C-scan is a magnetic resonance (MR) system that produces transversal, sagittal and coronal and oblique crosssection images of the limbs and joints. It is intended for imaging portions of the arm, including the hand, wrist, forearm and elbow, but excluding the upper arm, and imaging portions of the leg, including the foot, ankle, call and knee, but excluding the thigh. C-scan MR images correspond to the spatial distribution of protons (hydrogen nuclei) that determine magnetic resonance properties and are dependent on the MR parameters, including spin-lattice relaxation time (T1), spin relaxation time (T2), nuclei density, flow velocity and "chemical shift". When interpreted by a medical expert trained in the use of MR equipment, the images can provide diagnostically useful information.
Device Story
C-scan is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system for limbs and joints. It acquires MR signals from protons (hydrogen nuclei) to generate cross-sectional images (transversal, sagittal, coronal, oblique). The system consists of a patient positioning seat, an electronics/magnetic unit, and an operating console (PC, monitor, keyboard/mouse). It utilizes various pulse sequences (Spin Echo, Gradient Echo, Inversion Recovery, Turbo SE) to map T1, T2, proton density, flow, and chemical shift. Modifications from the predicate include upgraded electronics (DSP SHARC 21161), new pulse sequences, updated software, and mobile installation capability. The device is operated by trained medical professionals in clinical settings. Output images are interpreted by clinicians to provide diagnostic information, aiding in the assessment of musculoskeletal conditions. The system supports high-resolution imaging (up to 0.2 mm nominal spatial resolution) and improved signal-to-noise ratios via optimized sequences.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided. Substantial equivalence is based on technical comparisons of imaging performance, pulse sequence parameters, and hardware specifications.
Technological Characteristics
Magnetic resonance imaging system. Components: Patient positioning seat, electronics/magnetic unit, PC-based console. Upgraded electronics: DSP SHARC 21161 @ 100 MHz. RF system: 14-bit A/D conversion, 20 MHz sampling. Pulse sequences: Spin Echo, Gradient Echo, Turbo SE, IR, STIR, including 3D variants. Spatial resolution: up to 0.2 mm. Connectivity: PC-based, standard MR imaging interfaces. Power: 950-600 VA. Installation: Permanent or mobile.
Indications for Use
Indicated for MR imaging of limbs and joints, specifically arm (hand, wrist, forearm, elbow) and leg (foot, ankle, calf, knee). Excludes upper arm and thigh. For use by medical experts trained in MR equipment.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A magnetic resonance diagnostic device is intended for general diagnostic use to present images which reflect the spatial distribution and/or magnetic resonance spectra which reflect frequency and distribution of nuclei exhibiting nuclear magnetic resonance. Other physical parameters derived from the images and/or spectra may also be produced. The device includes hydrogen-1 (proton) imaging, sodium-23 imaging, hydrogen-1 spectroscopy, phosphorus-31 spectroscopy, and chemical shift imaging (preserving simultaneous frequency and spatial information).
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). A magnetic resonance imaging disposable kit intended for use with a magnetic resonance diagnostic device only is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9.
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## MAY - 4 2004
510(k) Summary ( `-scan Esaote. S.p.A.
# 510(k) Summary
Ko40877
The following 510(k) summary has been prepared pursuant to requirements specified in 21CFR 807.92(a).
### 807.92(a)(1)
### Submitter Information
| Colleen Densmore, Official Correspondent<br>8000 Castleway Drive | | |
|------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|---------------------|
| Indianapolis, IN 46250 | | |
| Phone: | (317) 849-1916 | |
| Facsimile: | (317) 577-9070 | |
| Contact Person: | Carri Graham | |
| Date: | April 2, 2004 | |
| 807.92(a)(2) | | |
| Trade Name: | C-scan | |
| Common Name: | Magnetic resonance diagnostic device | |
| Classification Name(s): | System, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |
| Classification Number: | 90LNH | |
| 807.92(a)(3) | | |
| | | Predicate Device(s) |
| Esaote | Artoscan C | K010057 |
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#### 801.92(a)(4)
### Device Description
#### Summary of C-Scan modifications
The changes performed on the C-scan device, with respect to the cleared version - Artoscan C K010057 -, are due to the improvement of the system performance. These modifications do not affect the intended use or alter the fundamental scientific technology of the device and are the following:
- 1. Upgrading of the electronics.
- 2. New pulse sequences.
- 3. A new software release.
- 4. Mobile installation.
#### System configuration
#### Unmodified Artoscan C
The system is composed of three main parts:
- 1. Patient Positioning Scat
- 2. Operating console that consists of the PC unit (including keyboard and mouse), the monitor and the operating table.
- 3. Electronics and Magnetic Unit
#### Modified C-scan
The system is composed of three main parts:
- 1. Patient Positioning Seat
- 2. Operating console that consists of the PC unit (including keyboard and mouse), the monitor and the operating table.
- 3. Electronics and Magnetic Unit
#### 807.92(a)(5)
### Intended Use(s)
C-scan is a magnetic resonance (MR) system that produces transversal, sagittal and coronal and oblique crosssection images of the limbs and joints. It is intended for imaging portions of the arm, including the hand, wrist, forearm and elbow, but excluding the upper arm, and imaging portions of the leg, including the foot, ankle, call and knee, but excluding the thigh.
C-scan MR images correspond to the spatial distribution of protons (hydrogen nuclei) that determine magnetic resonance properties and are dependent on the MR parameters, including spin-lattice relaxation time (T1), spin relaxation time (T2), nuclei density, flow velocity and "chemical shift". When interpreted by a medical expert trained in the use of MR equipment, the images can provide diagnostically useful information.
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## Comparison to the cleared device Artoscan C K010057
## Imaging system
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Pulse sequences | Orthogonal Multi-planar Scout<br>Spin Echo T1 (SET1)<br>Spin Echo T2 (SET2)<br>Multiple Spin-Echo (SE_PD_T2)<br>Inversion Recovery (IR)<br>Short TI Inversion Recovery (STIR)<br>Gradient Echo (GE)<br>Gradient Echo 3D (GE3D)<br>Gradient Echo 3D contrast<br>enhancement (3DCE)<br>Half Echo T1-weighted Spin Echo<br>(SET1HE)<br>Half Fourier T1-weighted Spin<br>Echo (SET1HF)<br>Turbo SE T2 weighted and Turbo<br>ME (TSE, TME)<br>Turbo 3D T1 isotropic and<br>anisotropic (T3D_T1)<br>Short Time Inversion Recovery<br>Gradient Echo (GE_STIR)<br>Real Time | Orthogonal Multi-planar Scout<br>Spin Echo T1 (SET1)<br>Spin Echo T1 3D (SET1_3D)<br>Spin Echo T2 (SET2)<br>Multiple Spin-Echo (SE_PD_T2)<br>Inversion Recovery (IR)<br>Short TI Inversion Recovery (STIR)<br>Short TI Inversion Recovery 3D (STIR_3D)<br>Gradient Echo (GE)<br>Gradient Echo 3D (GE_3D)<br>Gradient Echo 3D contrast enhancement<br>(3DCE)<br>Half Echo T1-weighted Spin Echo<br>(SET1HE)<br>Half Fourier T1-weighted Spin Echo<br>(SET1HF)<br>Turbo SE T2 weighted and Turbo ME (TSE,<br>TME)<br>Turbo 3D T1 isotropic and anisotropic<br>(T3D_T1)<br>Short Time Inversion Recovery Gradient<br>Echo (GE_STIR)<br>Short Time Inversion Recovery Gradient<br>Echo (GE_STIR_3D)<br>Real Time | The new sequences are described<br>in the section "Device<br>modification description". |
| Sequence<br>parameters | | set1 3D)<br>TR from 60 ms to 5000 ms step 20 ms<br>TE =24 ms<br>minimum FOV 100 mm | See section "Device<br>modification description". |
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
| | | FOV 3D (vol. thickness) from 40 to 200 mm<br>step 10 mm | |
| | | stir_3D:<br>TR from 150 ms to 5000 ms step 10 ms<br>TE = 24 ms<br>TI from 20 ms to 200 ms, step 5 ms<br>minimum FOV 100 mm | |
| | | FOV 3D (vol. thickness) from 40 to 200 mm<br>step 10 mm | |
| | | ge_stir_3D:<br>TR from 150 ms to 5000 ms step 10 ms<br>TE = 16 ms<br>TI from 20 ms to 200 ms, step 5 ms<br>FA = 90°<br>minimum FOV 100 mm | |
| | | FOV 3D (vol. thickness) from 40 to 200 mm<br>step 10 mm | This is an optimized ge_stir sequence with a fixed TE, in order to maximize the Signal to Noise ratio (already present on E-scan XQ K032121). |
| | | ge_stir_25:<br>TR from 150 ms to 5000 ms step 10 ms<br>TE = 25 ms<br>TI from 20 ms to 200 ms, step 5 ms<br>FA = 90°<br>minimum FOV 130 mm<br>minimum thickness = 3 mm | The high resolution sequences are a particular version of the Artoscan C standard sequences with maximum acquisition matrix 512x512 instead of 256x256. All these sequences have a fixed TE for obtaining the best compromise between the S/N and the high resolution. High Resolution se_26: it is a Spin Echo T1 sequence |
| | | High Resolution se_26:<br>TR from 60 ms to 5000 ms, step 1 ms<br>TE fixed at 26 ms<br>minimum FOV 100 mm<br>minimum slice thickness 2.0 mm | |
| | | High Resolution se_26_hf:<br>TR from 60 ms to 5000 ms, step 10 ms<br>TE fixed at 26 ms | |
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
| | | minimum FOV 100 mm<br>minimum slice thickness 2.0 mm | with TE=26 msec.<br>High Resolution se_26_hf:<br>it is a Spin Echo T1 Half<br>Fourier sequence with<br>TE=26 msec. |
| | | High Resolution se_18_he<br>TR from 60 ms to 5000 ms, step 10 ms<br>TE fixed at 18 ms<br>minimum FOV 120 mm<br>minimum slice thickness 2.0 mm | High Resolution se_18_he:<br>it is a Spin Echo T1 Half<br>Echo sequence with TE=18<br>msec. |
| | | High Resolution tse_80:<br>TR from 200 ms to 5000 ms, step 10 ms<br>TE fixed at 80 ms<br>minimum FOV 120 mm<br>minimum slice thickness 3.0 mm | High Resolution tse_80: it<br>is a Turbo Spin Echo T2<br>sequence with TE=80 msec.<br>High Resolution tme: it is<br>the high resolution version<br>of the standard sequence |
| | | High Resolution tme:<br>TR from 200 ms to 5000 ms, step 10 ms<br>TE: first echo 28 ms, second echo 90 ms<br>minimum FOV 120 mm<br>minimum slice thickness 3.0 mm | Turbo Multi-echo.<br>High Resolution ge_16: it is<br>a Gradient Echo sequence<br>with TE=16 msec.<br>All the high resolution<br>sequences are already<br>present on E-scan XQ |
| | | High Resolution ge_16:<br>TR from 35 ms to 5000 ms, step 5 ms<br>TE fixed at 16 ms<br>FA from 10° to 90°, step 5°<br>minimum FOV 130 mm<br>minimum slice thickness 2 mm | K032121. |
| Acquisition Matrix: | 2D FT: from 192x 128 to<br>256x256; phase encoding step 8 | 2D FT for non High Resolution: from 192x<br>128 to 256x256; phase encoding step 8<br>2D FT for High Resolution: from 192x 128<br>to 512x512; frequency encoding step 32,<br>phase encoding step 8<br>3D FT: from 192x128 to 256x256; slice | To perform High resolution<br>sequences is necessary that<br>the raw data matrix<br>dimensions are increased<br>i.e. it's necessary to<br>increase the number of<br>readout (frequency) |
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
| | slice encoding from 24 to 128, step 8; phase encoding step 8 | encoding step 8 | sampling points and the number of phase encoding steps. |
| Spatial<br>Resolution: | Up to 0.4 mm (nominal value) | Up to 0.2 mm (nominal value) | Spatial resolution is the ability to distinguish two points as separate and distinct.<br>The nominal spatial resolution coincides with the minimum pixel size:<br>min pixel size = min FOV / max matrix size = 100 x 100 mm / 512 x 512 |
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ST
:
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## Gradients System
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Control System: | Digital, based on DSP SHARC<br>21062 @ 40 MHz, 80 MFLOPs,<br>with 256 KB On-Chip SRAM 3<br>independent channels (X-Y-Z)<br>DAC 18 bit - updating every 7.2<br>μs<br>Hardware ramp generation –<br>hardware pre-emphasis of eddy<br>current compensation | Digital electronic, based on DSP SHARC<br>21161@100 MHz, 400 MFLOPs, 128 KB<br>On-Chip SRAM<br>3 independent channels (X-Y-Z)<br>DAC 18 bit – update every 7.2 μs<br>Software ramp generation - software pre-<br>emphasis of eddy current suppression | The new control system is<br>described in the section<br>"Device Modification<br>Description" |
| Magnetic<br>compensation<br>system: | "open loop" control of the<br>magnetic field variation with<br>external measurement (AC and<br>DC probes); digital elaboration<br>of the signal in separated<br>channels (50/60 Hz - 16.6. Hz)<br>Digital electronic based on<br>microcontroller HC11 | "open loop" control of the magnetic field<br>variation with external measurement (AC<br>and DC probes); digital elaboration of the<br>signal in separated channels (DC - 50/60 Hz<br>- 16.6. Hz.<br>Digital electronic, based on DSP SHARC<br>21161@100 MHz, 400 MFLOPs, 128 KB<br>On-Chip SRAM | Technological updating.<br>A more detailed description<br>is in the the section "Device<br>modification description". |
·
26
.
・
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## Radiofrequency System
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| A/D Conversion: | baseband conversion and<br>demodulation of the RF received<br>signal in phase and quadrature<br>components<br>2 A/D converter 16 bit 78 kHz<br>sampling<br>2 digital low-pass filter for<br>analogical phase and quadrature<br>components; bandwidth: gain 1<br>up to 0.464xfc, con fc = 78.125<br>KHz/n, n=1+10; stop-band: from<br>0.5xfc; attenuation 90 dB. | For each channel:<br>3 MHz conversion of the RF received signal<br>A/D converter 14 bit 20 MHz sampling<br>digital demodulation in phase and quadrature<br>components<br>digital low-pass filter; bandwidth: gain 1 up<br>to 0.43 x fc, with fc from 156.25 to 4.882<br>kHz; stop-band: from 0.5 x fc; attenuation 90<br>dB.<br>Transferring to DSPM of raw data real and<br>imaginary parts. | Technological updating.<br>A more detailed decription<br>is in the the section "Device<br>modification description". |
| Synthesizer: | digital, through DSP SHARC 66<br>Mips, 132 MFlops, 0.5 Mbit<br>Memory on the chip, with<br>frequency, amplitude and phase<br>modulation<br>resolutions: 1,2 Hz frequency,<br>256 levels amplitude, 1°.4 phase<br>stability : < 1 ppm into the<br>operative temperature range<br>transmission variable gain: 256<br>levels | digital, through DSP SHARC 21161@100<br>MHz, 400 MFLOPs, 128 KB On-Chip<br>SRAM, with frequency, amplitude and phase<br>modulation<br>resolutions: 28.4 µHz frequency, 4096 levels<br>amplitude, 1°.19 phase<br>stability : < 1 ppm into the operative<br>temperature range;<br>≤ 8 x 10-8 on 15 minutes (maximum<br>variation 0,75°C)<br>transmission variable gain: 256 levels | Technological updating.<br>A more detailed decription<br>is in the the section "Device<br>modification description". |
## Image Processing and Display System
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|
| Central<br>Processing Unit | ISA and PCI Bus<br>CPU Pentium III 700 MHz or faster<br>main memory: 256 MB<br>secondary cache memory: 256 KB or<br>upper | PCI bus<br>CPU Pentium IV 2.4 GHz or more<br>Main memory: 1 GB<br>Secondary cache memory: 512 KB or more | Technological updating |
L T
:
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| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|-------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Control processor | DSP SHARC 21062 @ 40 MHz, 80 MFLOPs, with 256 KB On-Chip SRAM | DSP SHARC 21161 @ 100 MHz, 400 MFLOPs, 128 KB On-Chip SRAM + 384 KB SSRAM | Technological updating |
| Acquisition and<br>reconstruction<br>processor: | DSP SHARC 21060 @ 40 MHz, 80 MFLOPs, with 512 KB On-Chip SRAM + 128 MB DRAM | DSP SHARC 21161 @ 100 MHz, 400 MFLOPs, 128 KB On-Chip SRAM + from 256 to 512 MB SDRAM + 1.28 MB SSRAM | Technological updating |
| Hard Disk Unit: | 3"1/2 hard disk; at least 20 GB, 7200 rpm | 3"1/2 hard disk; at least 40 GB, 7200 rpm | Technological updating |
| Image<br>Reconstruction<br>Matrix: | 2D: 256x256<br>3D: 256x256x8 to 256x256x128 step 8 | 2D: 128x128, 256x256, 512x512<br>3D: 256x256x24 to 256x256x128 step 8 | The visualization matrix of the images obtained by the high resolution sequences can be 128x128, 256x256 or 512x512 pixels. |
## Installation Area Conditions
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|--------------------------|-----------------------|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Type of<br>installation: | Permanent | Permanent, Mobile | The mobile installation is<br>described in the section<br>"Device modification<br>description". |
## Power supply
| Characteristics | Artoscan C<br>K010057 | C-scan | Comments |
|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| Power<br>consumption: | 1100 VA during quick magnet<br>heating<br>600 VA during normal working<br>150 VA when unit is powered off<br>(thermal control on) | 950 VA during quick magnet heating<br>600 VA during normal working<br>150 VA when unit is powered off (thermal<br>control on) | More precise<br>characterization of the data. |
Note: Any deviations from original Artoscan C specifications are substantiated within Quality System documentation at Essote S.p.A..
{8}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/8/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo features a stylized eagle with three lines representing its body and wings. The eagle is facing right. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" is arranged in a circular pattern around the eagle.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
### MAY - 4 2004
Esaote, S.p.A. % Ms. Carrie Graham Official Correspondent The Anson Group, LLC 7992 Castleway Drive INDIANAPOLIS IN 46250 Re: K040877 Trade/Device Name: C-scan MR System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1000 Regulation Name: Magnetic resonance diagnostic device
Regulatory Class: II Product Code: 90 LNH Dated: April 2, 2004 Received: April 5, 2004
Dear Ms. Graham:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050
{9}------------------------------------------------
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at one of the following numbers, based on the regulation number at the top of the letter:
| 8xx.1xxx | (301) 594-4591 |
|----------------------------------|----------------|
| 876.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 884.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 892.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4654 |
| Other | (301) 594-4692 |
Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97) you may obtain. Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.
Sincerely yours,
Nancy C. Brogdon
Nancy C. Brogdon Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{10}------------------------------------------------
### Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known): 《o 4 0 8 7 7
Device Name: C-scan MR System
Indications for Use:
C-scan is a magnetic resonance (MR) system that produces transversal, sagittal and C-scan is a magnetic resoliance (inter byoten and joints. It is intended for imaging portions of the arm, including the hand, wrist, forearm and elbow, but excluding imaging portions of the ann, meluding the halls, misq costing the foot, ankle, calf and knee, but excluding the thigh.
C-scan MR images correspond to the spatial distribution of protons (hydrogen nuclei) that determine magnetic resonance properties and are dependent on the MR parameters, including spin-lattice relaxation time (T1), spin-spin relaxation time (T2), nucled density. including spin=atticc relaxation time (11), species now velocity and "chemical start " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
X : Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 807 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRII, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
David A. Syverson
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Reproductive, Abdomin and Radiological Devices 510(k) Number _
Page 1 of 1
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.