K032886 · K&S Assoc., Inc. · LHN · Jan 9, 2004 · Radiology
Device Facts
Record ID
K032886
Device Name
DIAMOND SETUP 2000
Applicant
K&S Assoc., Inc.
Product Code
LHN · Radiology
Decision Date
Jan 9, 2004
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 892.5050
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Software as a Medical Device, Real-World Evidence
Real-World Evidence
Submission
Device
Sponsor
RWD Sources
RWE Use Summary
Key Tags
K032886 · Jan 9, 2004
DIAMOND SETUP 2000
K&S Assoc., Inc.
Clinical use data (2001-present); Clinical environment testing reports from external institutions (e.g., MD Anderson Cancer Center)
The device's safety and effectiveness are supported by its history of continuous clinical use since 2001 and performance testing conducted by qualified users in complex clinical environments at external medical institutions.
Clinical environment testing; Observational/Clinical environment testing; Follow-up/Duration: Continuous clinical use since 2001; Study Period: 2001-2003
Patients in a complex clinical environment; Number of Sites: Multiple (including MD Anderson Cancer Center)
Not applicable for this study
Identification of needed changes; verification of safety and effectiveness in clinical practice
Indications for Use
The intended purpose of the Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 software is to provide an accurate and convenient method of independently checking, on a point dose basis, the treatment planning calculations of the primary radiation treatment-planning (RTP) computer. The primary RTP computer is capable of importing CT images of the patient, identifying target volumes, superimposing the treatment beams and optimizing the weighting and modulation of the beam to produce an acceptable radiation distribution within the patient. The Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 calculates point doses under specified conditions communicated to the software through operator interaction (keyboard and mouse) or through file import.
Device Story
Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 is a software tool for medical physicists to perform independent verification of radiation therapy treatment plans. Input data includes treatment parameters entered via keyboard/mouse or imported via standardized files (e.g., RTP Connectivity Protocol) from primary treatment planning (RTP) computers or record-and-verify systems. The software uses published literature models and a user-validated database of machine physical parameters to calculate monitor units (MU) or point doses. It features an Error Avoidance System (EAS) and collimator scatter modeling (points-eye-view of flattening filter, jaws, and MLC). Output consists of documented reports for patient charts. Used in clinical environments on PCs or networked workstations; does not control radiation delivery. Benefits include reduced operator error, standardized calculation methods, and improved quality assurance for complex treatments like IMRT. It supports management of active/inactive patient data and provides security features for machine file integrity.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical trials were performed. Evidence consists of bench testing, system validation, and alpha testing in complex clinical environments (e.g., MD Anderson Cancer Center). The software has a history of use since 1984 (DOS version) and 2001 (Windows version) with no reported calculation errors. Risk and hazard analysis demonstrate mitigation of potential data integrity and calculation hazards through internal validation checks and pre-calculation validation.
Technological Characteristics
Windows-based software for PC or networked workstation. Uses mathematical models for dose calculation and collimator scatter (points-eye-view of flattening filter, primary jaws, and MLC). Supports IMRT segment calculation. Connectivity via standardized file import (e.g., RTP Connectivity Protocol). Features include machine wizard for data entry, check-in/check-out for machine files, and Error Avoidance System (EAS).
Indications for Use
Indicated for use by medical physicists and qualified health professionals to perform independent quality assurance checks and point dose calculations for radiation therapy treatment plans, including IMRT, to ensure accurate setup and delivery of prescribed doses.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical charged-particle radiation therapy system is a device that produces by acceleration high energy charged particles (e.g., electrons and protons) intended for use in radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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## K&S Associates, Inc. Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 Summary of Safety and Effectiveness:
K032881 P1A3
#### Introduction
This software is designed specifically for the purpose of providing the medical physicist and other qualified health professionals a powerful and effective quality assurance tool for the analysis and verification of radiation therapy treatment plans generate by modern treatment planning computer systems. While this document describes the efforts to make this software safe and effective for it's intended use, it should be understood that the proper use of this device promotes better patient care by bridging the ever increasing gap between the sophisticated calculation capability of the modern treatment planning computers and the otherwise limited calculational resources normally available to the individuals responsible for independent verification. The use of this software also reduces operator errors through the use of active internal validation of user inputs and other machine limitations prior to performing a calculation.
#### Description
The Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 software program is designed to operate in a Microsoft Windows environment either on a sinqle PC or on a workstation with the treatment machine and patient data shared on a server. This software does not control any device that delivers radiation to the patient. This software does not communicate directly with the treatment machine, the primary treatment planning (RTP) computer or the record and verify system. This software does have the ability to transfer treatment data files in a standardized format (e.g. RTP Connectivity Protocol by IMPAC) from the primary treatment planning computer or R&V system to facilitate the entry of the data to the software and the transfer of data to the R&V system for electronic charting. The software calculates the treatment machine monitor units (MU or time as appropriate) or dose to validate the values calculated by the RTP computer or to provide the settings for simple treatments not requiring the RTP plan prescribed by the physician. The software provides these calculations using methods and models published in the professional literature, the specific treatment information provided by the user and the values in a treatment machine database of measured physical parameters entered and validated by the medical physicist. The results of calculations are documented in printed or electronic reports to be placed in the patient's chart.
Intended use and Substantial Equivalence
The intended use of Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 is the same as the named predicated devices. The Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 and the predicated devices are equivalent in the following ways:
- 1. Allow the calculation of MU or dose under user specified parameters.
- 2. Use similar calculation methods based in the literature.
- 3. Use a treatment machine database for look up, interpolation and calculation of results.
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### K&S Associates, Inc. Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 Summary of Safety and Effectiveness:
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- 4. Provide a means of storing the calculations in a manner that maintains the relation to the specific patient.
- 5. Have reports that document the calculation parameters and results.
- 6. Use terminology that is commonly used in the profession.
- 7. Have user interfaces that allow the user to communicate with the software.
- 8. Have ability to transfer information from the primary treatment planning computer or record and verify systems.
- 9. Have the ability to perform calculations with modern treatment machine options such collimators with asymmetric jaws, dynamic wedging and multi-leaf collimators (MLC).
- 10. Have the ability to import treatment information files for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) having multiple segments with MLC settings and calculate the point dose at specified points of interest.
- 11. Have some capability to operate on a server with multiple users.
- 12. Have the ability to calculate and report Diode/TLD measurements.
The differences between Diamond and the predicated devices relate to the ease of use and security as follows:
- 1. Diamond has fewer screens and provides more information within each screen.
- 2. Diamond has a machine wizard to assist the medical physicist in treatment machine data entry.
- 3. Diamond is much faster when operating on a server with binary patient and machine files.
- 4. Diamond provides the features to manage the calculations of active patients (patients on treatment) and inactive patients.
- 5. Diamond uses a more accurate collimator scatter function through a points-eye-view of the flattening filter, the primary jaws and the MLC components to produce more accurate results.
- 6. Diamond provides a higher level of security of machine files with an archiving previous data files and a check-in/check-out feature to prevent multiple medical physicists on a networked system from changing data in the same machine file.
- 7. Diamond has the ability to store the Diode/TLD data in the patient file.
- 8. Diamond produces more accurate IMRT dose results through the application of more recent and more sophisticated calculation models.
- 9. Diamond provides a substantial Error Avoidance System (EAS) to minimize operator errors.
Technological characteristics
Diamond provides similar capabilities and functions for the basic static field treatment calculations but has many technically superior features that are based on recent advances in collimator scatter modeling and MLC simulation for IMRT.
Risk & Hazard Analysis Summary
The risk and hazard analysis provided in this submission demonstrate the traceability from the Design Controls, Software Requirements Specifications
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### K&S Associates, Inc. Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 Summary of Safety and Effectiveness:
K032886 P343
through to the System Test Plan and the Test and Validation Logs and user documentation that every conceivable hazard to the patient and the integrity of the data files has been mitigated to the fullest extent possible. Additionally, a substantial system of internal validation checks and precalculation validation provide a substantial Error Avoidance System (EAS).
### Summary of Safety and Effectiveness
K& S has a long history with dose calculation software beginning in 1978 with a first release to the public in 1984. This history is based on fulfilling the needs of a medical physics consulting organization by designing software to not only perform the required task but also to assist in the ongoing need to reduce errors in calculations and to help standardize the calculation methods of all members of the radiation oncology team including the medical physicist, the dosimetrist, the therapist and the radiation oncology physician. Quality patient care is achieve only when all members of the medical team participate in and are part of a coordinated quality system. The Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 helps achieve this goal through a simple, reliable design that is easy to understand and easy for the operator to use. Significant effort has been expended to design, specify, code, test and produce a software product that is as safe and effective as reasonably possible under the usual conditions of cost versus benefit. This document describes this effort. After the software version has been alpha tested (System Tests and Validation Tests) at the K&S facility, a network of selected knowledgeable and qualified users. others under the supervision of K&S and QED consultants and institutions such as the MD Anderson Cancer Center test the software in a complex clinical environment to identify any needed changes. A confidential copy of their report on an earlier version of Setup 2000 is included. It is important to understand that K&S is both the customer and the developer and our professional medical physics practice depends on a reliable software product. K&S has a software quality program that includes audits of tests and records and a staff accustomed to satisfying quality issues as evidenced by three accreditations for the calibration services provided for nearly 20 years. We require this software to be accurate, reliable, dependable and efficient to serve our consulting needs and these requirements ensure that the software is thoroughly tested before release. The DOS Setup program has been in use by hundreds of highly qualified professionals across the US since 1984 without a single reported incidence of calculation error. The Windows software has been in clinical use since 2001 and has been in continuous refinement and development. It has been a slow process because we have required each incremental change to be thoroughly mastered before the next change.
In summary, we consider the Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 Dose Calculation Management software to be safe and effective for its intended use.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle with three tail feathers, representing the department's commitment to health, human services, and well-being. The words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES • USA" are arranged in a circular fashion around the eagle.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
JAN - 9 2004
Ms. Vivian Denton Quality Manager K & S Associates 1926 Elm Tree Drive NASHVILLE TN 37210-3718 Re: K032886 Trade/Device Name: Diamond Setup 2000 Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.5050 Regulation Name: Medical charged-particle radiation therapy system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: 90 LHN Dated: December 17, 2003 Received: December 19, 2003
Dear Ms. Denton:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
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This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) I his letter will and in you ve organ finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally premaince notineation: " cresults in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please It you dosn't spoolite at one of the following numbers, based on the regulation number at the top of the letter:
| 8xx.1xxx | (301) 594-4591 |
|----------------------------------|----------------|
| 876.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 884.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 892.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4654 |
| Other | (301) 594-4692 |
Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97) you may obtain. Other general of reference to premainted the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.
Sincerely yours,
Nancy C. Bryden.
Nancy C. Brogdon Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# K&S Associates, Inc.
# Indications for Use
K 032886 510(k) Number (if known):_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Device Name: Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0
Indications For Use:
The current standard of care (AAPM, ACMP, ACR, etc.) in radiation oncology requires that the calculation results of each computer generated treatment plan be checked by some independent method. In the case of IMRT there is an additional requirement to perform measurements with ion chambers, TLD, film or other appropriate devices to ensure the accurate setup and delivery of the prescribed dose to the target organ and the limitation of dose to nearby sensitive organs. The medical physicist has the primary responsibility for these quality assurance checks and independent calculations. The intended purpose of the Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 software is to provide an accurate and convenient method of independently checking, on a point dose basis, the treatment planning calculations of the primary radiation treatment-planning (RTP) computer. The primary RTP computer is capable of importing CT images of the patient, identifying target volumes, superimposing the treatment beams and optimizing the weighting and modulation of the beam to produce an acceptable radiation distribution within the patient. The Diamond Edition of Setup 2000 Version 3.0 calculates point doses under specified conditions communicated to the software through operator interaction (keyboard and mouse) or through file import.
American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) American College of Medical Physics (ACMP) American College of Radiology (ACR)
AND/OR Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) ·
Over-The-Counter Use _ (21 CFR 807 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
David the Signer
Page 9
(Division Sign-Off) (Division Sign-On)
Division of Reproductive, Abdominal,
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.