K023183 · Medrad, Inc. · DXT · Jan 10, 2003 · Cardiovascular
Device Facts
Record ID
K023183
Device Name
MEDRAD STELLANT CT INJECTOR SYSTEM
Applicant
Medrad, Inc.
Product Code
DXT · Cardiovascular
Decision Date
Jan 10, 2003
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Special
Regulation
21 CFR 870.1650
Device Class
Class 2
Indications for Use
The Medrad Stellant CT Injector System is intended for the specific purpose of injecting intravenous contrast media into humans for diagnostic studies in computed tomography (CT) applications.
Device Story
The Medrad Stellant CT Injector System is a syringe-based fluid delivery system used in clinical settings to inject contrast media into the human vascular system for CT imaging. The system consists of an injector head, a display control unit, and sterile disposables. It supports single or dual syringe configurations. Operators program injection parameters—including flow rate, volume, and pressure limits—via a touch-screen interface. The device features automated functions such as syringe loading, docking, retraction, and advancement. During operation, the system monitors pressure and flow, providing real-time feedback via a pressure graph and numeric/graphical volume readouts on a color LCD. A multi-layered software safety system with backup monitoring ensures controlled delivery. The device benefits patients by enabling precise, automated contrast administration, which is essential for high-quality diagnostic CT scans. It is intended for use by trained healthcare professionals.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data was required or provided. Design verification and validation testing were conducted to confirm that the device meets design specifications and applicable international standards.
Technological Characteristics
Syringe-based fluid delivery system. Materials: PET (syringe barrel), Polycarbonate (plunger, T-connector), Polyisoprene with silicone coating (plunger cover), PVC (tubing), ABS (spike), Polyethylene (priming tube). Luer fittings compliant with ISO 594-1 & ISO 594-2. Features color LCD touch screen, multi-phase injection (1-6 phases), and automated syringe handling. Sterilization: EtO. Connectivity: Standalone system with remote start/check capabilities. Software-based safety monitoring with multi-layered stops.
Indications for Use
Indicated for the injection of intravenous contrast media into the human vascular system for diagnostic computed tomography (CT) studies. For prescription use only.
Regulatory Classification
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The device, when it is a non-patient contacting balloon inflation syringe intended only to inflate/deflate balloon catheters and monitor pressure within the balloon, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 870.9.
Predicate Devices
Medrad EnVision CT Injector System (K934086 and K993728)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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JAN 1 9 2003
Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image shows the word "medrad" in a bold, sans-serif font. The letters are all in lowercase, except for the "R" which is capitalized. There is a registered trademark symbol to the upper right of the letter "d". The word is black and the background is white.
## Special 510(k) SUMMARY OF SAFETY AND EFFECTIVEN
| Submitter's Name: | Medrad Inc. |
|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
| Submitter's Address: | One Medrad Drive, Indianola, PA 15051 USA |
| Telephone Number: | (412) 767-2400, ext. 3536 |
| Fax Number: | (412) 767-2499 |
| Contact Person: | Frank Pelc |
| Date: | September 23, 2002 |
| Proprietary Name: | Medrad Stellant CT Injector System |
| Common Name: | Powered Injector with Syringe |
| Classification: | DXT |
| Classification Name: | Injector and Syringe, Angiographic |
| Predicate Device: | Medrad EnVision CT Injector System K934086 and K993728 |
Substantial Equivalence: The information provided in this premarket notification demo
that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to a legally marketed device. The prmonstrates he proposed Medrad, Inc. Is substantially equivalent to a lega Stellant CT Injector System is substantially equivalent to the EnVision CT Injector System ledrad Drive (K934086 and K993728).
15051-0780
The Medrad Stellant CT Injector System maintains the same intended use, similar operational 2) 767-2400 parameters, similar labeling and is used in a manner similar to the predicate device.
> Like the EnVision, the Stellant is a syringe-based fluid delivery system indicated for delivery of contrast media during computed tomography procedures. It is intended to be used for the specific purpose of injecting intravenous contrast medium into the human vascular system for computed tomography studies.
The Stellant CT Injector System is comprised of the same main components as the predicate device: an Injector Head, a Display Control Unit, and sterile disposables.
Medrad has established, as part of its Quality System, design controls in compliance with FDA's Quality System Regulations (QSRs). These design controls are applied to all Medrad product development processes and product design changes. These design controls were applied to the development of the Stellant CT Injector and meet the requirements of the FDA's QSRs.
As part of the design control a risk analysis was performed, and design verification and validation testing was conducted to support the conclusion drawn by the risk analysis.
Test results demonstrate that the design specifications for the Stellant CT Injector System were met and that the Stellant CT Injector System meets the applicable requirements of the international standards cited. Therefore, it has been determined that the Stellant CT Injection is substantially equivalent to the predicate device, its predecessor, for its intended use when used as prescribed in the User Operation Manual.
A comparison of features and principles of operation between the proposed device and predicate device is provided in the table below.
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## COMPARISON DATA
| Feature | Proposed Device:<br>Stellant CT Injector System | Predicate Device:<br>EnVision CT Injector System<br>(K934086 and K993728) |
|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Intended Use | Intended to be used for the specific<br>purpose of injecting intravenous contrast<br>media into humans for diagnostic studies<br>in computed tomography (CT) applications. | Same |
| Single or Dual Syringe<br>System | Single and dual syringe models | Single syringe system |
| Information Display | Color LCD | Monochrome LCD |
| Programming Keys | Non-dedicated keys - software determined | Non-dedicated Keys - Software<br>Determined |
| Touch screen | Yes | Yes |
| Multi-Phase | 1 - 6 phases per injection | 1-10 Phases Per Injection |
| Arming Modes | Single | Single/Multi-Arm |
| Protocol Storage<br>Capability | 32 protocols | 50 Protocols |
| Hold Capability | 20 minutes max. | 0 - 600 seconds |
| Scan Delay | 1 - 300 seconds | 0 - 99 seconds |
| Safety Stop Mechanism | Multi-layered software stops with backup<br>monitoring | Electrical stop with a software<br>backup system |
| Syringe System | Single syringe model: 200 ml syringe<br>Dual syringe model: two 200 ml syringes | One 200 ml or 125 ml syringe |
| Programmed Volume | 1 to 200 ml | 1 to 200 ml or 1 to 125 ml<br>depending on syringe size |
| Volume Remaining<br>Readout | LED on injector head; graphical and<br>numeric on LCD | LED |
| Fill Rate | Variable up to 10 ml/sec | 2 ml/sec to 9.9 ml/sec |
| Flow Rate | 0.1ml/s to 10.0 ml/s | 0.1 ml/sec to 9.9 ml/sec |
| Programmable Pressure<br>Limit | 325 PSI default, user settable 50 to 300<br>PSI | Settable from 25 to 300 PSI |
| Pause | Programmable - 1 sec to 900 sec in 1 sec<br>increments | Programmable - 1 sec to 10 min |
| Autofill | Fill rate 4 ml/sec | Fill rate 2 ml/sec to 9 ml/sec in 1<br>ml/sec increments |
| Retract Control | Yes (Automatic) | Yes |
| Remote Start Switch | Yes | Yes |
| Pressure Graph | Yes | No |
| Syringe Sensing | Yes | Yes |
| Autoload | Yes | Yes |
| Auto<br>Dock/Retract/Advance | Yes; user-selectable autodock and advance;<br>user-selectable auto-retract | No |
| Protocol Lock / Remote<br>Arming | Yes | No |
| Remote Check for Air<br>(from Head) | Yes | No |
| Scan Delay | 1sec to 300 sec in 1sec increments | 0 - 99 sec in 1 sec increments |
| Store/Recall | 32 protocols | 50 protocols |
| Test Inject | Yes | Yes |
| Syringe Heat Maintainer | Yes | Yes |
| Sterile Disposables | | |
| Feature | Proposed Device:<br>Stellant CT Injector System | Predicate Device:<br>EnVision CT Injector System<br>(K934086 and K993728) |
| Packaging | Tyvek lid covering polystyrene tray | Same |
| Sterilization | EtO sterilization | Same |
| Luer Fittings | ISO 594-1 & ISO 594-2 compliant design | Same |
| Syringe: | | |
| Barrel Material<br>Composition | PET | Same |
| Barrel Length | 7.504" | 7.273" |
| Barrel OD | 2.002" | Same |
| Barrel ID | 1.844" | Same |
| Plunger Material<br>Composition | Polycarbonate | Same |
| Plunger Cover | Polyisoprene with silicone coating | Same |
| Connector Tubing<br>Components: | | |
| Maximum Pressure | 400 | 355 |
| Tube Material | PVC | Same |
| Tube Length | 60" | Same |
| Bonding Agent | Cyclohexanone | Same |
| T-connector | Polycarbonate | Same |
| Spike | ABS | None |
| Priming Tube | Polyethylene | None |
Image /page/1/Picture/3 description: The image shows a logo with a stylized letter "Q" in a bold, sans-serif font. The "Q" is partially obscured by a square shape, giving it a modern and abstract appearance. Below the "Q", the word "Quality" is written in a smaller, lighter font, suggesting that the logo represents a brand or organization focused on quality.
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Image /page/2/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "medran" in a stylized, bold, sans-serif font, with a circled R trademark symbol next to it. Below the word, there is a handwritten alphanumeric code that reads "K023183". The text is black and the background is white.
Image /page/2/Picture/2 description: The image shows a logo with a stylized letter 'Q' in a bold, sans-serif font. Below the 'Q', there are two lines of text that appear to say 'Quality' and 'of Life'. The text is in a smaller font size than the 'Q' and is slightly blurred, making it difficult to read clearly. The logo has a simple, clean design.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular seal with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" arranged around the perimeter. Inside the circle is a stylized symbol that resembles a caduceus, a traditional symbol of medicine, but with three branches instead of the usual one.
JAN 1 0 2003
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
Medrad, Inc. Mr. Frank W. Pelc III Regulatory Affairs Coordinator One Medrad Drive Indianola, PA 15051-0780
Re: K023183
> Trade/Device Name: Medrad Stellant CT Injector System Regulation Number: CFR 870.1650 Regulation Name: Angiographic injector and syringe. Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: DXT Dated: December 10, 2002 Received: December 11, 2002
Dear Mr. Pelc:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set
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Page 2 - Mr. Frank W. Pelc III
forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050. This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4635. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97) you may obtain. Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html
Sincerely yours.
Kaila Tuh
Bram D. Zuckerman, M.D. Director Division of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Intended Use
## Indications for Use Statement
510(k) Number:
K023183
Device Name: Medrad Stellant CT Injector System
Indications for Use:
The Medrad Stellant CT Injector System is intended for the specific purpose of injecting intravenous contrast media into humans for diagnostic studies in computed tomography (CT) applications.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
DaGTM
diovascu
510(k) Number K023183
Prescription Use √
Over-The-Counter Use_____(Per 21 CFR 801.109)
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.