The PadPro pediatric electrodes are indicated for use in external pacing, defibrillation and monitoring applications as a non-sterile, disposable device for single pediatric use only. The PadPro 2603 electrodes provide the conductive interface between the defibrillator and/or the external transcutaneous (noninvasive) cardiac pacemaker and the pediatric patient's skin. The electrode is intended for use on pediatric patients whose weight is less than 10kg (22 Ibs). When a patient requires defibrillation, cardioversion or external pasing, these electrodes will be applied to the patient and connected to the instrument. This device is intended for use on defibrillators whose valput is van be limited to 30 joules musimum. The Padlyro 2003 pediative electrodes are designed for, and to be used with the Physio-control, Zoll, and Hewlett Packard defibrillators
Device Story
PadPro 2603 are non-sterile, disposable, multifunction electrodes; provide conductive interface between defibrillator/pacemaker and pediatric patient skin. Used for defibrillation, cardioversion, pacing, and monitoring. Operated by clinicians in hospitals or paramedic settings. Features high-tack adhesive polymer gel for uniform current distribution and repositioning; radiotranslucent; latex-free. Adapter system allows connection to various OEM cables (Physio-control, Zoll, Hewlett Packard). Enables standardization of electrodes across different defibrillator brands within an institution. Benefits include patient comfort, effective therapy delivery, and simplified clinical workflow.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided.
Technological Characteristics
Multifunction electrode; radiotranslucent; latex-free; high-tack polymer adhesive gel. Dimensions: 4.5 x 8.2 cm. Connectivity: Adapter system for OEM cables. Standards: IEC 601-1 (1988) with amendments, ANSI/AAMI DF-39.
Indications for Use
Indicated for pediatric patients weighing less than 10kg (22 lbs) requiring external pacing, defibrillation, cardioversion, or monitoring. Intended for use with defibrillators limited to 30 joules maximum output.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An automated external defibrillator (AED) system consists of an AED and those accessories necessary for the AED to detect and interpret an electrocardiogram and deliver an electrical shock (e.g., battery, pad electrode, adapter, and hardware key for pediatric use). An AED system analyzes the patient's electrocardiogram, interprets the cardiac rhythm, and automatically delivers an electrical shock (fully automated AED), or advises the user to deliver the shock (semi-automated or shock advisory AED) to treat ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia.
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K020288
## EXHIBIT 2
PadPro LLC. 5643 Plymouth Rd. Ann Arbor, Mi 48105 Phone: 734-663-0132 Fax: 734-663-1306 Contact: Cliff Poppy, President February 26, 2002 510(k) Summary of Safety and Effectiveness
- Identification of the Device: l. IGentification of the Same: "PadPro" 2603 Pediatric Multifunction Electrodes Classification Name: Electrode, Electrocardiograph, Multi-Function; MLN Common/Usual Name: Defibrillator Electrode
- Equivalent legally marketed device: This identical in function and nearly identical in design to 2. the PadPro 2602 Pediatric Electrode (K002280).
- Indications for Use: The PadPro pediatric electrodes are indicated for use in external pacing, 3. defibrillation and monitoring applications as a non-sterile, disposable device for single pediatric use only. The PadPro 2603 electrodes provide the conductive interface between the defibrillator and/or the external transcutaneous (noninvasive) cardiac pacemaker and the pediatric patient's skin. The electrode is intended for use on pediatric patients whose weight is less than 10kg (22 Ibs).
When a patient requires defibrillation, cardioversion or external pasing, these electrodes will be applied to the patient and connected to the instrument. This device is intended for use on defibrillators whose valput is van be limited to 30 joules musimum. The Padlyro 2003 pediative electrodes are designed for, and to be used with the Physio-control, Zoll, and Hewlett Packard defibrillators
- Description of the Devices: Features & Benefits: 4.
The electrodes are multifunction because they can be used for defibrillation, pacing, cardioversion, and monitoring. PadPro electrodes can be used on all makes and models of defibrillator, including all of the Bi-Phasic units. Radio transparent. "One Pad System" enables the pads to stay with the patient as they move through departments. PadPro has an electrode for any clinical need or patient situation. The high tack adhesive gel allows PadPro electrodes to be repositioned multiple times. PadPro can provide onsite conversion of current cables to accept the PadPro electrodes. The polymer adhesive gel allows superior contact for uniform current distribution and more effective defibrillation and pacing. PadPro's adapter system simply plugs into the OEM cable. Standardization of products - One connector can be used throughout the institution, no matter what brand of defibrillation/pacing unit is being used. All PadPro products are Latex free.
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| Comparison Areas | "PadPro" 2602 Pediatric Defibrillator<br>Electrodes (K002280). | "PadPro" 2603 Pediatric<br>Defibrillator Electrodes |
|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
| Indications for use | For use as disposable electrodes for<br>automatic and manual external<br>defibrillators for monitoring, pacing,<br>cardioversion, and defibrillation.<br>Pediatric application | SAME |
| Where used | Hospitals and Paramedic situations | SAME |
| Basic features | Radiotranslucent, non sterile, latex<br>free, single patient use, self adhesive,<br>in sealed foil pouch. | SAME. Slightly larger than<br>2602. |
| Size | 4.1 x 5.1 cm | 4.5 x 8.2 cm |
| Standard met | International Electrotechnical<br>Commission (IEC) 601-1: Medical<br>Electrical Equipment 601-1 (1988)<br>Part 1: General requirements for<br>safety Amendment No. 1 (1991)<br>Amendment No. 2 (1995 and<br>Sec.898.12 Performance standard;<br>ANSI/AAMI DF-39 (3.3.19)<br>standard, self adhesive electrodes for<br>monitoring and defibrillation | SAME |
- Safety and Effectiveness, comparison to predicate device: న.
. .
- Conclusion In all respects, the PadPro System Defibrillator Electrodes are substantially 6. equivalent to other electrodes that are legally marketed for this purpose. The device meets the standards referenced above.
:
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Image /page/2/Picture/1 description: The image shows the seal of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The seal is circular and contains the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES-USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is a stylized caduceus symbol, which is a staff with two snakes coiled around it.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
FEB 2 7 2002
PadPro LLC. c/o Mr. Daniel Kamm President Kamm & Associates P.O. Box 7007 Deerfield, IL 60015
Re: K020288
Trade Name: "PadPro" 2603 Pediatric Multifunction Electrodes Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.1025 Regulation Name: Defibrillator Automatic, External Regulatory Class: Class III (three) Product Code: MKJ Dated: January 24, 2002 Received: January 28, 2002
Dear Mr. Kamm:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device we nave reviewed your becaren or see fee device is substantially equivalent (for the indications forchered a oo re and in revelopment to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate for use surve in the encreases) 76 the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to conninered pror to ria) 2011-12-11 accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, devices that have boom require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The r ou may, atteresy mains of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it rr your device to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean r load be act not a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act that I Dr Hab made a and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must or any I outhal the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21
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## Page 2 - Mr. Daniel Kamm
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean Flease oe advised that I DPT 3 ibsualler or our device complies with other requirements of the Act that I DA has made a colorimiation administered by other Federal agencies. You must of any I edical statutes and regulations and limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set Cr K Fat 807), labeling (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic forul in the quality systems (QD) regulations (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) I mis ictier will anow you to begin maing of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally premail.cated predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and If you desire speomle ad 100 for you in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of additionally 21 CFTC Far 80%. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of Compliance at (301) 597-1010. First of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). Togulation chittion, "Miooranang of esponsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Other general information on your respectional and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html
Sincerely yours,
Zuckerman, M.D. Bram D. Acting Director Division of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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## i) Indications for Use
510(k) Number K020288
Device Name: "PadPro" 2603 Pediatric Multifunction Electrodes
## Indications for Use:
The PadPro pediatric electrodes are indicated for use in external pacing, defibiliation and monitoring I he PadPro pediative electrodes are maleated for single pediatric use only. The PadPro 2603 electrodes applications as a non-sterne, disposable as rios and/or the external transcutaneous provide ine conductive meetiatic patient's skin. The electrode is intended for use on < pediatric patients whose weight is less than 10kg (22 lbs).
pediathic patient whose weight is tess than 1005 (42 to 100 )
When a patient requires defibrillation, cardioversion or external pacing, these electrodes will be applied when a patient requires defibrination, carents . This. device is intended for use on defibrillators whose of specifical fea to the patient and collined to the unstrum. The 2017 pediatric electrodes are designed for, ~ output is can be ininted to bio-control, Zoll, and Hewlett Packard defibrillators.
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
| Prescription Use | <div>✓</div> |
|------------------|--------------|
|------------------|--------------|
OR
| Over the Counter Use (Per 21 CFR 801.109) | |
|-------------------------------------------|--|
|-------------------------------------------|--|
Division of Cardiovascular & Respiratory Devices
| 510(k) Number | K202288 |
|---------------|---------|
|---------------|---------|
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.