calculated parameters such as average peak velocity (APV) and flow reserve.
The ComboMap™ System offers the unique ability to simultaneously display pressure and velocity waveforms using the Combo Mode. Layout of the Pressure and Doppler display as well as selected waveforms is customized by the user allowing a combination of any of those described above in Pressure Mode and Flow Mode.
Depending on the clinicians' preference, the physician has the option of using a pressure guide wire (SmartWire®), a flow guide wire (FloWire®) or both. By using these guide wires from Volcano Therapeutics, the physician can measure pressure and/or flow velocity.
The pressure and flow guide wires are marketed under separate 510(k)'s; SmartWires K021219 K905411, K912776, K921563, K972762 FloWire"
Wires that can currently be used with the ComboMap are as follows: 6400, 6400J, 6403, 6403J, 6413, 6413J (BrightWire name is used in certain European SmartWire countries due to trademark issues 7400, 7400J, 7403, 7403J) 1400, 1400J, 1401, 1401J, 1403, 1403J, 1404, 1404J, 1413, 1413J FloWire
#### Model Numbers and Accessories:
| ComboMap™ Unit | 6800 |
|-------------------------------|------------|
| ComboMap™ Patient Cable (PIM) | 6805 |
| ComboMap™ Remote Control | 6810 |
| ComboMap™ Printer | 6815 |
| ComboMap™ Cart | 6820 |
| Printer Paper | 803545-001 |
| Printer Power Supply | 803933-001 |
#### Intended Use:
ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System is a multi-mode system intended for use in all blood vessels, including coronary and peripheral arteries, to measure intravascular blood pressure and/or blood flow velocities during diagnostic angiography and/or interventional procedures.
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Volcano Therapeutics, Inc. April 29, 2004
Device Technological Characteristics and Comparison to Predicate Device: Currently pressure and flow velocity are measured with separate guide wires (SmartWire® or FloWires), connected to separate systems (WaveMap® or FloMap"). The ComboMap™ combines the functionality of both technologies in one system. Signal processing, measurement modalities and instrument connections are the same as the predecessor instruments. The intended use and the fundamental scientific technology of the SmartMap® WaveMap® and FloMap have not been altered but are combined together in the ComboMap™.
### Performance Data:
Applicable testing was performed to evaluate the ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System. The test results were found to be acceptable as required by the respective test plans and protocols.
### Conclusion:
The ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System has the same intended use and utilizes the same fundamental scientific technology as that of the predicate devices. There are no new questions raised regarding safety and efficacy. The information provided in this Special 510(k) submission along with the Declaration of Conformity with Design Controls support a determination of substantial equivalence of the ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System to the predicate devices.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The logo features a stylized eagle with three heads facing to the right. The eagle is surrounded by the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES - USA" in a circular arrangement.
MAY 2 4 2007
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
Volcano Therapeutics, Inc. c/o Ms. Lorry W. Huffman Manager, Regulatory Affairs 2870 Kilgore Rd. Rancho Cordova, CA 95670
Re: K041134
Trade/Device Name: ComboMap Pressure and Flow System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.1200 Regulation Name: Diagnostic Intravascular Catheter Regulatory Class: II Product Code: OBJ Dated: April 29, 2004 Received: April 30, 2004
Dear Ms. Huffman:
This letter corrects our substantially equivalent letter of June 2, 2004.
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Page 2 - Ms. Huffman
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
This letter will allow you to continue marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at (240) 276-4080. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (240) 276-3150 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html
Sincerely yours
for
Bram D. Zuckerman, M.D. Director Division of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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| 510(k) Number (if known): | k041134 |
|---------------------------|---------|
|---------------------------|---------|
ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System Device Name:
## Indications for Use:
ComboMap™ Pressure and Flow System is a multi-mode system intended for use in all blood vessels, including coronary and peripheral arteries, to measure intravascular blood pressure and/or blood flow velocities during diagnostic angiography and/or interventional procedures.
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Cardiovascular Devices
510(k) Number K041134
for
# (PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
4*************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Prescription Use X (Per 21 CFR 801.19) OR
Over-the-Counter Use
15
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.